（通用版）高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第1部分基礎(chǔ)知識解讀Unit2Theenvironment（B卷）課后分層集訓(xùn)牛津譯林版必修5

1、課后分層集訓(xùn)unit 2the environment （b卷).閱讀理解a(2017湖南省六校聯(lián)考)its nearly 50 years since the us landed men on the moon，but americans are still dying from a disease that ravaged (毀壞） europe in the middle ages.why hasnt the us removed the plague(瘟疫)?the black death caused about 50 million deaths across africa，asi

2、a and europe in the 14th century.it wiped out up to half of europes population.its last terrifying outbreak in london was the great plague of 1665,which killed about a fifth of the citys inhabitants。then there was a 19th century spread of the black death in china and india，which killed more than 12

3、million。but the disease has not been got rid of。it still exists in madagascar，the democratic republic of congo and peru.whats perhaps more surprising is that it is still killing people in the us.there have been 15 cases in the us so far this yearcompared to an average of seven，according to the cente

4、rs for disease control and prevention (cdc）and the figure of four deaths is higher than in any year this century.the bacterium （細(xì)菌) responsibleyersinia pestis-was introduced to the us by rat。infested steamships in 1900，according to daniel epstein of the world health organization （who）“plague was pre

5、tty common，with its widespread outbreak in western port cities.but the last urban plague was in los angeles in 1925。it spread to rural rats and mice，and thats how it became deep。rooted in parts of the us，”he says。the diseasetypically transmitted from animals to humans by fleas-has a 30。to60% death r

6、ate if left untreated。however，antibiotics are effective if patients are diagnosed early.most cases occur in summer，when people spend more time outdoors.“the advice is,take pre。cautions against flea bites and dont handle dead bodies of animals in plague areas，” says epstein.the areas in question are

7、new mexico，arizona，california and colorado，according to the cdc。all of this years cases originated in those states,or in other states west of the 100th meridian(西經(jīng)100度），which dr。 amesh adalja，an infectious disease specialist at the university of pittsburghs center for health security，refers to as “t

8、he plague line”“prairie dogs are the main reservoir(儲藏所) for plague,and they tend to be west of the 100th meridian,” he says.the geography and climate of the western us suits them，he explains，and the fact that they are “social animals” helps the infected fleas to spread.its the existence of this “an

9、imal reservoir that makes the plague hard，if not impossible，to wipe out，experts say.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。像黑死病這樣的瘟疫曾經(jīng)導(dǎo)致世界上許多人死去.但是，時至今日仍有這樣的病例出現(xiàn)，其關(guān)鍵原因是周圍存在著可使這些病毒生存的環(huán)境.1which of the following is the result of the black death?ait used to cause more than 12 million deaths in china and india。bthe number of th

10、e deaths in the usa this year is the highest in history。cit killed about a fifth of the population in africa during the great plague of 1665.dit decreased the population of europe to 50 million in the 14th century。a細(xì)節(jié)理解題.該題提問的是黑死病導(dǎo)致了什么樣的結(jié)果。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知,黑死病致使中國和印度一千二百多萬人死去。故選a。2which of the following

11、has to take the greatest responsibility for the black death？afleas.brats and mice.cyersinia pestis.dprairie dogs。c細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第六段第一句中的“the bacterium (細(xì)菌） responsibleyersinia pestis”可知,對黑死病負(fù)主要責(zé)任的是“yersinia pestis”。故選c.3why is the 100th meridian referred to as “the plague line” by dr。 amesh adalja?athe st

12、ates west of the 100th meridian are heavily populated。bthe summer days in the states west of the 100th meridian are much longer than those in other states.cthere is a lack of antibiotics effective in treating the infected in the states west of the 100th meridian。dthe western us has the geography and

13、 climate that make the infected fleas easy to spread。d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。該題提問的是amesh adalja博士把“西經(jīng)100度”稱為“病毒經(jīng)線”的原因是什么。結(jié)合第八段第二句和第九段內(nèi)容可知，這是因為位于西經(jīng)100度的美國西部的地理位置和氣候使跳蚤感染的病毒易于傳播。故選d。4what is the reason that it is hard to rid the usa of the plague？adead bodies of animals in plague areas are hard to deal with.bthe gover

