北京學(xué)位英語(yǔ)三級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法與詞匯 學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試第二部分為詞匯用法和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，共30題，考試時(shí)間為25分鐘。題目中50%為詞和短語(yǔ)的用法，50%為語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。主要考核考生運(yùn)用詞匯，短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。通過(guò)對(duì)以往考試結(jié)果的分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)考生在這個(gè)部分失分的主要原因在于： 1. 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)欠缺 2.詞組和易混淆詞知識(shí)掌握的太少 3.只知道大量做題，卻忽視了對(duì)考點(diǎn)的總結(jié)和歸納題型概述針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題，我們進(jìn)行以下講解和分析：1. 對(duì)考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行梳理和總結(jié)2.根據(jù)真題為大家進(jìn)行做題步驟的講解3.總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn) 對(duì)于語(yǔ)法部分內(nèi)容的復(fù)習(xí)，希望大家明白一點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的考查“萬(wàn)變不離其宗”這里的“宗”就是語(yǔ)法知識(shí)要點(diǎn)。對(duì)

2、于詞匯部分內(nèi)容的復(fù)習(xí)，大家要從三個(gè)主要方面入手：詞組，易混淆詞和固定搭配1.掌握常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞短短2.掌握一些重點(diǎn)的介詞和副詞短語(yǔ)3.掌握常見(jiàn)的易混淆詞4.要多做題，對(duì)見(jiàn)到的固定搭配隨時(shí)進(jìn)行積累和總結(jié)一. 測(cè)試形式二. 測(cè)試能力要求：這部分是詞語(yǔ)用法和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)部分的延伸，目的是測(cè)試學(xué)生掌握詞匯 短語(yǔ)以及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的熟練程度，其重點(diǎn)是固定搭配和句型，挑錯(cuò)題的考試范圍與第二章涉及的考試范圍相同成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試挑錯(cuò)題 1.閱讀題目，弄清大意 首先要通讀全句，把整句話把表達(dá)的意思弄明白，不要只讀句子中的劃線部分，要一邊讀一邊帶著找問(wèn)題的眼光去看，在熟悉?？伎键c(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，培養(yǎng)對(duì)于錯(cuò)誤的敏感性。 2.先易后難，

3、縮小范圍 挑錯(cuò)題共10道題目，其難易程度不一。大家在做題時(shí)不要拘泥于題目的順序，要按照先易后難的原則進(jìn)行。除此之外考生也應(yīng)該將近年真題挑錯(cuò)部分認(rèn)真做一遍，找出自己在語(yǔ)法上的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，有重點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目解題思路1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) Over the past decades, sea ice _ in the Arctic (北極) as a result of global warming. A. had decreased B. will decrease C. has been decreasing D. is decresing 答案：C 過(guò)去的數(shù)十年間，北極的海洋冰川由于全球變暖而一直

4、遞減。 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法2. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句: “主將來(lái)，從一般”If it _ tomorrow, we will stay indoors tohave our training class.A.rains B. rain C. will rain D. rained 答案：A 3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) must have done should have done could have done would have doneExercises:1. He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himse

5、lf by the seaside. A.should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant答案：B2. Tom, youre too lazy! The work _have been finished yesterday. A. would B. should C. must D. could答案：B3. Without your help, I _ have achievedso much. A. cant B. shouldnt C. wouldnt D. musnt 答案：C4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is（was）被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分）被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分that (who)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分

6、為“物”時(shí)用that，為“人”時(shí)用whoIt was on Monday night that all this happened.It is me who he blamedExercise:It was in 2005 _ we began to introducethis new technique into our company.A.which B. then C. when D. that 答案： D 5. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣（1）wish+過(guò)去時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望 wish+過(guò)去完成時(shí)：一個(gè)過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 I wish I were as tall as you. I di

7、dnt go to the party, but I do wish I had been there. Exercise:- Did you see her off the day before yesterday?- No, but I wish I _.A. were B. did C. had D. would 答案： C(2) would rather+過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“寧愿，寧可” I would rather all of you came next month for a dinner. Exercise: “Shall I give you a cheque for 10?” A

8、 B“Id rather you give me 10 in notes.” C D答案：C give gave(3) It is (high) time (that)+過(guò)去時(shí) (早)該了 Dont you think it is time you gave up smoking? Exercise: It is about time that we go to supper, for we still A B C have a meeting to attend this evening. D 答案：B go went(4) A. 隱含表示說(shuō)話人主觀意見(jiàn)的詞，后面用隱含表示說(shuō)話人主觀意見(jiàn)的詞

9、，后面用 (should) do suggest, advise, propose, recommend, insist, require, request, demand, desire, order, command Polite manners in China demand that a person stand up when anyone enters a room. B. It is important/necessary/urgent that (should) do It is vital that enough money be collected to get the p

10、roject started. Exercises:1. My suggestion yesterday was that a meeting _ to discuss the matter.A. should hold B. must be held C. would be held D. be held答案：D be held = should be held2. I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience. A. be assigned B. is assigned C. will

