新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第四冊第五單元sectiona課件ppt

1、speaking chinese in americaforeigh language teaching and research press air force engineering univertisyeach of us is like everybody else in some ways (universal behaviors), like the people in our culture in some other ways (cultural behaviors), and like no one else at all in still other ways (perso

2、nal behaviors). craig storti (american scholar)our incapacity to comprehend other cultures stems from our insistence on measuring things in our own terms. arthur erickson (canadian architect)5unit 5unitspeaking chinese in americato talk about a stereotype of chinese language and culture to further u

3、nderstand the textto apply the phrases and patternsto master the paragraph (essay) writing skill5unitwarming-up activities text study language application summary5unitwarming-up activities1. some westerners think that chinese people tend to avoid saying “no” directly. what are the common ways in whi

4、ch the chinese express disagreement, rejection or refusal in daily communication? chinese people generally use expressions like “possibly no” or “im afraid it wont work” to say “no” to others. this makes them less direct in giving rejections. 2. are all chinese so “discreet and modest” that there ar

5、ent even words for “no”? no. when people with greater authority or power say “no” to those in a lower status (e.g. parents to children), they can be very direct and straightforward, e. g. “absolutely no”.1. what are the common structures americans use to compliment each other? (a) what a ! (e.g. “wh

6、at a nice hat!”) (b) _. (give one structure and one example) 2. are there any differences between chinese and american cultures in how people compliment each other and how they respond to a compliment? listen to a radio program on compliments in american english. complete the answers to the followin

7、g questions according to what you hear. 1. what are the common structures americans use to compliment each other? (a) what a ! (e.g. “what a nice hat!”) (b) _ (give one structure and one example) i like your (e.g. “i like your hat.”) i love your (e.g. “i love your shoes.”)2. are there any difference

8、s between chinese and american cultures in how people compliment each other and how they respond to a compliment? yes, the traditional way is to say something to show that we or the object we own is not that good. for example, we may say “哪里” (meaning “it is nothing”). but in modern days, many peopl

9、e have adopted the english way of responding to a compliment. they say “thank you” very often too.china is casting such a huge _ on the united states that many americans are _ to l e a r n t h e c h i n e s e l a n g u a g e _ retain their competitive edge. “interest in learning chinese among americ

10、an youth and their parents has grown dramatically in the past five years.” listen to a short passage and fill in the missing information.shadow to be continuedscrambling in a bid to said vivien stewart, vice president at the asia society, a us group trying to _ between americans and the peoples of a

11、sia and the pacific. chinas dramatic rise to near superpower _ and its telling effects politically, economically, bridge the gapstatus listen to a short passage and fill in the missing information.to be continuedand _ are driving the interest to learn the language, experts say. from_ to high schools

12、, studies by the asia society show, there is a “rapid rise” in _ among pupils to study the chinese language. ”culturallykindergartenslisten to a short passage and fill in the missing information.to be continuedinterestthe chinese rich cultural traditions and blossoming economy mean that is now _ all

13、 of our students to be better prepared to engage them and _ opportunities together,” said michael levine, asia societys executive director of education. essential forlisten to a short passage and fill in the missing information.seize questions previewing1. what does chinese americans refer to? 2. wh

14、at stereotypes of chinese americans are depicted in the media?chinese americans3. what are the popular columns in the history of the new york times magazine? 1. what does chinese americans refer to?the term “chinese americans” refers to americans of chinese descent. it also includes those with parti

15、al chinese ancestry.the united arab emirates2. what stereotypes of chinese americans are depicted in the media? chinese americans are “foreign” and “unassimilated”. chinese are alien predators. chinese americans are restricted to clichd occupations. chinese americans are polite. chinese americans as

16、 a whole are a model minority.the united arab emirates3. what are the popular columns in the history of the new york times magazine?some of the popular columns in the history of the magazine are “on language”, “the ethicist”, “consumed”, and “the funny pages”.the united arab emirates text study5unit

17、why did the authors mother describe her sau-sau by using the expression “nominal courtesy” at the dinner? (para.1)she just pretended to be polite. (ate up the dish in the end; although she didnt want it at first.)when the authors mother offered the lastscallop from the garlic seafood dish, sau-saus