14、nment has not put much effort.cthe existence of certain animals makes the plague hard to wipe out。dthe black death has so long a history in the usa.c細(xì)節(jié)理解題.該題提問的是美國很難清除瘟疫的原因是什么.根據(jù)最后一段可知，某種動物的存在導(dǎo)致了瘟疫在美國很難被清除。故選c。b（2017長沙長郡中學(xué)高三摸底考試)every few years comes a fitness trend that has people scratching their

15、heads in amazement.“crunning” will probably be one of them.the “c stands for “crawling”(爬行）this new sport needs twolegged humans running on all fours！the funny idea is the brainchild of shaun mccarthy。the 34。yearold is convinced that it will revolutionize fitness as we know it。according to the sport

16、s enthusiast，“the only thing that crunnings changed about fitness is that its changed everything about fitness?！眒ccarthy has no scientific evidence to prove that crunning is more efficient than traditional two。legged running.however，he believes it is a more effective way to exercise because it puts

17、an emphasis on the shoulders and arms，providing a complete body workout.mccarthy also says crunning seems to tire him out more.he therefore concludes that the unconventional exercise is a bigger calorie burner than normal running。while experts generally agree that crunning may provide a better worko

18、ut，many are not sure if it is the right exercise for humans.fitness coach kevin dean says we are not built to be on all fours and our wrists are therefore not as strong as our ankles.he believes crunning，which he calls a fad(時尚），could result in bad wrist and shoulder injuries,not to mention broken n

19、oses.but mccarthy is not worried.since the release of his crunning video a few weeks ago，many melbourne residents have been seen scampering around on all fours。as it turns out they are not the only ones。in the chinese city of zhengzhou，crawling，a much slower version of crunning,has been a favorite a

20、ctivity for many years.according to some enthusiasts，the light exercise that is believed to date back two thousand years to the han dynasty,is good for curing back and spine ailments。ready to give crunning try? then mccarthy recommends investing in some good shoes，hardy gloves and most important of

21、all，a face mask！【語篇解讀】本文講述的是跑步、游泳、打球都能起到強(qiáng)身健體的作用。但是你聽說過通過爬行來健身嗎？這是一種更有效的鍛煉方式，因為它強(qiáng)調(diào)肩部和臂部，提供一個完整的身體鍛煉.在本文中作者介紹了一種新的健身方式爬行.5what can we learn about crawling according to kevin dean?aour ankles are stronger than our wrists.bcrawling is an efficient way to work out。cthe city of zhengzhou is the origin of

22、crawling。dcrawling can burn more calories than normal running.a推理判斷題。根據(jù)kevin dean的理論可知,他認(rèn)為我們的腳踝比我們的手腕更強(qiáng)壯。故選a。6what does the author think of crunning?adangerous.binteresting.cbeneficial。dunbelievable。b推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句the funny idea is the brainchild of shaun mccarthy?？梢酝茢喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為這種健身方式很有趣,故選b。7why does mcc

23、arthy suggest people wearing a face mask when crunning？ato amuse other people。bto avoid being recognized.cto protect the nose from being injured.dto prevent sweat dropping on the ground。c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段末句he believes crunning,which he calls a fad(時尚),could result in bad wrist and shoulder injuries，not to

24、 mention broken noses.可知爬行容易傷到鼻子,故選c.8what is the text mainly about?aa new way of crawling。ba new trend of exercising。ca scientific discovery.da traditional way to keep fit。b主旨大意題。跑步、游泳、打球都能起到強(qiáng)身健體的作用。但在本文中作者介紹了一種新的健身方式爬行。故選b。 【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：92872235】.完形填空（2017大連高三雙基測試)last year i went on holiday to spain.but

25、_1_，after two days in madrid,i started to get severe _2_ pain.i was in such suffering that i went to the local hospital for a（n) _3_no sooner had i arrived than i was _4_ to a small room,and i had not been waiting too long _5_ a surgeon came to examine me。he didnt speak english and i only spoke a fe

