化學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯

1、化學(xué)常用詞匯漢英對(duì)照表氨基酸銨鹽飽和鏈烴s a t ur at edal i p ha t i chy dr ocar bonbenzene變性d e n a t u r a t ion不飽和烴uns a t ur at edhydr ocar bon超導(dǎo)材料super c onduc t i vema t e r i a lozone次氯酸鉀pot as sium hypoc hlo r i t e醋酸鈉sodiu m a c e ta t e蛋白質(zhì)p r o t e in氮族元素ni t r o gen g r ou p ele me n t碘化鉀肥皂p o t a s s i u m i

2、 o d i d e碘化鈉sodi u mi o di d e電化學(xué)腐蝕el ec t r oc hemi cal cor r osi on電解質(zhì)ele c t ro l y t e電離平衡i oni z ati o n eq ui li br i u m電子云e l e c t r o ncloud淀粉s t arch淀粉碘化鉀試紙starch potassium iodide paper二氧化氮n i t rogend i ox i d e二氧化硅s i li c o nd i ox i d e二氧化硫sulphurd i ox i d e二氧化錳ma n ganesedi ox i d

3、e芳香烴arene放熱反響ex ot he r mi cr e ac t i on非極性分子non-po l armo le c ul e非極性鍵non- p o larbondsoap酚復(fù)合材料干電池干餾甘油高分子化合共價(jià)鍵pcdd r y d igl物covahenols t i l l a t i o n官能團(tuán)f u n c t i on a l光化學(xué)煙霧phot ochemi c al f og過(guò)氧化氫hydr ogen per ox i de合成材料sy nt het i c合成纖維s y n t he t i c合成橡膠s y nt he t i cr ubb er電荷數(shù)n uc

4、l earc h ar g e核素nuc化學(xué)反響速率c h e mi c a l r e a c t i o n r a t e化 學(xué) 鍵 c h e m i c a l b o n d化學(xué)平衡che m icalequi l i br i um復(fù)原劑reducingagent磺化反響sulfon a t ionr ea ct i on霍爾槽HullCe極性分子pol a rmol e c u l e極性鍵po l arbond加成反響additionrea c t i o n加 聚 反 應(yīng) a d d i t i o n p o l y me r i z a t i o n甲 烷 m e t

5、 h a n e堿 金 屬 a l k a l i me t a l堿 石 灰 s o d a l i m e結(jié) 構(gòu) 式 s t r u c t u r a l f o r mu l a聚合反響p o 1 y me r i可逆反響r ever s i bl er eac t i on空氣污染指數(shù)a i r pol l ut i on i nde x勒夏特列原理Le Chat el i er s pr i nc i pl e離子反響on離子方程式on離子鍵onibon鋰電池um兩性氫氧化物a mp h o t e richy dr ox i de兩性氧化物c o x i de裂化in裂解yros

6、i硫氰化鉀po t a shiocyan at e硫酸鈉sod氯化銨a m moum氯化鋇arordeposi:口口alnimagnesienchlor氯化鐵氯水麥芽糖 煤 酶 摩爾 摩爾質(zhì)量 品紅葡萄糖氣體摩爾體積鉛蓄電池強(qiáng)電解質(zhì)氫氟酸氫氧化鋁取代反響醛coenz炔烴mo l a rl ead s ts t r ongchl o r i de e w a t e rt o s ealy m eo l ea r m a s sf u c h s i n eucosev o l u m e o f g a sor age ba t t er ye l ect r ol y t ehy dr o

7、genc hl or i desubs t ialni um hy dr oxi det ut i on r eac t i ondehyde燃料電池uel弱電解質(zhì)weakelect石油Petreum水解反響hy dr olysieac t ion四氯化碳c ar bonac hl orde塑料tic塑料的降解pl a ston塑料的老ng酸堿中和滴定acid-base neutralization titration酸雨acidai羧酸xy碳酸sodonat碳酸氫a m mocarbona碳酸氫鈉sodcarona糖類caydathyarbo烴的衍生物athydocarbon烴基h y d

8、r o c a rbony同分異構(gòu)體同素異形體同位素sotope系物h o m o 1og涂料coatng烷烴alkane物質(zhì)的量s u b s t a n c e物質(zhì)的量濃度amount - of - subst anc econ cent r a t i on of烯洗滌纖維相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量相對(duì)原子質(zhì)烴劑d素cr e l a t ir e l a ta l k ee te r ge llu lv e m o l e c u li v e a t o mineentose消去反響eli m i n a t i o n硝化反響n i t r a t l o n硝酸鋇umni硝酸銀溴的四氯化碳溶液