18、response: (para.2)sighed.(para. 7)full, im already full. (para.5)byao, zhen byao!(para.3)what did the authors mother suggest as the right way for the chinese to respond at the dinner table in america? (para. 8) they say directly whether they want to have anything or not. they would rather than refus

19、e for the sake of politeness even if they in fact want to eat it.a story about a family dinner to introduce the topic of the essay, i.e. whether chinese languageand culture are _.part i (paras. 1- _)9 indirect and politehow did the article in the new york times magazine describe chinese language and

20、 culture? (para.10)main ideas of the partsit said that chinese language and culture were very indirect and polite.as any child of immigrant parents knows, there is a special kind of _ attached to knowing two languages. (para.12)double bindwhy did the authors parents scold her when she answered them

21、with a question? (paras.13-17)they thought that she was notrespectful if she questioned them.if i consider my upbringing carefully, i find there was nothing _ about the chinese language i grew up with, no censorship for the sake of _. my parents made everything abundantly clear in their _ demands: “

22、of course you will become a famous aerospace engineer,” they prodded. (para.18)discreetpolitenessconsecutivepara. 20having listened to both chinese and english, im suspicious of _ between the two languages, as i notice the reciprocal _ they each present. english speakers say chinese is extremely dif

23、ficult because different words can be denoted by very subtle variations in tone. english is often bracketed with the label of _, a language of too many broken parisons challengesinconsistency in paragraph 21, the author mentions how an outside observer might view chinese people by just listening to

24、her mother speak. why does she discuss this? to support her opinion that to understand the difference between languages and behavior just through literal translation may lead to wrong generalizations.what did the author worry? (para. 22) see chinese people from a limited perspective; lead to actual

25、intolerance and few chinese in top management positions; the power of language.how does the author feel about the description of chinese people as being “modest and polite”? (para. 24)she feels that it is annoying becausesuch a description does not express new ideas, honest emotions or considered th

26、ought.part ii (paras. 10-26)the author examines in detail the american view about chinese language and culture and rebuts it with stories and observations from her own life.according to the text, how do chinese people say “yes” or “no” when answering questions? (para. 28)saying something specific to

27、 what is asked because there is no one word in chinese for “yes” or “no”.referring directly to the proposition being asserted or denied.part iii (paras. 27-31)there is no one word in chinese for “yes” or “no”, which is not because chinese people are discreet, but because their answer is specific to

28、what is asked. a story about a family dinner to introduce the topic of the essay, i.e. whether chinese language and culture are indirect and polite. (paras. 1-9)introduction refutation against the american view that chinese language and culture are indirect and polite. (paras. 10-26)introductionbody

29、 there is no one word in chinese for “yes” or “no”, which is not because chinese people are discreet, but because their answer is specific to what is asked. (paras. 27-31)introductionbodyconclusionintroductionbodyconclusion speaking chinese in america once, at a dinner, my mother whispered to me con

30、fidentially: “sau-sau pretends too hard to be a polite _! why bother with such nominal _? in the end, she always takes everything.” my mother no longer patient with old taboos and courtesies. recipient courtesyto be continued i read an article in the new york times magazine, where the author mention

31、ed that the interwoven _ of chinese language and culture renders its speech indirect and polite. chinese people are so “_ and modest”, that there arent even words for “yes” and “no”. configurationdiscreet to be continuedif i consider my upbringing carefully, i find there was nothing discreet about t

32、he chinese language i grew up with, no _ for the sake of politeness. having listened to both chinese and english, im _ comparisons between the two languages, as i notice the reciprocal challenges they each present. censorshipsuspicious ofto be continuedeven more dangerous is the temptation to view t

33、he _ between different languages and behavior in translation. there is no one word for “yes” or “no”, but not _ to be discreet. _, i would say the chinese equivalent of answering “yes” or “no” is specific to what is asked. gulfif anythingout of necessity1. be attached to與有聯(lián)系2. on the side作為副業(yè)；作為兼職3.

