中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)：剖析中考英語賓語從句

1、剖析中考英語賓語從句一、賓語從句的概念與位置：所謂賓語從句是指在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語的句子，賓語從句緊隨在主句動詞、介詞、間接賓語或形容詞之后。1）動詞之后：he says that he cant come tomorrow.2)介詞之后：she isnt interested in what he is doing.3）間接賓語之后:can you tell me who he is?4）形容詞之后:im afraid he is ill.二、賓語從句的連詞1）賓語從句為陳述句。由that引導(dǎo)，這時that沒有詞義，只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語或非正式文體中常常省略。eg. she s

2、ays (that) she wants to go home now. i dont know(that) he is american.2）賓語從句為一般疑問句時，由連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)eg .do you know if/whether he has been to japan?he asked if/whether i could help him.3）賓語從句為特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)，這時連詞有詞義，且在賓語從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，常見的連接代詞有：what, who, whom, whose, which;連接副詞有:when, where, how, why,

3、 how many, how much, how old, how long etc.eg. can you tell us what they are doing?（在賓語從句中作賓語）we dont know whose pencil this is.（whose在賓語從句中作pencil的定語并與pencil一起作表語）she asked who was the tallest in our class.（作主語）we dont know when the train arrives.（作時間狀語）please tell me how i can get to the post offi

4、ce. （作方式狀語） do you know how old she is?（作表語)三、賓語從句的語序陳述句語序：主句+連接詞+陳述句語序的句子賓語從句四、賓語從句的時態(tài)：和主句一致1、當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的限制，可用所需的任何時態(tài)，如：lily has gone to beijing.i hear (that) jim arrived two days ago.she will go there by plane.2、當(dāng)主句為過去時態(tài)時，賓語從句的時態(tài)受主句時態(tài)的限制，一般只能用表示過去的某種時態(tài)，即：一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行

5、時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時過去完成時過去完成時1) she said,“we hope so.” she said（that） they hoped so.2) jean said, “he will go to see his friend.” jean said he would go to see his friend.3) she said, “i told her the news yesterday.” she said she had told her the news the day before.五、注意：1、主句：過去時態(tài)賓語從句說明的是

6、客觀真理或客觀事實(shí)時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的限制，即時態(tài)不變。eg. our teacher said that lights travel faster than sounds.我們老師說光比聲音傳播得快。the teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth. 老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)，月球繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。2、主句：賓語從句中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語：時態(tài)不變。eg. xiao wang said, “i was born on april 21,1980.”

7、 xiao wang said he was born on april 21,1980.3、原句如果是祈使句，賓語從句應(yīng)改為“tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not)to do sth句型。eg. 1) “dont make any noise.” she said to the children.she told the children not to make any noise. 2) “bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she. she asked him to bring her a cup of tea.4、賓語從句的否

8、定：一般情況下，賓語從句的否定與一般句子的否定一樣，但動詞think, believe等后跟賓語從句時，賓語從句的否定通常前移至主句中 eg. i dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對。eg. we dont believe she can swim.我們相信她不會游泳。5、賓語從句與反意疑問句連用規(guī)律含有賓語從句的反意疑問句有兩種形式：1）反意部分和主句謂語動詞呼應(yīng)：he says that he is wrong, doesnt he?2）如果主句的主語是第一人稱單數(shù)i且謂語動詞為think, believe, suppose等,反意疑問句一般和賓語從句的謂語呼

9、應(yīng)。eg. i think he is right, isnt he? i dont believe that he will come, will he?六、exercise:（一）單項(xiàng)選擇：( )1. i wonder_ .a. whose bike is it? b. it is whose bike c. is it whose bike d. whose bike it is.( )2. do you know _?a. what has happened b. what happenc. what is happened d. what happening( )3. i want

10、to know _come tomorrow. a. will she b. whether will she c. she will d. whether she will( )4. the small boy didnt know_ waiting for. a. whom were they b. whom are they c. whom they were d. whom they are( )5. could you tell me _?a. where is nearest shop b. where is the nearest shop c. the nearest shop

11、 is where d. where the nearest shop is( )6. mother asked her daughter_ when she grew up.a. what she was b. what she would be c. what would she be d. what was she going to be( d ) 7.the small children dont know _a. what is their stockings in b .where is in their stockingsc. where is their stocking in

12、 d. whats in their stockings（ ）8. i dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _he comes, ill tell you.a. if; whether b. whether ;whether c. if; that d. if; if( a )9. please ask her_.a. whats wrong with him b. why she did that for. c. what the matter is with him d. what her father ( )10. she asked me if i k

13、new _.a. whose pen is it b. whose pen it was c. whose pen it is d. whose pen was it（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換：將下列句子變成賓語從句或同義句1. does marry work in that hospital? will you tell me? will you tell me _ marry _ in that hospital?2. has he handed in his homework? do you know? do you know_ he has handed in his homework?3. what did they fight about ? do you know? do you know what they_ _?4. when shall we have a meeting? can you tell me? can you tell me_ we _ _ a meeting?5. “where do you live?” the policeman asked tom. the policeman asked tom where_ _.6. i havent