【學案】人教版(2019)新教材高中英語選擇性必修第四冊第三單元詞匯學案

1、人教版(2019)新教材高中英語選擇性必修第四冊詞匯學案UNIT THREE 1.tale tel : n. 故事; 敘述 story str：n. 故事; 敘述; 小說; 新聞報道A Tale of Two Cities: 雙城記 (英國作家狄更斯的小說)a fairy/moral/romantic tale： 童話/寓言/愛情故事1)Marco Polos tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.2)Im reading a book about folk tales and

2、ancient legends.3)I love listening to his tales of life across the sea.2. merchant mtnt: n. 商人; 批發(fā)商 adj. 海上貨運的 1)The merchant received a large order of coal/shirts/shoes/rice/wheat.2)The merchant wants to expand his business.3)They have sent their troops to protect the merchant ships.3. set sail: 起航

3、; 開航set sail for.: 起航去某地set sail from.to.: 從某地起航去某地1)However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.2)Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to

4、 the east coast of Africa.3)We will set sail for Japan early tomorrow morning.4. extend kstend: vt. 擴展; 使伸長; 延長extend a fence/road/house: 擴建護欄/公路/房子extend a deadline/visa/visit/life : 延長最后期限/簽證/訪問/生命1)A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centered aro

5、und Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).2)The deadline has been extended by two days.3)The show has been extended for another nine days.4)The city has decided to extend the road to the airport.5. negotiate niet: vt. 商定; 達成(協(xié)議) vi. 談判; 磋商; 協(xié)商negotiation nien: n.談判; 磋商; 協(xié)商negotiate a deal: 達成交易negotiate a settleme

6、nt: 商定解決措施1)Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each others cultures.2)The government will not negotiate with terrorists.3)We have been negotiating for more pay.4)I will negotiate with their coach on the date of the match.

7、5)They negotiated the sale of the house/truck/building.6. fleet flit: n. 艦隊; 機群; 車隊 1)Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.2)A powerful fleet has been concentrated in the South China Sea.3)Theychartered(包租)afleetofplanestocarrytheir soldiersback t

8、othe USA.4)A fleet of ambulances took the injured people to the big hospital.7. behold bhld: vt. ( behold beheld -beheld )看; 看見a sight to behold: 給人印象深刻的人或物; 值得看的人或物hold - held - held (抓住; 抱住; 按住; 頂住; 支撐)1)Last summer we visited an island in the Indian Ocean, whose rocky coastline and long golden be

9、aches were a sight to behold.2)They beheld/saw a bright star shining in the sky.3)The beautiful girl is a joy to behold.4)On the top of the mountain we beheld the night scene of the city.8. league li: n. 等級; 水平; 聯(lián)合會; 聯(lián)賽level: n. 標準; 水平; 層次; 級別1)They are in a different league from us.2)When it comes

10、to cooking, Im not in her league.3)A car like that is out of our league.4)Our club is a member of the Football League.5)Brazil has dropped from second to third place in the league.9. in a league of ones own: 獨領風騷; 獨占鰲頭; 比任何人都做得好1)These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own

11、at that time.2)In terms of economic power, military might and global influence, two countries - China and the US clearly stand in a league of their own.3)It is the US, not China, that stands in a league of its own in its abuses of the environment.4)Most of the applicants were quite strong; they all

12、seemed to have some good qualities, but Lucy Brown was in a league of her own.10. royal rl: adj. 皇家的; 王室的; 高貴的 the royal family: 王室the Royal Navy/Air Force: 英國皇家海軍/空軍king - queen - prince/princessemperor empr(r): n. 皇帝palace pls: n.王宮; 宮殿; 總統(tǒng)府1)My sister studied at the Royal College of Art.2)Royalwe

13、ddingceremonyisoftenheldhere.3)I wonder what our royal friends are doing now?11. spice spas: n. (調味)香料 spicy spasi: adj.用香料調味的; 辛辣的hot：adj. 熱的; 燙的; 辛辣的1)African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices.2)They also carried and traded ot

