英語(yǔ)同步練習(xí)題考試題試卷教案09年中考英語(yǔ)主謂一致專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)

1、主謂一致專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握主謂一致的原則。掌握主謂一致應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。【課前準(zhǔn)備】要求學(xué)生回憶有關(guān)主謂一致的具體應(yīng)用?！局R(shí)要點(diǎn)】1語(yǔ)法形式上的一致。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)形式， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式：主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.意義上一致。(1)主語(yǔ)形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的詞有people, police, audience等。(2)主語(yǔ)形式為復(fù)數(shù)而意義上卻是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。形復(fù)意單(不可數(shù))的詞有：news, maths, physics等。3.就近原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近它的主語(yǔ)，如there be句型或用連詞eit

2、her.or.，neither.nor.,not only.but also等。4.要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。(1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果指整體，用單數(shù)；如果指每個(gè)成員，用復(fù)數(shù)。如:His family are watching TV in the sitting room.His family is very big.(2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，但當(dāng)它們與a pair of或pairs of連用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與pair

3、的數(shù)保持一致。如：The pair of glasses fits you well.Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men. (3)名詞性物主代詞后的動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)，取決于它所代替的是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。如：ours (=Our Party) is a great party.Your shoes are black, mine (=my shoes) are brown. 5.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，其謂

4、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)按主語(yǔ)單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。如：Mr Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. 6.the+adj表示一類(lèi)人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The old are going to be looked after well. 7.and連接并列主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)，但如果指同個(gè)人，同一事物或同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，這時(shí)and后面的名詞無(wú)冠詞。如：A speaker and writer is coming tomorrow.(同一個(gè)人)A speaker and a writer are com

5、ing tomorrow.(兩個(gè)人) 8.Every A and every B/Each A and each B/No A and no B作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，其中A、B代表單數(shù)名詞。9.The number of+.，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。A number of+.，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，相當(dāng)于a lot of。如：The number of the students in our class is 50.A number of students are learning Japanese now.10.在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致Behind the house are

6、 some trees.11.表示數(shù)量的one and a half后，名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.12.幾分之幾/half of/part of/the rest of+n/pron.作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由后面的n/pron決定。而one of+n/pron作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Two thirds of the bread was eaten. 13.名詞所有格之后的名詞被省略的情況一般只指商店、工場(chǎng)、住宅等，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。如：The doctors i

7、s on the other side of the street.14.表示“一段時(shí)間”“一段距離”“一些錢(qián)”的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。如：Six miles is too far for an old man to walk.15.關(guān)系代詞who, that, which在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與先行詞一致。如：Those who want to go have signed their names here.16.疑問(wèn)代詞who, what, which作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)說(shuō)話(huà)人所表達(dá)的意思決定單復(fù)數(shù)。如：Who live next door? Its Zhang

8、 and Liu./Who lives next door? Its Liu.【典型例題解析】例1 The rich _ not always happy.A. are B. is C. has D. have解析the + adj.表示一類(lèi)人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，故選A。例2 The Olympic Games _ held every_ years.A. is，four B. are，four C. is，five D. are，five解析 每四年一次的奧林匹克往往看作復(fù)數(shù)。故選B。例3 No one but her classmates _it.A. know B. knows

9、C. is knowing D. are knowing解析 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后跟有but引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)按but前面部分的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。故選B。例4 解析表示一些錢(qián)的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)，故選D。例5 No bird and no beast _ on the lonely island.A. are seen B. is seen C. see D. sees 解析 No.and no.作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故選B。【選講例題】例6 Look, here come some _.A. dog B. horse C. deer D. cow解析 some后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只有d

10、eer,故選C。例7 The number of students of this school _ large.A. are B. have not C. isnt D. arent 解析 The number of+.，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故選C?！菊n內(nèi)追蹤練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇(B) 1.The singer and pianist _ asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday.A. is B. was C. are D. were (A) 2.A large number of students in our class _ girl

11、s.A. are B. was C. is D. be(B) 3.The paper for books and new papers _ made of wood.A. are B. is C. has D. have(B) 4.What we need _ good textbooks.A. is B. are C. have D. has(D) 5.Each of the _ in the ship.A. passenger has his own room B. passengers have their own room C. passenger have their own roo

12、m D. passengers has his own room(B) 6.What you said _the matter we are discussing.A. have something to do at B. has something to do withC. had something to do with D. has been something to do with(B) 7.Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _good painters.A. are.are B. am.areC

13、. is.is D. are.is【復(fù)習(xí)小結(jié)】 1牢記主謂一致的原則。 2牢記主謂一致應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題及其用法。【課外鞏固練習(xí)】一、單項(xiàng)選擇(B) 8.Three-fourths of the homework _today.A. has finished B. has been finishedC. have finished D. have been finished(C) 9Many people say 10,000 _ a lot of money.A. dollar is B. dollars are C. dollars is D. dollar are(A) 10.Nobody