34、 get / come to the point 切入主題4. hedge in with / by 以限制某人（的自由、 機會等）； 包圍；圍住5. be representative of有代表性的；代表的6. if anything 如果有什么不同；甚至正 相反；甚至還不如說與與有聯(lián)系有聯(lián)系(an accident / blame / be attached to) dont worry because it was an accident and no blame is attached to students.be attached to短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用不要擔(dān)心，因為這僅是意外，學(xué)生

35、不應(yīng)該受到指責(zé)。意群提示作為副業(yè)；作為副業(yè)；作為兼職作為兼職(make sculptures / on the side)her husband is a doctor who makes sculptures on the side. on the side短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用她的丈夫是個醫(yī)生，業(yè)余時間做些雕塑。意群提示切入主題切入主題(not have much time / come to the point)we dont have much time, so ill come straight to the point.get / come to the point 短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用我們

36、時間不多，所以我就直入主題吧。意群提示以以限制某人限制某人（的自由、機會（的自由、機會等）；等）； 包圍；圍住包圍；圍住(politicians / hedge in with) it is clear that politicians are often hedged in with their own interests.hedge in with / by 短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用很明顯，政客們通常受到本身利益的制約。意群提示有代表性的；有代表性的；代表代表的的(be representative of / dominant / literary themes ) these short sto

37、ries are representative of the dominant literary themes of the 20th century. be representative of短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用這些短篇小說代表了20世紀(jì)具有主導(dǎo)性的文學(xué)主題。意群提示如果有什么不同；如果有什么不同；甚至正相反；甚甚至正相反；甚至還不如說至還不如說(losing / if anything / relieve) xiao ming didnt seem too disappointed at losing. if anything, he seemed relieved that it was a

38、ll over.if anything短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用小明看上去對輸?shù)舯荣惒⒉皇翘?。相反，他好像因為比賽都已結(jié)束而感到如釋重負。意群提示1. why + v. / n. / prep. phrase用于含蓄地表達觀點。2. if i consider my upbringing carefully, i find there was nothing discreet / important about sth. / sb. i grew up with.用于表示“通過個人經(jīng)歷而形成的對某人/事的正確認(rèn)識”。3. at this junction, i do agree in part wi

39、th sth.用于表示“部分認(rèn)同”。何必費勁講究形式上的客套呢？原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)why bother with such nominal courtesy?句型提煉句型提煉why + v. / n. / prep. phrase句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示用于含蓄地表達觀點。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用(tv program) 典型例句你可以在電腦上看電視節(jié)目，何必費勁買個電視機呢？意群提示you can watch tv programs on the computer, so why a television?仔細想想自己的成長過程，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我從小到大所接觸到的中文并不是什么特別謹(jǐn)

40、慎的語言。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)if i consider my upbringing carefully, i find there was nothing discreet about the chinese language i grew up with.句型提煉句型提煉if i consider my upbringing carefully, i find there was nothing discreet / difficult about sth. / sb. i grew up with.句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示 用于表達“通過個人經(jīng)歷而形成的對某人/事的正

41、確認(rèn)識”。 句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用(upbringing / grow up with) 典型例句仔細想想自己的成長過程，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我從小到大所接觸到的英文并不是什么特別難的語言。意群提示if i consider my upbringing carefully, i find there was nothing difficult about the english language i grew up with.在這一點上，我的確在某種程度上同意紐約時報雜志的那篇文章。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)at this junction, i do agree in part with the new

42、 york times magazine article.句型提煉句型提煉at this junction, i do agree in part with sth.句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示 用于表達“部分認(rèn)同”。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用(at this junction / agree in part with / raise)典型例句在這一點上，我的確在某種程度上同意女孩要富養(yǎng)的理念。意群提示at this junction, i do agree in part with the idea that daughters should be raised in richness and h

43、appiness. 生于移民家庭的孩子都清楚，有一種特殊的兩難境地與說兩種語言的生活聯(lián)系在一起。 a. as any child of immigrant parents knows, there is a special kind of double bind attached to knowing two languages. (para. 12，l1)由于一直同時聽著中英文兩種語言，故而我對它們之間的任何對比總是心存懷疑，因為我注意到它們各自都有對方所沒有的難點。 b. having listened to both chinese and english, im suspicious

