高中英語Unit1ArtGrammar課件新人教版選修6

1、Unit1 Art Subjunctive Mood 一一. 語氣的分類語氣的分類4陳述語氣陳述語氣I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadnt come back home yet.4祈祈使語氣使語氣Lets go.Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings4 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣If I were you,I would not leave her alone.Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon.202

2、1-10-23條件句表示主句的條件條件句表示主句的條件,分分真實條件句真實條件句 和和虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 兩種。兩種。a. 真實條件句真實條件句 表示條件是表示條件是真的或有可真的或有可能實現(xiàn)的能實現(xiàn)的, 采用采用陳述語氣陳述語氣。b. 虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 表示條件是表示條件是無法實現(xiàn)或無法實現(xiàn)或幾乎無法實現(xiàn)的幾乎無法實現(xiàn)的, 采用采用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣。 二二. if 虛擬條件句的概虛擬條件句的概念念由由 if 引導的虛擬條件句叫作引導的虛擬條件句叫作 if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句I could easily recognize if I had seen him before.其他虛擬條件句

3、其他虛擬條件句Without your help, I couldnt have finished my work on time. 三三. if Sentence Structure if 虛擬條件句的結構虛擬條件句的結構a. 表示表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反 的假設的假設b. 表示表示與過去事實相反與過去事實相反 的假設的假設c. 表示表示與將來事實相反與將來事實相反 的假設的假設1. 虛擬語氣用于虛擬語氣用于條件狀語條件狀語從句中從句中(1) 表示與表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設的假設, 條件條件 狀語從句狀語從句中的謂語動詞用中的謂語動詞用“過去式過去式(be 動詞的過去式用

4、動詞的過去式用were)”, 而而主句主句中的中的謂語動詞謂語動詞“would / should/ could / might + 動詞原形動詞原形”。 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣If I were a boy, I would join the army.What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery, I wouldIf I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. If I had a lot of money I would buy a villa.If I had a

5、 lot of money now, I would travel around the world.If it were fine now,I would go shopping.a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.c. If the policem

6、an _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.were notcould bewerewould ask2. 與過去的事實相反與過去的事實相反從句的謂語從句的謂語用用had過去分詞過去分詞, 構成構成If I (we, you, he, they)had過去分詞的過去分詞的形式；形式；主句的謂語主句的謂語用用should(第一人稱第一人稱)/would (第二、三人稱第二、三人稱) /could/might hav

7、e 動動詞過去分詞。詞過去分詞。If he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had I _ trapped in this island.had learnt would not have been a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.had beenwould

8、have passedhad gotwould have caughtPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had metwould have gone3. 與將來事實相反與將來事實相反從句的謂語用從句的謂語用If I (we, you, he, they) 動詞過去式或動詞過去式或 were to do 或或should do 形式形式, 主句謂語用主句謂語用should(第一人稱第一人稱) /would (第二、三人稱第二、三人稱) /

9、could/ might 動詞原形。動詞原形。If he got up early, he would be on time.假如他來了假如他來了, 我們對他說什么呢？我們對他說什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看見我假如他看見我, 就會認識我。就會認識我。If he should see me, he would know me.a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What _ (hap

10、pen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?should beshould makewould happenshould get upPRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanksc. If Robots _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.were to controlwould be 主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間, 這時主從句位于動詞的虛擬語氣形式因這時主從句位于動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同時間不同而不同, 這叫做這叫

11、做混合條件句混合條件句。 例句中從句與過去事實相反例句中從句與過去事實相反, 主句與主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反現(xiàn)在事實相反 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If the staff had been more careful, the mall would not be on fire now.條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語從句的謂語形式形式主句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 過去時過去時(were)would/could/should/might +V. (原原)1虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。虛擬語氣

12、在條件狀語從句中的用法。條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂從句的謂語形式語形式 主句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式過去過去 過去完成時過去完成時would/could/should/might + have+ p.p.條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語從句的謂語形式形式主句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式未來未來1.過去時過去時2.should+V.3. were to dowould/could/ should/ might +V. (原原)二二. 虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣在賓語從句賓語從句中的用法中的用法1. 在動詞在動詞wish后的賓語從句中后的賓語從句中, 表示與表示與現(xiàn)在或過去的事實相反現(xiàn)在或過去的事實相反,

13、 或對將來的或對將來的主觀愿望主觀愿望, 從句通常省略連詞從句通常省略連詞that。1) 表示對表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬: 從句動詞用從句動詞用過去式或過去進行式過去式或過去進行式 (be動詞一般動詞一般用用were) 。I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I were a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2) 表示對表示對過去情況過去情況的虛擬的虛擬:從句動詞從句動詞常用常用“had過去分詞過去分詞”。Th

14、e party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.(3) 表示對將來的主觀愿望表示對將來的主觀愿望: 從句動詞形從句動詞形式為式為 “ would動詞原形動詞原形”。注意注意: 主句的主句的主語主語與從句的主要與從句的主要不能相不能相同同, 因為主句的主語所期望的從句動作因為主句的主語所期望的從句動作能否實現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語的態(tài)度或意能否實現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語的態(tài)度或意愿愿(非動物名詞除外非動物名詞除外)。但愿你立刻來。但愿你立刻來。I wish you would come soon.I wish it would rain tomorro

15、w.由由as if (as though) 或或even though (even though) 引導的狀語從句表示比較或方引導的狀語從句表示比較或方式時式時, 從句謂語形式為動詞從句謂語形式為動詞的過去式的過去式(be用用were)或或 “had過去分詞過去分詞”。He behaves as if he owned the house.(But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.)She talks about Rome as though she had

16、 been there himself.他那樣對待我他那樣對待我, 好像我式陌生人似的。好像我式陌生人似的。He treats me as if I were a stranger.注意注意: 如果表示的事情可能會發(fā)生如果表示的事情可能會發(fā)生, 那那么方式狀語從句中的謂語動詞可用陳么方式狀語從句中的謂語動詞可用陳述語氣。述語氣。Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.關于虛擬語氣關于虛擬語氣 辯析辯析1關于虛擬語氣關于虛擬語氣 辯析辯析2 2關于虛擬語氣關于虛擬語氣 辯析辯析3 3關于虛擬語氣關于虛擬語氣 辯析辯析4 4關于

17、虛擬語氣關于虛擬語氣 辯析辯析5 5句型練習句型練習 (用用If I were you句型翻譯下句型翻譯下列句子列句子)1. 我要是你的話我要是你的話, 我就會把英語學好。我就會把英語學好。2. 如果你昨天來如果你昨天來, 你就會看見他。你就會看見他。3. 萬一明天下雨萬一明天下雨, 我們就不到那兒去。我們就不到那兒去。4. 我希望我十年前認識他。我希望我十年前認識他。5. 他對待我就像對待他自己的兒子一樣。他對待我就像對待他自己的兒子一樣。Homework關于陳述語氣關于陳述語氣 1 1What will you do if it rains tomorrow?I will stay at

18、home if it rains tomorrow.關于陳述語氣關于陳述語氣 2 2關于祈使語氣關于祈使語氣 1 1關于祈使語氣關于祈使語氣 2 2關于關于祈祈使語氣使語氣 3 3關于祈使語氣關于祈使語氣 4 4真實條件句真實條件句 真實條件句用于陳述語氣真實條件句用于陳述語氣, 假設的情假設的情況可能發(fā)生況可能發(fā)生, 其中其中 if 是如果的意思。是如果的意思。時態(tài)關系時態(tài)關系句型句型: 條件從句條件從句 主句主句 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 shall/will + 動詞原形動詞原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained答案答案B 真實條件句主句為將來時真實條