14、 but two students _ left in the classroom.A. is B. are C. has D. have(B) 11.The police _soon.A. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come(C) 12.More than 60 percent of worlds radio programs _ in English.A. is B. was C. are D. be二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空13.Tom and I are (be) going to see a film this eveni

15、ng.14.The doctor and writer has (have) been here for two years.15.There is (be) a pen and three books on the desk.16.My family all like (like) to watch TV.17.He or she has (have) gone there.18.The news is (be) very interesting.19.Three days is (be) not enough for us.20.Neither of us enjoys (enjoy) c

16、limbing the tree.21.Every door and every window is (be) to be cleaned.22.Toms new trousers are (be) blue.23.None were (be) late for school yester day.24.A cart and horse is (be) coming.25.Tom，like Mary and Rose, has (have) an interesting book.26.One of the windows is (be) closed.27.All of my hope is

17、 (be) gone.28.Everything goes (go) well with me.29.Doing morning exercises is (be) good for your health.30.What he said sounds (sound) reasonable.(有理的)31.In the boat are (be) three young men.32.“I” is (be) the ninth letter.三、書(shū)面表達(dá)假如你是李明，三峽中學(xué)學(xué)生。你的筆友Peter Rack來(lái)信說(shuō)，他和家人今年暑假要來(lái)參觀三峽大壩，游覽三峽后去上海。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封回信向他們介紹他

18、們來(lái)北京后的交通及旅游路線(xiàn)，供他們參考。你和全家人歡迎他們，并到時(shí)在車(chē)站或機(jī)場(chǎng)接他們。the three Gorges(三峽)(1)火車(chē)時(shí)刻表(北京站)車(chē)次 49 438 408始發(fā)時(shí)間 18：10 08：10 10：05到宜昌時(shí)間 次日16：20 次日13：45 次日15：00始發(fā)站 宜昌 柳州 懷化備注 往宜昌 往宜昌(2)航空時(shí)刻表航班號(hào) 6435 78787時(shí)間 周二、四、六 周三、四離港 09：20 10：15到港 11：40 12：35起點(diǎn) 首都機(jī)場(chǎng) 重慶終點(diǎn) 三峽機(jī)場(chǎng) 上海(3)宜昌至重慶游船全天都有。寫(xiě)作提示：這是寫(xiě)一封回信，因此開(kāi)始必須交待清楚“已收到對(duì)方來(lái)信，并很高興”。然

19、后向?qū)Ψ秸f(shuō)清楚到北京后由空中怎樣到宜昌，由鐵路怎樣到宜昌，并提出你的建議。走出主謂一致的三大誤區(qū)句子的核心是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的確定取決于主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子含義和結(jié)構(gòu)認(rèn)準(zhǔn)主語(yǔ)是掌握主謂一致的必要條件；弄清主謂一致的語(yǔ)言規(guī)則和習(xí)慣是掌握主謂一致的充分條件，要正確使用主謂一致，兩個(gè)條件缺一不可，但同學(xué)們往往會(huì)走入以下三大誤區(qū)。誤區(qū)一 誤認(rèn)主語(yǔ)1. 倒裝句Between the two buildings are a big tree. （）Between the two buildings is a big tree. （）解析 第句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用are，錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為the two buildings是該

20、句的主語(yǔ)，但實(shí)際上是介詞between的賓語(yǔ)，一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，而介詞短語(yǔ)不能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。該句是一個(gè)倒裝句，真正主語(yǔ)是a big tree.因此第句正確。特別提醒 倒裝句的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)：副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)2. 主語(yǔ)之后帶有介詞短語(yǔ)The fruit like apples, oranges are good for our health. （）The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our health. （） 解析 第句誤認(rèn)為apples, oranges是主語(yǔ)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用are，而實(shí)際上the fruit才是該句的主語(yǔ)，like appl

21、es，oranges是介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾the fruit.該句譯為“像蘋(píng)果、桔子之類(lèi)的水果對(duì)我們的身體是有好處的”。因此第句是正確的。特別提醒 類(lèi)似的結(jié)構(gòu)有：主語(yǔ)+with / like / except / but / together with / as well as . . . ，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)一致，而與介詞短語(yǔ)之后的名詞無(wú)關(guān)。3. one of . . . + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)代詞There are twenty boys in our class. One of the boys are from Canada. （）There are twenty boys in our

22、class. One of the boys is from Canada. （）解析one of the boys的中心詞是one，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，造成第句錯(cuò)誤的原因主要是把the boys當(dāng)成了該句的主語(yǔ)。4. 定語(yǔ)從句I like the photos which was taken in Beijing. （）I like the photos which were taken in Beijing. （） 解析 which were taken in Beijing是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，用于修飾先行詞the photos，而which本身就代替先行詞the photos.因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要

23、用復(fù)數(shù)，造成第句錯(cuò)誤的原因是沒(méi)有弄清楚關(guān)系詞which的實(shí)質(zhì)，只是從形式上看它是單數(shù)。特別提醒 定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與先行詞保持一致。誤區(qū)二 被主語(yǔ)的表象迷惑1. 看似復(fù)數(shù)卻表單數(shù)概念Maths are my favourite subject. （）Maths is my favourite subject. （）解析maths本身是一個(gè)以“s”結(jié)尾的單詞，而不是一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示單數(shù)概念“數(shù)學(xué)”這一學(xué)科，因此第句正確。類(lèi)似的有：physics，news，politics . . .2. 看似單數(shù)卻表復(fù)數(shù)概念The police is searching for the robbers.