9、solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride溴化鈉odiuro溴水brinwa溴水mi鹽類的olisofltut鹽析st氧化劑agen:口口alxixiolthhy乙烯en銀鏡反響s i l v e r m i r r o r r e a c t i o n硬脂酸油脂and有機(jī)化合物c o m p o u n d元素周期表e l e me n t s元素周期律原電池b a t t e r y原子序數(shù)皂化反響saponion粘合劑adhesve蔗糖sucose指示劑catorester酯化反響on周期p e r i o dg r o u p ( 主 族

10、： m a i nBunsenburner本生燈prdi c atduct學(xué)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)paratusPHgre,ib值指示劑, 氫離子 濃度的負(fù)指數(shù)指示劑筒,蒸八、s t i ecgr a t o a t o a t o m elc e iisr r i n g r o d 攪 拌 棒 l e m e n t 元 素 body物體o m p o u n d 化 合 物 atom原子a m a t o m 克 原 子 m icw e i ght原子量m icn u m ber原子數(shù)m i c m a s s 原 子 質(zhì) 量o l e c u l ee c t r o l y t eaniona t

11、i o nl e c t r o nsotope分子電解質(zhì)離子陰離子陽(yáng)離子電子同位素同分異物現(xiàn)象pol聚合物s y m b o復(fù)合adical分子式valencev a l e n c yovalent單價(jià)a l e n thalogen成鹽元素bond原子的聚合mixt混合on合成作用o m p o und合成物organiali n o r g a n i cderser合金vees有機(jī)化學(xué)無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)衍生物系列hydrochlo r icsulphuricnitricaaquaforfattyaca c i d 鹽 酸 aci d硫酸cid硝酸t(yī)is王水i d 脂 肪 酸or gani c

12、aci d 有機(jī) 酸h y dr os u l ph ur i c氫硫酸hydrogens u l f i d e氫化硫alkal堿,強(qiáng)堿mmoasydrat水合物h y d r o x ide氫氧化物羥化物hydraci氫酸hydrocarbon碳?xì)浠衔颽nhydrdea l k a loi生物堿a l d e h y d eoxide氧化物phosphat磷酸鹽cet醋酸鹽hane甲烷,沼氣butane丁烷saltumcarbonat碳酸鉀oda蘇打sodiumcarbonat碳酸鈉potash苛性鉀caustsoda苛性鈉estergel凝膠體analysi分解on分餾exotr e

13、a c t i o n 放 熱 反 應(yīng)p i t a t ion沉淀topi沉淀toto蒸餾toon蒸餾totocaloxinization煅燒氧化堿化to脫氧氧化toneut中和tohydrogenat氫化toh y d r a t e水合水化todehydrat脫水eron發(fā)酵solu t i o n溶解燃燒m e l t i n g熔解堿性a l k a l i同分異物現(xiàn)象hydrolysi水解elect電解elect電極anod陽(yáng)極正極cathode陰極負(fù)極c a t a lyst催化劑ysi催化作用on氧化educer復(fù)原劑dissol分解synthesi合成sibl可逆的Actin

14、ium(Ac) 錒Aluminium(Al) 鋁 Americium(Am) 镅 Antimony(Sb) 銻 Argon(Ar) 氬 Arsenic(As) 砷 Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 鋇Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 鈹Bismuth(Bi) 鉍Boron(B) 硼B(yǎng)romine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 鎘Caesium(Cs) 銫Calcium(Ca) 鈣Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 鈰Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 鉻Cobalt(Co) 鈷Copper(

15、Cu) 銅Curium(Cm) 鋦Dysprosium(Dy) 鏑Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 鉺Europium(Eu) 銪Fermium(Fm) 鐨Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 鈁Gadolinium(Gd) 釓Gallium(Ga) 鎵Germanium(Ge) 鍺Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 鉿Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 鈥Hydrogen(H) 氫Indium(In) 銦Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 銥Iron(Fe) 鐵Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 鑭Lawre

