高考英語語法專題虛擬語氣詳解

1、嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) 收集整理 歡迎使用2013屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)精選 語法專題虛擬語氣1、虛擬語氣在if條件句中的應(yīng)用：從句主句例句現(xiàn)在did / wereshould / would / could / might doif i had time, i would attend the meeting.如果我有時(shí)間的話，我就去開會(huì)。過去had doneshould / would / could / might have doneif he had hurried, he could have caught the train.如果他快點(diǎn)的話，他就能趕上火車了。將來did / werewere

2、 to doshould doshould / would / could / might doif it should/were to rain tomorrow, we would call off the match.如果明天下雨的話，我們將取消比賽。練習(xí)：if it were sunday today, i _ go to school.1. shant b.would not c.cant d.wontif he _ here, he would agree with you.a. was b.is c.were d.will be關(guān)于“主將從現(xiàn)”的問題：“在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中，如

3、果主句中是一般將來時(shí)，從句中則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！?從句 主句 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-一般將來時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)-過去將來時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-將來完成時(shí)if you _, i _ you up at the station.1. will come; will pick b.came; will pickc.will come; pick d.come; pick 助動(dòng)詞-will do（一般將來時(shí)）will 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“意愿”-will do“愿意做.”關(guān)于“倒裝”的問題：“從句中省略if，要使用半倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)，即把should / had / were提到從句的主語之前。”if i were you, i woul

4、d go at once.如果我是你的話，我立刻就離開。were i you, i would go at once.if he had hurried, he could have caught the early bus.如果他快點(diǎn)的話，他就能趕上早班車的。had he hurried, he could have caught the early bus.關(guān)于“主、從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致”的問題：if you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果你聽從我的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)痊愈了。if you had

5、 studied hard before, you would be a collage student now.如果以前你努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)生了。2、表示“建議、命令、要求”的詞： 一個(gè)“堅(jiān)持”-insist 兩個(gè)“命令”-order / command +賓語從句-（should）do. 三個(gè)“建議”-advise / suggest / propose 四個(gè)“要求”-require / request / demand / desire the doctor ordered that the patient （should）be sent to the hospital w

6、ithout delay. 醫(yī)生命令病人應(yīng)該一刻也不耽誤地送往醫(yī)院。 they demanded that the black people （should）be treated as well as white people. 他們要求黑人應(yīng)該和白人受到一樣的待遇。 idea / order suggestion相應(yīng)的名詞形式 advice / demand +that.（表語/同位語從句）-（should）do. requirement request his suggestion that we （should）go to london is nice. 他建議我們?nèi)惗?，真是好極了。

7、his suggestion is that the meeting （should）be put off. 他的建議事會(huì)議延后。 my idea is that we should think it over before accepting it. 我想我們應(yīng)該仔細(xì)考慮后才能接受。 suggested demanded主語從句：it is required +that.（should）do. requested desired it is suggested that the meeting （should）be put off. 有人建議會(huì)議應(yīng)該推遲。 it is advised tha

8、t we （should）think it over and over again before we do it. 有人建議我們?cè)谧鍪轮皯?yīng)該仔細(xì)考慮。 “堅(jiān)持說；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”+that.（不再虛擬） insist “堅(jiān)決要求”+that.（虛擬）特殊情況 “表明；暗示”+that.（不再虛擬） suggest “建議”+that.（虛擬） he insisted that he had never stolen anything. 他堅(jiān)持說他從來沒有偷過東西。 i insisted that you give me my money back. 我堅(jiān)決要求你把錢還我。 his smile s

9、uggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他的微笑表明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿意。 he suggested that we (should) start off at once. 他建議我們馬上出發(fā)。 strange / natural / necessary it is + adj. that .（should）do. important / impossible urgent / essential3、主語從句 a pity it is + n. that.（should）do. a shame no wonder“難怪” it is nece

10、ssary that he listen to the radio frequently. 他很有必要經(jīng)常聽收音機(jī)。 it is a pity that he should fall off his bicycle. 很遺憾，他竟然從自行車上摔下來了。 did / were.（表示現(xiàn)在不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望）4、wish that. had done.（表示過去不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望） should / would / could / might do.（表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望） i wish i knew everything in the world. 要是我什么都懂就好了。 we wish we

11、had arrived there two hours earlier. 要是我們?cè)绲絻蓚€(gè)小時(shí)就好了。 i wish we could go to the seaside someday. 我希望有一天我們能夠去海邊。 did / were.（現(xiàn)在/將來）5、would rather / prefer that. had done.（過去） dont always make noise. id rather / prefer you kept silent. 不要總是吵鬧，我寧愿你保持沉默。 i would rather / prefer i hadnt told him the bad ne

12、ws. 我寧愿沒告訴他那個(gè)壞消息。 did.6、it is （high / about）time that. should do. it is time that the boy should go to school. 這個(gè)孩子該上學(xué)了。 it is high time that the weather improved. 天氣真該好起來了。 did / were.（現(xiàn)在/將來）7、if only. had done.（過去） if only i were a flying bird!要是我是只飛鳥就好了！ if only i had seen the film！要是我看過這部電影就好了！

13、.in case / lest .for fear that 8、 could / should / might / would do. .in order that .so that. she called him lest he should go out. 她給他打電話以防他出去。they left early for fear that they would meet him. 他們很早動(dòng)身以免和他見面。they removed the prisoner in order that he would not disturb the proceedings any further. 他們把犯人帶走以防他干擾審訊的進(jìn)行。 .with. .without. .but for. would / could / should / might have done9、 ，+. .under. would / could / should / might do .or. .otherwise.but for the storm, i would have arrived much earlier. 要不是那場(chǎng)暴雨，我早就到了。without your help, i wouldnt have passed the driving test