11、be addigned D. has been assigned答案：A(5) in case, lest, for fear that引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句， should +動(dòng)詞原形He took his raincoat for fear that it should rain.他把雨衣帶身上以防下雨。6. 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) (1) 否定詞在句首：by no means, in no case, scarcely By no means will Jane agree to move to a new place far away from her workplace. (2) Only開(kāi)頭 O

12、nly by practice will you be able to improve your spoken English. (3) nor, neither, so 位于句首，句子倒裝 So little did I know about the stock exchange that the lecture was completely beyond me. 7. 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句The information which she was injured in A Bthe accident was given by Liz. C D答案：A which that同位語(yǔ)從句常跟在f

13、act, evidence, information,idea, news后面，用that 引導(dǎo)從句 e.g. The fact came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 mounths old. 8. 關(guān)系詞的選擇(1) 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句A container weighs more after air is put in, it A B C Dproves that air has weight. 答案：D it which (2) 先行詞是 the time, the moment

14、, 關(guān)系詞用when(3) 先行詞是 situation,關(guān)系詞用where(4) who or whom? 定語(yǔ)從句中，指人的先行詞我們用who或者whom做連接詞，who用來(lái)做從句的主語(yǔ)，whom用來(lái)做從句的賓語(yǔ). This is a nurse who wears a white skirt. This is the person whom I just saw.1)He is the driver_ I want to look for.2)This is the friend _ I often visit.3)I have a friend _ has much money.4)I

15、ts a thief _ was caught by us.5)Kate is a student _ studies well.6) This is the sportsman _ everyone says will win the gold medal.whomwhomwhowhowhowho9. 反意疑問(wèn)句 (1) 在have to 結(jié)構(gòu)中，反意疑問(wèn)句要用助動(dòng)詞do/does/did We had to wait a long time to get our passport, didnt we? (2) 含有否定詞hardly, scarcely, never, seldom等，反意

16、疑問(wèn)句要用肯定。 You never told me you have seen the film, did you?(3) 祈使句中，反意疑問(wèn)句用 will you Dont forget to write to me, will you? Lets 與Let us 區(qū)別 Lets hurry up and try to get to the railway station in time, shall we? Please let us have more time, will you?(4) 從句中，反意疑問(wèn)句和從句的謂語(yǔ)一致 I heard that you really had a

17、wonderful time at Johns birthday party, didnt you?Exercises:1. His wife had the front door painted greenyesterday, _ she?A.did B. didnt C. had D. hadnt答案：B2. Dear Helen, please forgive him for his A B rudeness, can you? C D答案：D can you will you10. 主謂一致主謂一致 (1) 雖然形式以-s結(jié)尾，但表示單數(shù)意義 physics, maths, news,

18、 means(2) 動(dòng)名詞，不定式，從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) When and where the new hospital will be built remains a mystery. (3) A number of 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) The number of 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) The number of mistakes made by him was surprising. (4) 主語(yǔ)+as well as, along with, together with, including, accompanied by +名詞 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)保持一致 (5) 名詞前有each, eve

19、ry, many a 修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.(6) 就近原則 not onlybut also, neithernor, eitheror,謂語(yǔ)與最鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致。 Neither you nor I am interested in the movie. Exercises: (1) A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. h

20、as offered C. are offered D. have offered(2) Professor Smith, along with his assistants, _ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A. work B. working C. is working D. are working 答案：A; C(1) 一些慣用語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)名詞 a. cant help doing =cant help but do b. It/There is no use doing 做沒(méi)有用 c. be worth doing

21、做是值得的 d. be busy doing 忙于 e. enjoy/feel like doing 喜歡/想 d. What/How about doing? 如何？ e. have difficulty/trouble/problem in doing 11.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(2) 動(dòng)詞不定式 跟不定式做賓語(yǔ)的常用動(dòng)詞有: (p81) persuade, intend, pretend, manage, want 動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不帶to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)see, watch, let, have, make, would rather, had better have/let sb. do

22、sth.(3) 動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式 have/get sth. done make oneself understoodExercises:1. Is there any possibility of getting the price _ further? A. reduced B. reduce C. reducing D. be reduced2. They are going to have the servicemen A B installed an electric fan in the office C D tomorrow. 答案：A; C(4) 分詞 （現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞）

23、現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)或動(dòng)作完成Feeling tired after a hard work, she fell intobed and went straight to sleep.Today the police can watch cars running onroad by radar.Given time, hell become a first-class tennisplayer.We found the cake eaten by Tom.Exercise:_ at the bus stop, he found a lot ofpeople waiting

24、 there.A.Arrived B. ArrivingC. Being arrived D. To arrive答案：B重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)詞匯1.倍數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù) 倍數(shù)：twice 兩倍 three times 三倍 分?jǐn)?shù)：half 一半 a quarter 四分之一 two niths 九分之二 eight percent 百分之八 (1)倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)+as+adj/adv+as The train ticket is three times as cheep as the plane ticket. (2) 倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)+the size, weight, height, amount of The e

25、arth is 49 times the size of the moon.(3) 倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)+比較級(jí)+than The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. Exercise:He would have paid _ for the house if thesalesgirl had insisted because he really wantedit.A.twice as much B. much as twiceC. as much twice D. twice much as 答案：A 2