16、ncium(Lr) 鐒Lead(Pb) 鉛Lithium(Li) 鋰Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 鎂Manganese(Mn) 錳Mendelevium(Md) 鍆 Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 鉬Neodymium(Nd) 釹Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni)鎳Niobium(Nb)鈮Nitrogen(N)氮Nobelium(No)锘Osmium(Os) 鋨Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd)鈀Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt)鉑Plutonium(Pu)钚Polonium

17、(Po)釙Potassium(K)鉀Praseodymium(Pr) 鐠Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 鏷Radium(Ra)鐳Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re)錸Rhodium(Rh)銠Rubidium(Rb)銣Ruthenium(Ru) 釕Samarium(Sm) 釤Scandium(Sc)鈧Selenium(Se)硒Silicon(Si)硅Silver(Ag)銀Sodium(Na)鈉Strontium(Sr)鍶Sulphur(S)锍Tantalum(Ta)鉭Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te)碲Terbium(Tb)鋱Th

18、allium(Tl)鉈Thorium(Th)釷Tin(Sn) 錫Thulium(Tm)銩Titanium(Ti)鈦Tungsten(W)鎢Uranium(U)鈾Vanadium(V)釩Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 鐿Yttrium(Y) 釔Zinc(Zn) 鋅Zirconium(Zr) 鋯1. The Ideal-Gas Equation理想氣體狀態(tài)方程2. Partial Pressures分壓3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior真實(shí)氣體：對(duì)理想氣體行為的偏離4. The van der Waals Equation范德

19、華方程5. System and Surroundings 系統(tǒng)與環(huán)境6. State and State Functions 狀態(tài)與狀態(tài)函數(shù)7. Process 過(guò)程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics熱力學(xué)第一定律10. Heat and Work 熱與功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes吸熱與發(fā)熱過(guò)程12. Enthalpies of Reactions反響熱13. Hess s Law 蓋斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation生成焓15. Reaction Rates

20、 反響速率16. Reaction Order 反響級(jí)數(shù)17. Rate Constants 速率常數(shù)18. Activation Energy活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation阿累尼烏斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反響機(jī)理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化劑22. Heterogeneous Catalysis非均相催化劑23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant25. the Direction of Reaction平衡常數(shù)反響方向26. Le Chatelier s Pri

21、nciple列沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 體積，壓力，溫度變化以及催化劑的影響28. Spontaneous Processes 自發(fā)過(guò)程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy)熵標(biāo)準(zhǔn)熵30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 熱力學(xué)第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵變32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自由能變33. Acid-Bases 酸堿34. The Dissoci

22、ation of Water水離解35. The Proton in Water 水合質(zhì)子36. The pH Scales pH 值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和堿38. Proton-Transfer Reactions質(zhì)子轉(zhuǎn)移反響39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs共軛酸堿對(duì)酸堿的相對(duì)強(qiáng)度40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸堿42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions金屬離子的

23、水解43. Buffer Solutions緩沖溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同離子效應(yīng)45. Buffer Capacity緩沖容量46. Formation of Complex Ions配離子的形成47. Solubility溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp溶度積常數(shù)49. Precipitation and separation of Ions離子的沉淀與別離50. Selective Precipitation of Ions離子的選擇沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

24、氧化復(fù)原反響52. Oxidation Number 氧化數(shù)53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations氧化復(fù)原反響方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反響55. Galvani Cell 原電池56. Voltaic Cell伏特電池57. Cell EMF 電池電動(dòng)勢(shì)58. Standard Electrode Potentials標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電極電勢(shì)59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents氧化劑和復(fù)原劑60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis電解62. The Wav

25、e Behavior of Electrons電子的波動(dòng)性63. Bohr s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氫原子的波爾模型64. Line Spectra 線光譜65. Quantum Numbers 量子數(shù)66. Electron Spin電子自旋67. Atomic Orbital原子軌道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s(p，d，f )軌道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多電子原子70. Energies of Orbital軌道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle泡林不相容原理72.