14、her things like spices, cloth, jewels and gold.3)In the old days, it was made with different spices.12. withdraw wdr: vi.vt. ( withdrew- withdrawn ) (使)撤回; 撤離draw - drew - drawn (v. 畫; 拉; 吸引; 拔出; 提取)1)The American troops were forced to withdrawn.2)He stated that all foreign forces would withdraw as

15、soon as the crisis ended.3)The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn.13. withdraw from.: 退出; 撤回 1)The tennis player withdrew from several tournaments due to injury.2)Both countries will withdraw their troops from the region.3)The American troops were forced to withdrawn from Afghanistan.14. c

16、hanneltnl : n. 航道; 海峽; 頻道 strait: n. 海峽 (短而窄的海峽) channel: n. 海峽 (長而寬的海峽)the English Channel: 英吉利海峽1)Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.2)The captain sailed his ship through the narrow ch

17、annel.3)Whats on Channel 8 tonight?4)We cant get Channel 9 in our area.15. maritime mrtam: adj. 海的; 海運的; 海事的 sea: n. 大海; 海洋(英國常用)ocean n : n. 大海;海洋(美國常用,四大洋用)a maritime museum: 海洋博物館1)The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st century Maritime Silk Road, which is

18、part of the Belt and Road Initiative.2)The meeting discussed many hot topics on maritime law.3)I have passed the deserts and have already seen the maritime empire.16. bond bnd : n. 紐帶; 關系 vt.vi. 增強信任關系; 使牢固結合relation: n. 關系;(人、團體、國家之間的)聯(lián)系; 親戚; 親屬relationship: 關系; (人、團體、國家之間的)聯(lián)系1)The aim of this init

19、iative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.2)Their common experience created a strong bond between them.3)The agreement strengthened the bonds between China and Russia.4)The man was having difficu

20、lty bonding with his children.5)The glue cannot be used to bond wood to metal.17. in hand: 在手頭; 可供使用 1)Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.2)With lots

21、of food and drink in hand, they set off for their picnic.3)It took me great efforts to get these books in hand.4)She always had a great deal of work in hand, but no one ever heard her complain.18. politics pltks : n. 政治; 政治觀點 political pltkl: adj. 政治的politician pltn: n. 政治家; 政客1)As a major figure in

22、 British politics, Churchill was in a league of his own.2)She began studying politics when she was 30 years old.3)The young mans politics are extreme.19. profession prfen : n. 職業(yè); 行業(yè)(指需要經過專業(yè)培訓的職業(yè)，尤指需要較高的受教育水平的職業(yè)。)professionalprfenl: adj. 職業(yè)的; 專業(yè)的; 嫻熟的n. 專門人員;專家; 職業(yè)運動員professor prfes: n. 教授; 專家career

23、 kr(r): n. 職業(yè) (指從事的職業(yè)或希望畢生從事的事業(yè)。)enter/go into/join a profession : 從事/加入/參加一個行業(yè)1)He hopes to enter the medical profession.2)Nurses are leaving the profession for different reasons.3)Her abilities carried her to the top of her profession.4)He does well in his chosen profession.5)I am a teacher by pro

24、fession .6)She started her career as an English teacher at the age of 18.20. tournament tnmnt: n. 錦標賽; 聯(lián)賽league li: n. 聯(lián)賽; 等級; 水平; 聯(lián)合會a golf/tennis/badminton tournament : 高爾夫球/網球/羽毛球錦標賽1)The tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals.2)He has made up his mind not to join in the tournament

25、.3)The tournament is restricted to players under the age of 17.4)Her victory in the tournament earned her 200,000 dollars.21. mixture mkst(r) : n. 混合; 結合體; 混合物mixmks: v.(使)混合; 融合; 調配n.混合; 混雜; 配料; 混合料1)Reaching out across the sea isoftenamixtureofdangerand boredom.2)The city is a mixture of old and n

