主要樹種的生產(chǎn)力

1、4.華北地區(qū)主要森林類型生物量和生產(chǎn)力研究4.1 華北落葉松生物量和生產(chǎn)力研究4.1.1 華北落葉松生物量研究本文運(yùn)用生物量模型的方法來估計(jì)落葉松林生物量，誤差較小。常用的森林生物量模型估算方法主要是利用樹木(包括樹干、樹枝、樹葉和樹根)實(shí)測的生物量與樹木胸徑(D)或胸徑平方與樹高的乘積(D2H)建立相對生長方程來進(jìn)行估算的。本文在韓有志、李玉娥等在華北落葉松人工林林木生物量的研究成果及譚緒泉等人研究華北落葉松自然稀疏模型基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地調(diào)查，解析木分析計(jì)算獲得了承德地區(qū)落葉松林各部分生物量，計(jì)算結(jié)果如下表：圖4-1 華北落葉松各部分生物量比例表4-1 承德地區(qū)落葉松單株各部分生物量表 (

2、kg/株 )年份樹干樹枝樹葉根系全株197810.736.971.187.7426.62197912.698.241.399.1531.47198014.639.501.6010.5536.28198116.4710.701.8111.8740.84198218.3111.892.0113.2045.41198320.2313.142.2214.5950.18198422.8514.842.5016.4756.66198525.2016.372.7618.1762.50198627.9418.153.0620.1569.31198731.9720.773.5023.0579.30198836.

3、0323.403.9525.9889.36198940.2526.144.4129.0299.83199044.3928.834.8732.00110.09199147.8431.075.2434.49118.64199250.3432.705.5236.29124.85199353.8234.965.9038.80133.48199457.7037.486.3341.60143.11199560.6339.386.6543.71150.37199662.9940.926.9145.42156.23199764.3341.797.0546.38159.56199868.7744.677.544

4、9.58170.55199971.4946.447.8451.55177.32200073.7547.908.0853.17182.91200176.2549.538.3654.97189.11200278.6051.068.6256.67194.95200381.6653.048.9558.88202.54200485.7355.699.4061.81212.63200588.8857.739.7464.08220.43200691.5259.4510.0365.98226.98200794.4461.3510.3568.09234.23200897.7363.4810.7170.46242

5、.39圖4-2 華北落葉松林分自然稀疏模型4.1.2 華北落葉松生產(chǎn)力研究生產(chǎn)力是指單位面積、單位時(shí)間內(nèi)有機(jī)物的凈生產(chǎn)量?？梢杂脝挝幻娣e和時(shí)間內(nèi)所積累的生物量表示生產(chǎn)力。在計(jì)算每公頃的生物量時(shí)，結(jié)合上文（圖4-2）落葉松自然稀疏模型來計(jì)算單位面積的落葉松生物量。本文主要是運(yùn)用承德地區(qū)每年每公頃生物量的增加量來表示該地區(qū)華北落葉松的生產(chǎn)力（如下表4-2）。表4-2 承德地區(qū)落葉松單位面積生產(chǎn)力表年份整株生物量（kg/株）每公頃株數(shù)（株）每公頃生物量（thm-2）生產(chǎn)力（thm-2a-1）197826.62284775.806.58197931.47261882.385.46198036.2824

6、2187.844.12198140.84225291.973.50198245.41210295.465.16198350.182005100.626.75198456.661895107.377.20198562.501833114.576.72198669.311750121.296.86198779.301616128.155.89198889.361500134.048.62198999.831429142.654.981990110.091341147.634.581991118.641283152.222.851992124.851242155.065.121993133.4812

7、00160.185.831994143.111160166.003.161995150.371125169.162.691996156.231100171.852.071997159.561090173.924.481998170.551046178.403.001999177.321023181.400.422000182.91994181.812.382001189.11974184.203.932002194.95965188.123.272003202.54945191.403.162004212.63915194.552.072005220.43892196.621.76200622

8、6.98874198.383.532007234.23862201.913.152008242.39846205.063.144.2 山楊生物量和生產(chǎn)力研究4.2.1 山楊生物量研究本文運(yùn)用生物量模型的方法來估計(jì)山楊生物量（方法同上4.1.1落葉松生物量研究方法）。本文在朱興武等人對山楊林分生物量的研究成果及譚緒泉等人研究山楊自然稀疏模型基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地調(diào)查，解析木分析計(jì)算獲得了承德地區(qū)山楊各部分生物量，計(jì)算結(jié)果如下：圖4-3 山楊各部分生物量比例表4-3承德地區(qū)山楊單株各部分生物量表 ( kg/株 )年份樹干樹枝樹葉根系全株197814.305.301.164.6725.43197915.