26、Electron Configurations電子構(gòu)型73. The Periodic Table周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers同位素，原子數(shù)， 質(zhì)量數(shù)77. Periodic Properties of the Elements元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半徑79. Ionization Energy電離能80. Electronegativity電負(fù)性81. Effective Nuclear Charge有效核電荷82. Electron Affinit

27、ies親電性83. Metals 金屬84. Nonmetals 非金屬85. Valence Bond Theory 價(jià)鍵理論86. Covalence Bond 共價(jià)鍵87. Orbital Overlap軌道重疊88. Multiple Bonds 重鍵89. Hybrid Orbital雜化軌道90. The VSEPR Model 價(jià)層電子對(duì)互斥理論91. Molecular Geometries 分子空間構(gòu)型92. Molecular Orbital分子軌道93. Diatomic Molecules 雙原子分子94. Bond Length 鍵長(zhǎng)95. Bond Order 鍵級(jí)

28、96. Bond Angles 鍵角97. Bond Enthalpies 鍵能98. Bond Polarity鍵矩99. Dipole Moments 偶極矩100. Polarity Molecules 極性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶體結(jié)構(gòu)103. Non-Crystal 非晶體104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆積105. Metallic Solids 金屬晶體106. Metallic Bond 金屬鍵107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids離

29、子晶體109. Ion-Dipole Forces 離子偶竭力110. Molecular Forces 分子間力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子間作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氫鍵113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶體114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes配合物的命名，組成和結(jié)構(gòu)116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 電荷數(shù)、配位數(shù)、及幾何

30、構(gòu)型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象119. Structural Isomerism 結(jié)構(gòu)異構(gòu)120. Stereoisomerism 立體異構(gòu)121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes八面體構(gòu)型配合物的電子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes四面體和平面四邊形配合物124. General Characteristics共性125. s-Block Elements s 區(qū)元素126. Alkali

31、Metals 堿金屬127. Alkaline Earth Metals堿土金屬128. Hydrides 氫化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 過(guò)氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氫氧化物132. Salts 鹽133. p-Block Elements p 區(qū)元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 鎵，銦，鉈)135. Borane 硼烷硼族硼，鋁，136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germ

32、anium, Tin, Lead) 碳族(碳，硅，鍺，錫，鉛137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳碳酸，碳酸鹽，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸鹽硅的存在和制備141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 銻，鉍)142. Am

33、monia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides磷酸鹽，鹵化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium)氮族磷，砷，氧族元素氧，硫，硒，碲145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，過(guò)氧化氫146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine)148. Halides, Chloride鹵化物，氯化物149.

34、 The Noble Gases 稀有氣體鹵素氟，氯，溴，碘150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有氣體化合物151. d-Block elements d 區(qū)元素152. Transition Metals 過(guò)渡金屬153. Potassium Dichromate 重鉻酸鉀154. Potassium Permanganate 高錳酸鉀155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury鐵，銅，鋅，汞156. f-Block Elements f 區(qū)元素157. Lanthanides 鑭系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Che

35、mistry 核化學(xué)160. Nuclear Fission 核裂變161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚變162. analytical chemistry分析化學(xué)163. qualitative analysis定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化學(xué)分析166. instrumental analysis 儀器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法regent 試劑 chromatographic analysis 色譜分析 produ

36、ct 產(chǎn)物 electrochemical analysis電化學(xué)分析on-line analysis 在線分析 macro analysis 常量分析 characteristic 表征 micro analysis微量分析deformation analysis 形態(tài)分析 semimicro analysis 半微量分析 systematical error 系統(tǒng)誤差 routine analysis 常規(guī)分析 random error 偶然誤差arbitration analysis 仲裁分析 gross error 過(guò)失誤差 normal distribution 正態(tài)分布 accur

37、acy 準(zhǔn)確度 deviation precisionrelative standard deviation coefficient variation confidence level confidence interval significant test significant figure standard solution titration stoichiometric point end point titration error primary standard amount of substancestandardization chemical reaction conce

38、ntrationchemical equilibrium titer偏差 精密度相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差 RSD 變異系數(shù) CV 置信水平 置信區(qū)間 顯著性檢驗(yàn) 有效數(shù)字 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液 滴定 化學(xué)計(jì)量點(diǎn) 滴定終點(diǎn) 滴定誤差 基準(zhǔn)物質(zhì) 物質(zhì)的量化學(xué)反響 濃度化學(xué)平衡滴定度general equation for a chemical reaction proton theory of acid-base acid-base titration dissociation constant conjugate acid-base pair acetic acid hydronium ion electrolyte化