26、w words of spanish.he _6_ that i had to remove my clothes and he gave me one of those funny hospital gowns （罩衣) which hardly _7_ anything。he then asked me in spanish if i was embarrassed。“si，un poco(yes，a little），” i replied with my face turning red。you see，not only did i feel embarrassed at _8_ my

27、clothes in front of a stranger but also this _9_ stranger was an extremely handsome man.he looked at me as though i was out of my _10_ and then he quickly _11_ down the passage。i was beginning to _12_ what had happened to him when he suddenly reappeared，this time with a group of _13_ students，and ag

28、ain asked the same question in spanish。now i was feeling _14_，and shouted in english,“yes，im extremely embarrassed.i think you would mind too if you had to talk to a crowd of strangers with almost no clothes on.”then a female doctor in the group _15_ my arm gently and _16_ in perfect english，“i thin

29、k i see the problem.my _17_ wants to take a photograph of your backan x。ray-so he wants to know if you are _18_ a baby。you see,embarazada means pregnant in spanish?！眓o sooner had she told me this than i realized the _19_ of the misunderstanding。we all had a laugh,_20_ i must admit that i felt rather

30、 stupid as well.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了“我”在西班牙度假時的一次尷尬經(jīng)歷.1a。unbearablybunfortunatelycunwillinglydunusuallyb根據(jù)下文的“i started to get severe _2_ pain”可知，不幸的是，在馬德里待了兩天之后，“我”開始感到嚴(yán)重的疼痛。故選b。2a。backbarmcmuscledstomacha根據(jù)第17空后的“wants to take a photograph of your back”可知，選a。3a。appointmentboperationcexaminationdvisi

31、tc根據(jù)第二段中的“and i had not been waiting too long _5_ a surgeon came to examine me可知，“我”去醫(yī)院做了檢查。故選c。4a.invitedbcarriedcshowndwelcomedc根據(jù)語境可知,“我”剛到醫(yī)院就被帶到了一個小小的房間。show“引領(lǐng)，帶領(lǐng)”。故選c。5a.untilbsincecafterdbefored根據(jù)語境可知，“我沒有等太久醫(yī)生就來給“我檢查了。before“在之前”。故選d。6a.urgedbsaidcgestureddadvisedc根據(jù)上文的“he didnt speak englis

32、h and i only spoke a few words of spanish?！笨芍?，他給“我”打手勢(gestured)。故選c。7a.coverbhidecfinddexposea根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，這件罩衣幾乎什么也遮(cover）不住。故選a.8a。putting downbputting onctaking offdtaking awayc根據(jù)常識，去醫(yī)院檢查都是脫掉衣服.故選c。9a.uniquebparticularcawkwarddaggressiveb根據(jù)空后的“an extremely handsome man”可知，此處指這個特殊的陌生人。unique“獨(dú)特的，獨(dú)一無

33、二的”；particular“特殊的,特別的”;awkward“緊張的，不舒適的”;aggressive“好斗的，有進(jìn)取心的”.故選b。10a.mindbideacheartdsighta通讀全文可知,本段的前兩句醫(yī)生問作者懷孕了沒,作者回答“yes，a little”。這時還要做x射線檢查，所以此處意為他看著“我”好像“我”發(fā)瘋了一樣。out of mind“發(fā)瘋”。故選a。11a。wavedbslidcscreamedddisappearedd根據(jù)第12空后面的“when he suddenly reappeared”可知，剛才他“消失（disappeared)了.故選d.12a。findbknowcseedwonderd根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“我”想知道（wonder)他怎么了。13a.medicalbphysicalcexperienceddamateura故事發(fā)生在醫(yī)院里，醫(yī)生再次出現(xiàn)時帶的應(yīng)該是一群醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生。故選a。14a.betterbupsetcstrangeddullb根據(jù)上文醫(yī)生又問“我同樣的問題和下文“我”用英語大喊可知，當(dāng)時“我”是“心煩意亂的(upset）”。故選b.15a。seiz