人本主義心理學(xué)_積極心理學(xué)發(fā)展的重要理論基石（The important theoretical foundation for the development of positive psychology humanistic psychology _.）

1、人本主義心理學(xué)_積極心理學(xué)發(fā)展的重要理論基石（The important theoretical foundation for the development of positive psychology, humanistic psychology _.）The fourth Tianjin Medical Journal No. 4August 2008Journal of Tianjin Academy of Educational ScienceAug. 2008Humanistic Psychology: an important theoretical cornerstone fo

2、r the development of positive psychologyZhoudongbin(Department of education, Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, Chifeng, 024000)The emergence of psychology provides a broader social background, psychological and philosophical basis. Among them, the contribution of humanistic psychology is the bigge

3、st.Although positive psychology was the first rising in the United States at the end of the last centuryThe psychology movementIndividual psychology was later developed in the field of social psychology and mental health researchEmbody. The conflict of social material civilization, personality psych

4、ology and humanism psychologyThe development of learning, the eastern traditional philosophy and the perfection of social constructivism are all positiveHowever, the earliest thought came from Adler (Adler)The answer between psychological illness and psychology is self-evident.Abstract in 1950s, a r

5、evolutionary event happened in the history of psychology, and the development of psychologists led by Maslow and other psychologists was carried outThe humanistic psychology movement. From the perspective of history of psychology, it is this kind of movement that corrects the development direction o

6、f PsychologyPsychological development of human potential, enhance human happiness service purposes, so that the core values of psychology to return, but also good at psychological problemsMending negative psychology is gradually replaced by positive psychology.Keywords humanistic psychology; positiv

7、e psychology; self actualization; peak experienceCLC number G44 document identification code AOrbit, that is, let the human life poetic, let the color of lifeColor is more dazzling, in the face of the whole human mental health and only solve some peoplearticle number 1617-2277 -0) 8002Get richer4 -0

8、05-7 03First, the emergence and development of positive psychologyPositive psychology is a famous contemporary psychologist Seligman (Seligman),M.) a psychological movement initiated and raised in the United states. Psychology fromSince its birth in 1879, it has gone through an extraordinary Road, w

9、hich is required by psychologyThe three tasks that face and solve are psychological treatment, promotion of mental health and the improvement of mental healthGreat progress has been made in the development of human potential. But after World War II, from.The need for healing of war wounds, the treat

10、ment of mental illness, and the acceptance of society by humansThe great impact of change, coupled with some of the early theories of PsychoanalysisThe psychology and a considerable number of psychologists focus on the main research directionsWork should focus on psychotherapy and psychotherapyA new

11、 branch of psychology. In this situation, a lot of research workers in PsychologyGradually deviated from the attention of the latter two tasks, reducing the enthusiasm for them,The misunderstanding of the development of psychology has deviated from the research direction which should be paid more at

12、tention toResearch field. In this sense, the emergence of positive psychology is related to PsychologyRectifying deviation and realizing the basic task of Psychology - making people live more happilyIts really important.Psychology is different from medicine, although their purpose of development is

13、to promoteHuman health, but the focus is entirely different: medicine focuses on human physiological health careAnd psychology, however, pays attention to the perfection of the spiritual and psychological aspects of human beingsDevelopment。 It can be said that one is heavy material, and the other is

14、 heavy psychology or consciousness.Therefore, the development of psychology must go back to what it should have been rightPositive psychology takes developing peoples positive power, good ends and virtues as the main tasksThe author believes that psychology should not only help mankind in the course

15、 of its birth, but also promote the development of human beingsLiving in trouble, and putting most of our energy into building human beingsHome at the same time,Learn to pay attention to and improve the quality of life, enrich the interest of life, createBuild high grade rich life. Therefore, the fa

16、mous psychologist Schulz (Schultz)And Ye Haosheng gave a very high appraisal of positive psychology. Schulz points out,Positive psychology is one of the latest developments in contemporary psychology; Ye Haosheng holds that positive psychology is an integral part of PsychologyPolar psychology has re

17、alized the true regression of psychological value and opened up a new psychologyView。 As positive psychology advocates, this discipline is to studyThe most happy human event in life, and thus declared his own specific research collarDomains are positive emotional experience, subjective well-being an

18、d positive personality traits.Two. An overview of Humanistic PsychologyTo sum up, positive psychology fully reflects the humanistic thinkingThink, it advocates positive life philosophy, eliminate the traditional psychology too focused on badThe tendency of personality problems makes psychology usher

19、 in its own scientific springDay. From the whole process of development, it is not difficult to find the true body of positive psychologyThe human truth, goodness and beauty in this world, the human mind to loveOpen wide。 Therefore, psychology should be rooted in the positive psychological strength