39、學(xué)反響的通式 酸堿質(zhì)子理論 酸堿滴定法 解離常數(shù) 共軛酸堿對(duì) 乙酸 水合氫離子 電解質(zhì)169.170.171.172.173.174.175.176.177.178.179.180.181.182.183.184.185.186.187.188.189.190.191.192.193.194.195.196.197.198.199.200.201.202.203.204.205.206.207.208.209.210.211.212.213.214.215.216.217.218.219.220.221.222.223.224.225.226.227.228.229.230.231.232.2

40、33.234.235.236.237.238.239.240.241.242.243.244.245.246.247.248.249.250.251.252.253.254.255.256.257.258.ion-product constant of water ionizationproton condition zero level buffer solution methyl orange acid-base indicator phenolphthalein coordination compound center ion cumulative stability constant

41、alpha coefficient overall stability constant ligand ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid side reaction coefficient coordination atom coordination number lone pair electron chelate compound metal indicator chelating agent masking demasking electron水的離子積 電離 質(zhì)子平衡 零水準(zhǔn) 緩沖溶液 甲基橙 酸堿指示劑 酚酞 配位化合物 中心離子累積穩(wěn)定常數(shù) 酸效應(yīng)系

42、數(shù) 總穩(wěn)定常數(shù) 配位體乙二胺四乙酸 副反響系數(shù) 配位原子 配位數(shù) 孤對(duì)電子 螯合物 金屬指示劑 螯合劑 掩蔽解蔽電子catalysis oxidation catalyst reduction catalytic reaction reaction rate electrode potential activation energy redox couple potassium permanganate iodimetry potassium dichromate cerimetry redox indicator oxygen consuming chemical oxygen demand

43、ed 催化氧化催化劑復(fù)原催化反響反響速率電極電勢(shì)反響的活化能氧化復(fù)原電對(duì)高錳酸鉀碘量法重鉻酸鉀鈰量法 氧化復(fù)原指示 耗氧量( OC) 化學(xué)需氧量 (COD)dissolved oxygen溶解氧 (DO)precipitation 沉淀反響 argentimetry銀量法heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相離子平衡259.260.261.262.263.264.265.266.267.268.269.270.271.272.273.274.275.276.277.278.279.280.281.282.283.284.285.286.287.288.289.

44、290.291.292.293.294.295.296.297.298.299.300.301.302.303.aging postprecipitation coprecipitation ignition fitration decantation chemical factor spectrophotometry colorimetry transmittance absorptivity calibration curve standard curve monochromatorsource陳化繼沉淀 共沉淀 灼燒過(guò)濾傾瀉法化學(xué)因數(shù) 分光光度法 比色分析 透光率 吸光率 校正曲線 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

45、曲線單色器光源wavelength dispersion absorption cell detector bathochromic shift Molar absorptivity hypochromic shift acetylene 乙炔 ethylene 乙烯 acetylating agent acetic acid 乙酸色散 吸收池 檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) 紅移 摩爾吸光系數(shù)紫移乙酰化劑adiethyl ether乙醚ethyl alcohol 乙醇 acetaldehtde 乙醛B -dicarbontl compound bimolecular eliminationB -二羰基化合物雙分子

46、消除反響bimolecular nucleophilic substitution雙分子親核取代反響open chain compound 開鏈族化合物molecular orbital theory 分子軌道理論chiral molecule 手性分子tautomerism 互變異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象reaction mechanism 反響歷程 chemical shift 化學(xué)位移 Walden inversio 瓦爾登反轉(zhuǎn) n Enantiomorph 對(duì)映體 addition rea ction 加成反響 dextro- 右旋 levo- 左旋 stereochemistry 立體化學(xué) stere

47、o isomer立體異構(gòu)體Lucas reagent盧卡斯試劑304.305.306.307.308.309.310.311.312.313.314.315.316.317.318.319.320.321.322.323.324.325.326.327.328.329.330.331.332.333.334.335.336.337.338.339.340.341.342.343.344.345.346.347.348.covalent bond 共價(jià)鍵 conjugated diene 共軛二烯烴 conjugated double bond 共軛雙鍵 conjugated system 共軛體系 conjugated effect 共軛效應(yīng) isomer 同分異構(gòu)體 isomerism 同分異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象 organic chemistry 有機(jī)化學(xué) hybridization 雜化 hybrid orbital 雜化軌道 heterocyclic compound 雜環(huán)化合物 peroxide effect 過(guò)氧化物效應(yīng) t valence bond theory 價(jià)鍵理論 sequence rule 次序規(guī)