高中語法定語從句關系代詞的用法

1、定語從句1. 定義：在復合句中，修飾主句中的某個名詞或代詞的句子。 The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.You must do everything that I do.He built the factory where I have worked for years.I cant understand the reason why he was late.2. 先行詞：主句中被定語從句修飾的那個名詞或代詞。定語從句一般放在先行詞后面，緊挨著先行詞。3. 關系詞：引導定語從句的詞。包括關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞：that, which

2、, who, whom, whose, as關系副詞：where, when, why4. 關系詞的作用：指代先行詞；連接主從句；在定語從句中充當句子成分。5. 定語從句的分類：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。注：限制性定語從句起修飾限定的作用；非限制性定語從句起補充說明的作用，并且先行詞和定語從句間有逗號。其中that不能引導非限制性定語從句。Walmart, which is one of the biggest supermarket in the USA, keeps his shops open.6. 關系代詞：在定語從句中充當主語，賓語或定語。（1）關系代詞 that, whic

3、h, who, whom的用法： 在定語從句中作主語或賓語。 關系代詞指代的先行詞，是人還是物？ 見下表關系代詞關系代詞指代的先行詞指代的先行詞在定語從句中的成分在定語從句中的成分引導的定語從句引導的定語從句that既可以是人又可以是物主語，賓語限制性which只可以是物主語，賓語限制性和非限制性who只可以是人主語，賓語限制性非限制性whom只可以是人賓語限制性非限制性只可用that，不能用which的情況；（指物的情況）先行詞既有人又有物； Tom told his mother about the cities and the people that he had visited las

4、t week.先行詞是不定代詞，something，everything，anything等； The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything that they could find.先行詞被all, every, no, little, much等修飾時； All trees that were cut down yesterday belong to him. 先行詞被the only, the last, the very等修飾時；This is the very book that I am

5、 looking for . 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級，以及被這些詞所修 飾時；This is the most beautiful park that I have ever seen. There be 句型結構中用that。 There is a book whose cover is blue.只用which,不用that的情況（指物的情況）非限制性定語從句中；先行詞是that或those; I dont like that which made us angry. 介詞后面; The house in which I grew up was taken down.只用who，不用

6、that的情況。（指人的情況）先行詞是all，those時； Those who wear red dress are actresses.先行詞是指人的不定代詞；Anyone who wants to study hard can make progress. （2）關系代詞whose的用法； whose在定語從句中作定語，既可以指人也可以指物； whose后的名詞和先行詞之間是所屬關系，而非單純的指代。 The desk whose legs are broken belongs to me. The desk of which the legs are broken belongs to

7、 me. The desk the legs of which are broken belongs to me. 總結關系代詞的用法：（1）在定語從句中充當主語或賓語，其中whose作定語；（2）關系詞的省略：在限制性定語從句中，關系代詞作賓語，表語是可以省略； The man is the teacher(that/who/whom) I am afraid of. This is the house(that/which) I grew up in. This is the house in which I grew up.That不能放在介詞后，who也不可，須用whom。（13年 山

8、東）35. Finally he reached a lonely island_ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. where C. which D. whom （13年 福建）27. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those_ lives were affected. A. whose B. that C. who D. which（13年 天津）6. We have launched another satellit

9、e, _ is announced in todays newspaper. A. that B. which C. who D. what （13年 湖南）21. Happiness and success often come to those_ are good at recognizing their own strengths. A. whom B. who C. what D. which（12年 天津）7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without_ help I would never have got this far. A. who

10、B. whose C. whom D. which（10年 全國2）32. I refuse to accept the blame for something_ was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what26. The man pulled out a gold watch,_ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. of which the hands1. I missed the factory_ I worked last year. A. which B. that C. where D. when2. This is the factory_ we visited last week. A. which B. where C. why D. whom3.