20、of all mankindResearch and development, to provide a valuable force for human liberation, that wayThen, psychology will completely realize and complete her unique historical mission, but canThe main branch of psychology is her latest branch, positive psychology.People oriented is not only an importa

21、nt thought of human nature in positive psychology, but also a humanismCore ideas of feminist psychology.Humanistic psychology is the Second World WarA psychological innovation movement carried out by the United States in Contemporary Western psychology. SixtyZhou Dongbins Humanistic Psychology: an i

22、mportant theoretical cornerstone for the development of positive psychologySince the founding of the American Society of humanistic psychology in the early 1990s, the movement has been greatly developedThe exhibition held in 1971, the international conference in Holland, European and Asian influence

23、 over 1.As early as 3000 years ago, the ancient Greek temple of Athens carved on the inscriptionThere are words like know yourself like 2. By 1879, science psychology was comingPsychologists have defined psychology as the study of human psychologyThe science of image, that is, the science of human n

24、ature. In the last hundred years, in the field of scientific psychologyIn the course of development, psychology has gone through a lot in order to study human nature betterThe reform of behaviorism and cognitive psychology has constructed a lot of theoretical modelsA lot of progress, but not fundame

25、ntally changed, do not attach importance to most people haircut.The reality of demand, especially the traditional ones, such as psychoanalysisSome negative theories lead astray, fall into the non human mire, and even make peopleEquivalent to the animal 2 tries to follow the mechanistic model of Newt

26、on Descartes,Constructing psychology into a pure natural science 2.In this situation, people oriented, pay attention to research and development of human potentialThree. The great development of positive psychology in Humanistic Psychologycontribution(1) humanistic psychology lays the foundation for

27、 the development of positive potentials of human beingsThe positive emotional experience theme of positive psychology1. western philosophy that provides ideological and theoretical foundation for the birth of Humanistic PsychologyThere are rich exploration of human nature and exploration of human po

28、sitive emotion in the academic thought systemThe content of the test. As mentioned earlier, there were stones in ancient Greece more than 3000 years agoEngrave the inscription know yourself2 (142). The dawn of ancient Greek civilization in the WestPay attention to the study of human self value and r

29、eveal it. About 600 BCFor many years, the famous ancient Greek statesman and poet Solon put forward but thought,Warning human beings to have self-knowledge (2) (142). In the same time, the same geography, dialecticsHeraclitus, a representative of psychological thought, pointed out in his book, Im lo

30、oking for it.Know myself by myself,Think well, it belongs to everyone2 (142). The thought of these two famous people in this period is attaching importance to peopleIt is a good portrayal of human nature and the human nature. stayAbout 400 years ago, the main representative of the ancient Greek Soph

31、ists of Tai Yi pullHe puts forward his own philosophical proposition: man is the yardstick of all things.2 (142). Simultaneous,The famous statesman of ancient Greece and Athens put forward that man is the first important thing2 (142). Socrates, a famous philosopher, advocated that human beings shoul

32、d carry out this periodThe turn of mind should be changed from knowing nature to knowing itselfOneself2 (142). During this period, the thoughts of the three famous figures highlightedPeople oriented, human first humanism thought. It was more than 300 BCIn the west, hedonistic philosophy of life pion

33、eer Epicurus made people-orientedThought, the highest value and realm of life is the pursuit of happy 2 (142). thisIt is the first time to put forward the idea of putting people first, and it is the most important principle of HumanismBud mark 2 (142). At the same time, the great thinker Aristotle p

34、ut forward againA feeling of joyAnd the mystery of life, as if the veil of knowledge had been opened2 (142)Eighty-fiveA multi-level, multi-level system, Maslow also discusses the class of peak experienceType, characteristics, structure and value. These basic theories should be positive emotional exp

35、erienceThe psychological source of this theme.(two) Maslows self actualization psychology is the subjective happiness of positive psychologyAn important psychological source of the theme of sensationHappiness is the ultimate goal of life, the pursuit of happiness is a gift of human beingsRight。 Psyc

36、hological research suggests that subjective well-being refers to the individuals enjoyment of his lifeThe degree of love has three sides: subjectivity, positive emotional experience and the integrity of lifeSurface features 3 (51).Maslows self actualization psychology holds that peoples happiness is

37、 fundamentally speakingIs to achieve their own potential, to achieve the realm of self realization. He believes that behaviorThe two schools of doctrine and psychoanalysis are based on the one-sided view of human natureUnderstanding, therefore, advocates the establishment of a healthy and humane hum

38、anistic psychology.The basic needs hierarchy theory advocated by self actualization psychology holds that human beings are human beingsThe basic needs from low to high has five levels, namely, physiological needs, safety needs, returnThe need for love and respect and the need for self actualization.