9、605.781.265.1027.74198017.636.541.435.7631.35198119.207.121.556.2734.15198220.747.691.686.7836.89198322.368.291.817.3039.76198424.329.021.977.9543.25198526.609.862.158.6947.31198628.6410.622.329.3650.93198730.8511.442.5010.0854.86198833.3512.362.7010.8959.30198935.6913.232.8911.6663.47199038.3314.21

10、3.1012.5268.17199141.0115.213.3213.4072.93199243.8416.263.5514.3277.97199346.6317.293.7715.2382.93199449.2218.253.9816.0887.53199551.7119.174.1816.8991.96199653.9820.024.3717.6496.01199756.6721.014.5918.51100.78199858.8021.804.7619.21104.58199961.3222.744.9620.03109.04200063.8323.675.1620.85113.5120

11、0166.4024.625.3721.69118.08200268.9425.565.5822.52122.60200371.5326.525.7923.37127.20200474.1827.516.0024.23131.92200577.1228.596.2425.19137.15200679.8929.626.4626.10142.08200781.1230.086.5626.50144.27200885.1331.566.8927.81151.39圖4-4 山楊林分自然稀疏圖4.2.2 山楊生產(chǎn)力研究生產(chǎn)力是指單位面積、單位時(shí)間內(nèi)有機(jī)物的凈生產(chǎn)量?？梢杂脝挝幻娣e和時(shí)間內(nèi)所積累的生物量表

12、示生產(chǎn)力。在計(jì)算每公頃的生物量時(shí)，結(jié)合上文（圖4-4）山楊自然稀疏模型來計(jì)算單位面積的山楊生物量。本文主要是運(yùn)用承德地區(qū)每年每公頃生物量的增加量來表示該地區(qū)山楊的生產(chǎn)力（如下表4-4）。表4-4承德地區(qū)山楊單位面積生產(chǎn)力表年份整株生物量（kg/株）每公頃株數(shù)（株）每公頃生物量（thm-2）生產(chǎn)力（thm-2a-1）197825.434880124.112.17197927.744552126.292.27198031.354100128.553.64198134.153871132.193.39198236.893675135.581.45198339.763446137.034.561984

13、43.253273141.593.82198547.313074145.423.82198650.932930149.233.72198754.862788152.964.44198859.302654157.404.44198963.472550161.843.67199068.172428165.514.73199172.932334170.244.42199277.972240174.664.46199382.932160179.124.42199487.532097183.542.29199591.962021185.832.11199696.011958187.934.2419971

14、00.781907192.182.641998104.581863194.813.771999109.041821198.582.212000113.511769200.793.152001118.081727203.942.692002122.601685206.633.312003127.201651209.953.192004131.921616213.141.262005137.151563214.401.512006142.081520215.912.662007144.271515218.574.602008151.391474223.162.944.3白樺生物量和生產(chǎn)力研究4.3

15、.1 白樺生物量研究本文運(yùn)用生物量模型的方法來估計(jì)白樺生物量（方法同上4.1.1落葉松生物量研究方法）。本文在江洪等人對白樺林分生物量的研究成果及譚緒泉等人研究白樺自然稀疏模型基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地調(diào)查，解析木分析計(jì)算獲得了承德地區(qū)白樺各部分生物量，計(jì)算結(jié)果如下：圖4-5 白樺各部分生物量圖表4-5承德地區(qū)白樺單株各部分生物量表 ( kg/株 )年份樹干樹枝樹葉根系全株19848.635.260.914.4319.2219859.515.801.004.8821.18198610.256.251.085.2622.85198710.976.691.165.6324.45198812.047.351

16、.276.1826.84198913.128.011.386.7429.25199014.198.651.507.2831.62199115.639.531.658.0234.83199216.7510.221.778.6037.33199317.6910.791.869.0839.42199419.0311.612.019.7742.41199520.5312.512.1610.5245.72199621.5613.152.2711.0748.04199722.8113.922.4011.7150.84199824.1714.752.5512.4153.88199925.5215.562.6