44、of comparisons between the two languages, as i notice the reciprocal challenges they each present. (para. 20, l1)我擔(dān)心語言的力量，即如果一個人將一件事說了很多遍，無論其是否有惡意，這件事都會變成事實。 c. i worry about the power of language: if one says anything enough times, it might become true with or without malicious intent. (para. 22,l4

45、)1 do you know of any stereotype of a foreign country, its people, or its language? have you ever met anyone who either fits or contradicts this image, and in what way?2if you are going to live in a foreign country for a number of years, what would you prefer to do: to adapt your behavior and manner

46、s to the culture of that country, or to stick to the norms of your own culture? yes. french people are romantic, and the french language is beautiful; italians are fashionable, and italy has the best cuisine in the world. i have watched many movies in which french people are indeed romantic, althoug

47、h i have never met any french in person. a common scene in the movies is that a french man gives flowers to his girlfriend or wife, or two persons meet by chance and fall in love quickly.1. do you know of any stereotype of a foreign country, its people, or its language? have you ever met anyone who

48、either fits or contradicts this image, and in what way? no. i think people in different countries or cultures of the world have more similarities than differences. for instance, we all consider such values as honesty, diligence and patriotism important qualities of being a good man or a good citizen

49、. hence, i think there are no essential differences between peoples or cultures, and i dont have any stereotype of any foreign country, its people, or its language.2. if you are going to live in a foreign country for a number of years, what would you prefer to do: to adapt your behavior and manners

50、to the culture of that country, or to stick to the norms of your own culture? i will try to adapt my habits to local norms. for example, i will follow their rules of dining, body language and gift giving. i would prefer to maintain chinese traditions. modern people value cultural diversity, so, i th

51、ink people of the foreign country i live in will respect my choice. watch a video clip and discuss the following question.video watchingwhat would you suggest as good ways for people to avoid misunderstandings of foreign cultures? back look for information about those cultures; visit foreign countri

52、es, which will enable us to experience their cultures in person and understand them better; make friends with foreigners who are traveling or are living in our country; communicating with them in daily life will help us know their customs.what would you suggest as good ways for people to avoid misun

53、derstandings of foreign cultures?5unit language application write a narrative with direct dialog a narrative essay tells a story. important elements that make up a story include a setting (the location), a theme (the basic idea), a mood (the feeling or atmosphere), characters (people), and a plot (t

54、he sequence of events). one way to present these elements is to use dialog. a good narrative essay often employs vivid dialog, through which it can bring characters to life and effectively arouse readers emotional responses. to be continued write a narrative with direct dialog dialog is the verbal e

55、xchanges between two or more characters. there are two ways to tell the words of the characters. one is direct dialog, in which the exact words spoken by a character are quoted. these words are presented in quotation marks and attributed to the speaker. the other is indirect dialog, in which the wor

56、ds of a character are paraphrased and not put in quotation marks. to be continued when writing direct dialog, we should follow the standard conventions of punctuation and formatting. the basic principles are as follows: 1. use quotation marks to indicate the exactwords spoken by characters. 2. begin

57、 a new paragraph whenever the speaker changes. 3. make sure readers always know who is speaking. dialog tags (e.g. “he said”) are sometimes used to identify the speaker. 4. use correct punctuation marks and capitalization. to be continuedexample:“clean up your room,” mother said, “or youre not going

58、 to the movie!” jim shouted, “thats not fair! its bens room too!” “ben will be home later to take care of his half. now, are you going to get started?” mother scolded. “i guess so,” muttered jim. “why doesnt ben ever have to do anything around here?” “he does plenty,” mother said. jim said, “i never

59、 see him do much of anything but study.” “well,” answered mother, “youre never around very much.” read the following outline and the sample essay. topic:a person special to me introduction:my friend jerry is a special person because he always chooses a good mood, and for him attitude is everything.

60、to be continuedbody: he is a natural motivator. he chooses to learn from bad things rather than to be a victim of them. he survived a gunshot injury with optimism. conclusion:restate the main idea: attitude, after all, is everything. to be continuedsamplesample: : each morning when we wake up, we ha