26、ew buildings.3)You should add the eggs to the mixture and beat well.22. laptop lptp: n. 筆記本電腦; 便攜式電腦notebook: n. 筆記本; 筆記本電腦desktopcomputer: 臺式電腦1)He also emailed his family using his laptop, telling them about his experiences around the world.2)She used to work at her laptop until four in the mornin

27、g.3)One day as I was sitting in a coffee shop. I noticed a girl working on her laptop.23. coverage kvrd : n. 新聞報道(U.); 覆蓋范圍cover: v. 采訪; 報道cover a conference/game/the earthquake/the Olympic Games: 報道會議/比賽/地震/奧運會story：n. 新聞報道; 故事; 小說media/newspaper coverage : 媒體/報紙的報道1)When the journey ended, Zacs ad

28、venture received widespread media coverage.2)Now many TV networks give live coverage of most games.3)The election was given enough coverage on TV and newspapers.4)The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject much coverage.24. press conference: 記者招待會; 新聞發(fā)布會hold/give a press conference

29、: 舉行記者招待會at the press conference: 在記者招待會/新聞發(fā)布會上1)At his press conference, he talked about how passion and courage made his dream come true.2)The US President will give a press conference tomorrow morning.3)The press conference was broadcast live on TV.4)The press conference concluded at five oclock.

30、25. applaud pld : vt. & vi. 鼓掌 vt. 稱贊; 贊賞applause plz: n. 鼓掌; 喝彩1)The crowd stood to applaud the scientists for their important ocean research work.2)In a classical music concert, the audience applauded politely at the end of the perfomance.3)All of us applaud her decision.4)Her mother applaud her f

31、or having the courage to refuse.26. tax tks: vt. 對征稅; 使納稅n. 稅; 稅款free of tax: 免稅raise/cut/lower/pay taxes : 增加稅/削稅/降稅/納稅income tax: 所得稅tax sb/sth: 對征稅be heavily/lightly taxed: 被征重稅/被征稅少1)It is a good idea to tax plastic bottles so that people use them less.2)The president declared that the country w

32、ill tax the rich people.3)Cigarettes are heavily taxed in many countries.4)The actress cant pay her tax and is facing court action.5)The government failed to keep its promise of lower taxes.6)Does the price include tax?27. manned mnd : adj. 有人控制的; 需人操縱的 manned space flight: 載人航天a manned spaceship: 載

33、人宇宙飛船a manned spacecraft: 載人宇宙飛船/航天器1)In the near future China should have a manned spacecraft on Mars/the moon.2)China is now in the second phase of its manned space program.3)Many scientists are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars.28. submersible sbmsbl : n. 潛水器; 可潛船maritime mrtam: adj.

34、海的; 海運的; 海事的1) The manned submersible dived to a depth of 10907 metres in June, 2020.2)Manned submersibles, like spaceships, must maintain living conditions in an unnatural environment.29. underwater ndwt(r): adv. 在水下adj. 水下的1)The Jiaolong manned submersible is said to be able to reach 7 km underwat

35、er.2)Take a deep breath and see how long you can stay underwater.3)Theunderwaterworldisreallyfascinating.30. coral krl : n. 珊瑚(U.)a coral island/reef : 珊瑚島/礁1)Althoughthecorallookshard,itisverydelicate.2)Coralcanbeyellow,blue,orgreen.3)Coral needs certain conditions in order to live.31. migration ma

36、ren: n. 遷移; 遷徙; 移居immigrantmrnt : n.(外來)移民; 外僑move to.: 搬到.1)They have led some birds to give up on migration.2)The migration is an important aspect of learning process.3)The diagram shows the distribution and migration of population in Chinese history.4)Swallows begin their migration south in autum

37、n.32. directory drektri : n. 名錄; 電話號碼簿; (計算機文件或程序的)目錄album lbm: n. 影集; 集郵簿; 音樂/歌曲專輯contents: n. 目錄a telephone directory: 電話號碼簿1)They will be added to the directory so we can identify them in the future.2) I couldnt find your name in the telephone directory.3)Her name is listed in the telephone direc