26、. 一些?？嫉墓潭▌?dòng)詞詞組一些?？嫉墓潭▌?dòng)詞詞組 (1) look into 研究， 調(diào)查 look after 照顧 ，照管 look over （仔細(xì)）檢查 look through 翻閱， 看一遍 look back（upon） 回想，回顧 look down on（upon） 看不起 look for 尋找 look forward to 盼望 look out 查出, 找出 look out （for） 注意， 當(dāng)心， 提防 It is reported that the police will soon look _ the case of the two missing chil

27、dren.A.upon B. after C. into D. out 答案：C(2) put away 收起來(lái), 拋棄 put up 舉起, 提供 put off 推遲, 拖延 put down 放下, 拒絕 put in 插話 put back,放回(3) call for 需求，需要 call on/upon 拜訪，號(hào)召 call off 取消 cal up 召集，使人想起 call back 召回(4) run out 用完，耗盡 run over 瀏覽 run after 追趕 run away 逃跑(5) lay off 解雇，裁員 lay out 設(shè)計(jì) lay down 建造，制

28、定The factory had to lay off a number of employees bacause of the economic declinein the country.(6) bring about 造成，引起 bring up 提出，養(yǎng)育 bring out 取出The Internet has brought _ big changes in the way we work.A.about B. out C. back D. up答案：A (7) lie in， lie to，lie on Shanghai lies in the east of China. Ta

29、iwan lies to the east of China. Russia lies on the north of China. (8) spend, pay, cost, take spend 的主語(yǔ)是“人” spend time/money on sth./in doing sth. I spend two hours on this maths problem. cost 的主語(yǔ)是 “物” sth. costs/cost sb. +金錢 The new computer costs me a lot of money. pay 常與for 搭配 I have to pay them

30、20 pounds for this room each month. take 常用于句型：It takes/took sb. sometime to do sth. It took me one hour to remember those new words.3. neither, either, none, both neither 兩者都不 either 兩者中的每個(gè)都 none 兩者以上都不 both 兩者都 either 與單數(shù)連用，both與復(fù)數(shù)連用 Both the boys are clever. Either of the two boys is clever. I ma

31、de a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _ of them answered it.A.either B. none C. neither D. nobody答案：C 5. 特殊固定搭配 (1) keep an eye on 留神，注意（某人，某事） (2) takeseriously 重視，注意，當(dāng)真 (3) regret to do regret doing (4) devote ones life to doing 獻(xiàn)身于 (5) look forward to hearing from sb. 期待收到某人的來(lái)信

32、題型概述 學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試的完形填空部分共20題，考試時(shí)間15分鐘，分值10分，主要考核的是學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力，也就是考查學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，詞匯和閱讀方面的綜合能力?？键c(diǎn)分析：經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試完形填空的分類和分析，我們把這類題分為三種題型： A： 詞匯題（30%）B：語(yǔ)法題（20%）C: 語(yǔ)篇題（50%）解題步驟：1.精讀第一句：第一句往往是文章的主題句，可以根據(jù)它來(lái)掌握文章的中心思想2.快速閱讀全文，掌握短文主旨大意3. 細(xì)讀并選擇：第二遍仔細(xì)閱讀是關(guān)鍵，考生應(yīng)該花8-9分鐘精讀短文，瞻前顧后靈活答題4.復(fù)核全篇短文 完形填空 題型概述 翻譯試題由兩部分組成：第一部分為英譯漢；第二部分為漢譯

33、英 英譯漢解題步驟： 英譯漢相對(duì)于漢譯英要簡(jiǎn)單一些，考生只要理解了句子的含義，就不難把英語(yǔ)翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。 第一步：略讀全文，通曉大意第一步：略讀全文，通曉大意。為什么要略讀呢？第一，我們沒(méi)有太多的時(shí)間在考場(chǎng)上精讀文章，但有些同學(xué)說(shuō)那可不可以不讀，直接翻譯劃線部分？這是不可取的，因?yàn)閯澗€部分的翻譯需要了解相關(guān)的上下文背景，還需要搞清楚一些代詞的指代關(guān)系。所以要略讀。在略讀的時(shí)候要將文章的大致意思搞清楚，知道文章大致的邏輯是怎樣的，是如何行文和組織結(jié)構(gòu)的等等重要的相關(guān)信息，特別要弄清代詞it, they, them, this, that, these, those和other等所指代的詞或詞組。翻譯 第二步：分析句子，劃分結(jié)構(gòu)。第二步：分析句子，劃分結(jié)構(gòu)。要搞清楚劃線部分的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，分清是簡(jiǎn)單句還是復(fù)合句，那個(gè)是主句，那個(gè)是從句，有哪些從句，從句之間的關(guān)系是什么，有哪些修飾語(yǔ)，有哪些插入語(yǔ)等等，搞清楚這些問(wèn)題，再著手進(jìn)行第三步。 第三步：選擇詞義，仔細(xì)推敲第三步：選擇詞義，仔細(xì)推敲。對(duì)于劃線部分的一些重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)單詞和詞組進(jìn)行仔細(xì)推敲，搞清楚其在文中的恰當(dāng)