39、 Every needSatisfaction brings happiness. The higher level needs to be satisfied, generatedThe stronger the sense of happiness, the more profound it is. When the low level needs are properly filledAfter the foot, people will enter the highest realm of life - self realization of the good fortuneFu st

40、ate. This state is also called peak experience. Happy, pure and quietThe peak experience is neither utilitarian nor self seeking. It is the object of the external world itselfAttracted to the lofty realm of human mind 3 (48). Maslows selfIt is positive to realize the experience of subjective well-be

41、ing systematically by the theory of PsychologyThe important theoretical source of psychology.(three) the positive personality theory of humanistic psychology is the product of positive psychologyThe important psychological source of the theme of extreme personality traitsThe personality problem is a

42、lways the important heart that psychologists need to study and understandThe birth of humanistic psychology has a very important significance. Its not onlyA major change in the scientism of mainstream psychology is the promotion of PsychologyThe return of science to the scientific theory of human na

43、ture 2.Man is a political animal.2 (142), which marks the emergence of human self-awarenessGreat leap. Later, like Dante, Bio, Bacon, Rock, AdamsRousseau, Kant, Gerd, James, Maslow and other western philosophy and psychologyEveryone has a good interpretation of the concept of people-oriented, especi

44、ally in the case of people firstPsychologist Maslow is the most famous.2. Abraham and Maslow are the main founders of humanistic psychology,He is regarded as the father of humanistic psychology. The self actualization psychology created by himSchool is the main body and the core of humanistic psycho

45、logy theory, the main theory of good sex,The support of the three theoretical pillars of potential theory and motivation theory. His theory of peak experienceDescribes the positive and wonderful emotional experience that people achieve when they make creative achievements.He believes that the peak e

46、xperience is the people into the realm of self realization and beyond the state of selfA momentary experience of openness and bliss, 2 (142). He said:This experience may be momentary, overwhelming awe, or it may beIt is an extremely strong sense of happiness that is fleeting, and even ecstatic, like

47、 drunkCrazy, 2 (142). Perhaps the most important thing is that they areThey claim that they feel the ultimate truth and the essence of things in such experiences. With the deepening of the study, Maslow found that peoples peak experience isZhou Dongbins Humanistic Psychology: an important theoretica

48、l cornerstone for the development of positive psychologyThe problem of Neo Confucianism and positive personality traits are very close to humanistic psychologistsNotes and research topics.Famous psychologist Schultz thinks, newA new direction in psychology,Strength is mainly the ability to recognize

49、 the growth and change of human personality, that is, the growth of human beingsForce 4. He believes that growth Psychology (that is, Humanistic Psychology) is about human natureTake the optimistic view that man can and must transcend his biological natureAnd environmental characteristics, believing

50、 that human beings have expanded, enriched, developed and perfected themselvesPotential, and these potential can be achieved, to become a healthy personality 4. SchultzAfter summarizing the characteristics of many healthy personality models, psychologists are extractedPeople think that the positive

51、personality traits of people are that they can consciously control their own livesLive, understand your own situation, stand firmly on the present, emphasize increasing tensionNot to reduce the importance of tension 4.The times are developing, the society is progressing, and all the development and

52、progress should be the firstIt is manifested in the improvement of human universal personality, because the times and society are impossibleDevelopment from human development. Therefore, peoples sense of happiness is a measure of social progressThe most fundamental scale. In the process of the gener

53、ation and development of human happiness, human beings themselvesThe evolution of lattices is very important. That is to say, shaping positive personality traits has become an eraAn important reference for social development and progressThe famous psychologist hall and Linde have put forward mining

54、measure personality theoryThree criteria, inclusive (comprehensiveness), parsimony (parsimony) andRelevance of research (research relevance). This is a simple standard,5 (1).Clarity, butNot comprehensive enough. Later, Reckman put forward six in his monograph personality theoryStandard 5 for measuri

55、ng personality theory 64. Xu Jinsheng, a scholar in China, thinks that,Because ofThe theory of healthy personality is related to the development of human nature and the meaning of lifeTherefore, the evaluation of the theory of healthy personality becomes more complexWork. Here, we can grasp the core

56、 of the ideal personality designThree criteria for evaluating the theory of healthy personality are put forward5 (70). They are:(1) should be able to extend the personality; (2) should be most willing to,Or, through persuasion, would like to develop in this direction of personality; (3) should be largeMost people can develop in this direction by effort, at least some of them are excellentThe personality of a show molecule that can reach or approach its ultimate description. According to Xu JinshengOf these three standards, so far, only Maslows