17、913.0956.85200027.0116.472.8513.8660.19200128.6017.453.0214.6863.74200230.0218.303.1615.4066.89200331.7519.373.3516.3070.77200433.2220.273.5017.0574.03200535.0221.353.6917.9778.03200636.4922.263.8518.7381.32200738.2723.354.0419.6585.31200840.1224.484.2320.6089.42圖4-6 白樺林分自然稀疏模型4.3.2 白樺生產(chǎn)力研究生產(chǎn)力是指單位面積

18、、單位時(shí)間內(nèi)有機(jī)物的凈生產(chǎn)量?？梢杂脝挝幻娣e和時(shí)間內(nèi)所積累的生物量表示生產(chǎn)力。在計(jì)算每公頃的生物量時(shí)，結(jié)合上文（圖4-6）白樺自然稀疏模型來計(jì)算單位面積的白樺生物量。本文主要是運(yùn)用承德地區(qū)每年每公頃生物量的增加量來表示該地區(qū)白樺的生產(chǎn)力（如下表4-6）。表4-6 承德地區(qū)白樺單位面積生產(chǎn)力表年份整株生物量（kg/株）每公頃株數(shù)（株）每公頃生物量（thm-2）生產(chǎn)力（thm-2a-1）198438.458399161.472.50198542.367742163.971.86198645.697258165.832.16198748.896872167.992.56198853.69635417

19、0.551.85198958.505894172.391.52199063.235501173.922.97199169.655079176.892.26199274.674799179.152.65199378.854612181.801.89199484.834331183.692.15199591.454064185.842.78199696.093926188.622.161997101.673753190.782.091998107.763580192.873.381999113.713452196.262.832000120.383308199.081.632001127.4831

20、49200.711.082002133.783017201.801.472003141.542872203.271.732004148.072769205.001.402005156.072645206.402.662006162.652571209.063.212007170.622488212.271.392008178.852389213.662.214.4 油松生物量和生產(chǎn)力研究4.4.1 油松生物量研究本文運(yùn)用生物量模型的方法來估計(jì)油松生物量（方法同上4.1.1落葉松生物量研究方法）。本文在吳剛、馮宗偉等人對油松林分生物量的研究成果及譚緒泉等人研究油松自然稀疏模型基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地調(diào)

21、查，解析木分析計(jì)算獲得了承德地區(qū)油松各部分生物量，計(jì)算結(jié)果如下：圖4-7 油松各部分生物量比例表4-7 承德地區(qū)油松單株各部分生物量表 ( kg/株 )年份樹干樹枝樹葉根系全株197811.760.720.406.7119.60197913.070.800.457.4621.78198014.130.870.498.0723.55198114.890.920.518.5124.83198215.700.970.548.9626.16198316.541.020.579.4527.57198417.291.060.599.8828.83198517.641.080.6110.0729.41198

22、619.361.190.6711.0632.27198720.621.270.7111.7834.37198821.651.330.7412.3636.09198922.891.410.7913.0738.15199024.471.500.8413.9740.78199127.151.670.9315.5145.26199227.491.690.9515.7045.83199328.421.750.9816.2347.37199429.801.831.0217.0249.68199531.541.941.0818.0152.58199632.061.971.1018.3153.44199732

23、.852.021.1318.7654.75199835.862.211.2320.4859.78199937.422.301.2921.3762.37200038.702.381.3322.1064.51200139.672.441.3622.6566.13200240.812.511.4023.3068.02200342.262.601.4524.1370.44200444.252.721.5225.2773.76200546.772.881.6126.7177.96200648.713.001.6727.8281.20200750.463.101.7428.8284.12200852.133.211.7929.7786.91圖4-8 承德地區(qū)油松林分自然稀疏模型4.4.2 油松生產(chǎn)力研究生產(chǎn)力是指單位面積、單位時(shí)間內(nèi)有機(jī)物的凈生產(chǎn)量?？梢杂脝挝幻娣e和時(shí)間內(nèi)所積累的生物量表示生產(chǎn)力。在計(jì)算每公頃的生物量時(shí)，結(jié)合上文（圖4-6）油松自然稀疏模型來計(jì)算單位面積的油松生物量。本文