38、tory.4)Create a new directory and put all your files into it.33. meanwhile minwal : adv. 與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下 = meantime = in the meanwhile/meantimefor the meanwhile: 一會兒; 暫時1)Meanwhile, we also noted their location, so we can track their movements and plottheir migration path.2)The doctor will see you

39、again next week. Meanwhile, you must rest as much as possible.3)I went to college. Meanwhile, all my friends got well-paid jobs.34. exploit ksplt: vt. 開發(fā); 利用; 剝削develop dvelp: v. 發(fā)展; 變化; 開發(fā)1)When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it.2)No resources have yet been expl

40、oited in Antarctica.3)You must exploit all your spare time to learn English.4)The bosses exploited the workers with long hours and low pay.35. gallon ln : n. 加侖(容積單位，1英制加侖約等于4.5升) litre/liter lit(r): n.升(容量單位)1)The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010.2)The

41、price of petrol is coming down by four pence a gallon.3)My red car will do fifty miles per gallon.4)The car used 15 gallons of petrol for the journey.5)A person should drink at least a gallon of water each day.36. murder md(r): vt. 謀殺; 兇殺; 毀壞 n. 謀殺; 兇殺murderer: n. 殺手; 兇手an attempted murder: 未遂謀殺comm

42、it (a) murder : 犯謀殺罪a murder case/investigation/trial : 兇殺案件/調查/審判kill: v. 殺死; 弄死; 扼殺; 導致死亡; 毀滅; 破壞killer: n.殺人者; 殺手1)The Australian soldiers are responsible for the mass murder of 400 civilians.2)Last month he murdered the woman for the money.3)She has been charged with the attempted murder of her

43、husband.4)The man denies murdering his wifes lover.5)It is a beautiful folk song, but the singer murdered it.37. mercy msi : n. 仁慈; 寬恕; 恩惠merciful msfl: 仁慈的; 寬容的; 慈悲的at the mercy of.: 任由.擺布show no mercy to .: 對.殘酷無情have mercy on someone: 憐憫; 對.發(fā)慈悲leave.to the mercy of.: 任由.擺布/宰割1)Although this was b

44、anned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.2)The criminal got down on his knees and begged for mercy.3)The Japanese soldiers showed no mercy to the average people.4)Im not going to put myself at the mercy of the bank.38. possession pzen: n. (usually

45、 pl.)個人財產; 擁有; 控制belongings: 所有物; 財物be in ones possession: 歸某人所有be in possession of sth: 擁有/占有/持有.have . in ones possession: 擁有/占有/持有.have possession of.: 擁有take possession of.: 擁有/占有.; 拿到.1)The sea is home to life, not human beings possessions.2)In the war those people lost their homes and all thei

46、r possessions.3)Those priceless paintings are now in the possession of Taiwan.39. opponent pnnt : n. 反對者; 對手; 競爭者oppose pz: v.反對; 抵制; 與角逐oppose doing: 反對做be opposed to 名詞/doing: 反對(做)1)Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future.2)In the final match, his opponents wil

47、l be stronger and more experienced.3)Heknockedhisopponentdownthreetimesinthefirstround.40. log l l: vt. 把載入正式記錄; 記錄 n. 正式記錄; 日志; 原木keep a log: 記日志sleep like a log: 沉睡; 酣睡record: v. 記錄; 記載; 錄制; 錄(音); 錄(像)diary: n. 日記; 日志journal: n. 日記; 日志 (常與 diary 換用)log: n. 正式記錄; 日志 (尤指航海日志、飛行日志或航行記錄)1)Logging new

48、species will improve our understanding of life on the earth.2) They will log everyone and everything that comes in and out of here.3)After finishing his workout, he updated his fitness log.4)The captain described the accident in the ships log.5)They floated the logs down the river to the towns.41. marine mrin : adj. 海的; 海產的; 海生的 maritime mrtam: adj. 海的; 海運的; 海事的1)Pollution can harm marine life.2)Marine creatures are those that live in the sea.3)The new marine reserve, now the largest in the Pacific Ocean, will permit no