24、 （）The police are searching for the robbers. （）解析the police譯為“警方”，表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，而不是表示“那個(gè)警察”，因此第句正確，類(lèi)似的詞有：people，the +形容詞，the +姓+family等均表復(fù)數(shù)概念。3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)同形There are a little sheep eating grass on the hill. Can you see it？ （）There is a little sheep eating grass on the hill. Can you see it？ （） 解析sheep是一個(gè)單復(fù)數(shù)形式相

25、同的名詞，由于sheep之前用的a little修飾，加上Can you see it中的it指代單數(shù)，因此a little sheep譯為“一只小綿羊”，因此第句正確。如果將原題改為：There _ (be) a few sheep eating grass on the hill. Can you see them？那又會(huì)怎么樣呢。特別提醒 類(lèi)似的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的詞還有fish, Chinese, Japanese等，要根據(jù)句子的含義和結(jié)構(gòu)暗示來(lái)判斷其單復(fù)數(shù)。4. 集合名詞Their family is very happy. Now their family is watching TV

26、. （）Their family is very happy. Now their family are watching TV. （）解析 family是一個(gè)集合名詞，表示整體概念時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，表示個(gè)體概念時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。該句譯為“他們?nèi)液苄腋＃F(xiàn)在全家人正在看電視”。因此第一個(gè)family表示整體概念，譯為“家庭”，第二個(gè)family表示個(gè)體概念，譯為“家人”，第句正確。特別提醒 類(lèi)似的還有g(shù)roup，class，team等既可表單數(shù)也可表復(fù)數(shù)。誤區(qū)三 誤用語(yǔ)言規(guī)則1. 表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)、重量、數(shù)量等名詞作主語(yǔ)Ten years are quite a long time. （）Ten

27、 years is quite a long time. （）解析 表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)、重量、數(shù)量等名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，容易錯(cuò)誤理解為復(fù)數(shù)而出現(xiàn)第句的錯(cuò)誤。2. 由and連接的并列主語(yǔ)The twentieth lesson and last lesson are very easy for students. （）The twentieth lesson and last lesson is very easy for students. （） 解析 the twentieth lesson and last lesson是表示同一概念，譯為“第20課即最后一

28、課”，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。同學(xué)們?nèi)菀族e(cuò)誤理解“第20課和最后一課”，如果表示兩課，應(yīng)該表達(dá) 為“the twentieth lesson and the last lesson”。特別提醒 由and連接的并列主語(yǔ)表示同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，表示不同的概念時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3. 就近原則Neither you nor he have been to Beijing. （）Neither you nor he has been to Beijing. （）解析 neither . . . nor連接的并列主語(yǔ)（you ， he）雖然表示兩個(gè)人，但根據(jù)語(yǔ)言規(guī)則，當(dāng)它連接并列主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

29、詞根據(jù)就近原則，該由he決定，因此第句正確。特別提醒 類(lèi)似的還有either . . . or，not only . . . but also，not . . . but，以及there be之后的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的確定都根據(jù)“就近原則”。4. this kind of，a piece of，this pair of等短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)This pair of trousers are very new, but Toms trousers are very old. （）This pair of trousers is very new, but Toms trousers are very ol

30、d. （）解析 trousers作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，但當(dāng)它被this pair of修飾時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)確定。因此第句正確。特別提醒 this kind of，a piece of，a bag of，a box of等，這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由這些短語(yǔ)中的名詞決定，而與它們所修飾的名詞無(wú)關(guān)。5. the rest of, half of等短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)Half of the students have finished most of the work. The rest of it are very difficult. （）Half of the students

31、have finished most of the work. The rest of it is very difficult. （）解析 根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以判斷the rest of it中的it，指the work，而work是不可數(shù)名詞，因此第句正確。特別提醒 all of，most of，half of，the rest of，以及a lot of，some，any+名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要根據(jù)后面的名詞確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。6. 一句話(huà)提示合成不定代詞（如something，anybody等）作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；動(dòng)名詞、不定式、從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；a number of

32、+名詞（復(fù)）作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，the number of +名詞（復(fù)）作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；none of . . . 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。金題精練根據(jù)句意，從所給出的選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。1. The news _ very worth listening to.A. be B. is C. are D. am2. _ this pair of glasses yours？No. My glasses _ on the desk.A. Is， is B. Are， is C. Is， are D. Are， are3. The old _ taken good care of in China now.A. was B. are C. is D. were4. Nobody except the twins _ to Hongkong be