大英綜合教程第二版Unit5PPT上課課件

1、unit 5 writing three thank-you lettersalex haley1課件教育課件教育alex haley (19211992)american biographer, scriptwriter, and authorbecame famous with the publication of the novel roots: the saga of an american family, which traces his ancestry back to africa and covers 7 american generations as they are tak

2、en slaves to the u.s.2課件教育課件教育thanksgiving historysecond most important holiday in the u.s., celebrated in on the fourth thursday in november. associated with the time when europeans first came to north america. in 1620 the ship the mayflower arrived, bringing about 102 people who today are usually

3、called pilgrims. 3課件教育課件教育thanksgiving celebrationsthanksgiving dinnerturkey, stuffing, mashed potatoes with gravy, sweet potatoes, cranberry sauce, sweet corn, various fall vegetables (mainly various kinds of squashes), and pumpkin pie4課件教育課件教育thanksgivinggiving thankssaying grace (謝恩祈禱) before car

4、ving a turkey at thanksgiving dinner, pennsylvania, u.s., 19425課件教育課件教育thanksgiving celebrationsvacation and travel: thanksgiving break thursday-sundayparadesmacys thanksgiving day parade in nyc“national thanksgiving turkey presentation” and “presidential pardoning”football and other sports6課件教育課件教育

5、7課件教育課件教育main idea by writing three “thank you” letters, the author realizes that human beings long for other peoples appreciation for their efforts. therefore, he encourages people to “find the good-and praise it”.8課件教育課件教育writing three thank-you letters it was 1943, during world war ii, and i was

6、a young u.s. coastguardsman. my ship, the uss murzim, had been under way for several days. most of her holds contained thousands of cartons of canned or dried foods. the other holds were loaded with five-hundred-pound bombs packed delicately in padded racks. our destination was a big base on the isl

7、and of tulagi in the south pacific. i was one of the murzims several cooks and, quite the same as for folk ashore, this thanksgiving morning had seen us busily preparing a traditional dinner featuring roast turkey.alex haley9課件教育課件教育 i decided first to go out on the murzims afterdeck for a breath of

8、 open air. i made my way out there, breathing in great, deep draughts while walking slowly about, still wearing my white cooks hat. well, as any cook knows, its a lot of hard work to cook and serve a big meal, and clean up and put everything away. but finally, around sundown, we finished at last.10課

9、件教育課件教育 i got to thinking about thanksgiving, of the pilgrims, indians, wild turkeys, pumpkins, corn on the cob, and the rest. yet my mind seemed to be in quest of something else some way that i could personally apply to the close of thanksgiving. it must have taken me a half hour to sense that mayb

10、e some key to an answer could result from reversing the word “thanksgiving” at least that suggested a verbal direction, “giving thanks.”11課件教育課件教育 giving thanks as in praying, thanking god, i thought. yes, of course. certainly. yet my mind continued turning the idea over. after a while, like a dawns

11、 brightening, a further answer did come that there were people to thank, people who had done so much for me that i could never possibly repay them. the embarrassing truth was id always just accepted what theyd done, taken all of it for granted. not one time had i ever bothered to express to any of t

12、hem so much as a simple, sincere “thank you”.12課件教育課件教育 at least seven people had been particularly and lastingly helpful to me. i realized, swallowing hard, that about half of them had since died so they were forever beyond any possible expression of gratitude from me. the more i thought about it,

13、the more ashamed i became. then i pictured the three who were still alive and, within minutes, i was down in my cabin.13課件教育課件教育 sitting at a table with writing paper and memories of things each had done, i tried composing genuine statements of heartfelt appreciation and gratitude to my dad, simon a

14、. haley, a professor at the old agricultural mechanical normal college in pine bluff, arkansas; to my grandma, cynthia palmer, back in our little hometown of henning, tennessee; and to the rev. lonual nelson, my grammar school principal, retired and living in ripley, six miles north of henning.14課件教

15、育課件教育 the texts of my letters began something like, “here, this thanksgiving at sea, i find my thoughts upon how much you have done for me, but i have never stopped and said to you how much i feel the need to thank you ” and briefly i recalled for each of them specific acts performed on my behalf.15

16、課件教育課件教育 for instance, something uppermost about my father was how he had impressed upon me from boyhood to love books and reading. in fact, this graduated into a family habit of after-dinner quizzes at the table about books read mostrecently and new words learned. my love of books never diminished

17、and later led me toward writing books myself. so many times i have felt a sadness when exposed to modern children so immersed in the electronic media that they have little or no awareness of the marvelous world to be discovered in books.16課件教育課件教育 i reminded the reverend nelson how each morning he w

18、ould open our little country towns grammar school with a prayer over his assembled students. i told him that whatever positive things i had done since had been influenced at least in part by his morning school prayers.17課件教育課件教育 in the letter to my grandmother, i reminded her of a dozen ways she use

19、d to teach me how to tell the truth, to share, and to be forgiving and considerate of others. i thanked her for the years of eating her good cooking, the equal of which i had not found since. finally, i thanked her simply for having sprinkled my life with stardust.18課件教育課件教育 before i slept, my three

20、 letters went into our ships office mail sack. they got mailed when we reached tulagi island. we unloaded cargo, reloaded with something else, then again we put to sea in the routine familiar to us, and as the days became weeks, my little personal experience receded. sometimes, when we were at sea,

21、a mail ship would rendezvous and bring us mail from home, which, of course, we accorded topmost priority.19課件教育課件教育 every time the ships loudspeaker rasped, “attention! mail call!” two hundred-odd shipmates came pounding up on deck and clustered about the two seamen, standing by those precious bulgi

22、ng gray sacks. they were alternately pulling out fistfuls of letters and barking successive names of sailors who were, in turn, shouting back “here! here!” amid the pushing.20課件教育課件教育 one “mail call” brought me responses from grandma, dad, and the reverend nelson and my reading oftheir letters left

23、me not only astonished but more humbled than before.21課件教育課件教育 rather than saying they would forgive that i hadnt previously thanked them, instead, for petes sake, they were thanking me for having remembered, for having considered they had done anything so exceptional. always the college professor,

24、my dad had carefully avoided anything he considered too sentimental, so i knew how moved he was to write me that, after having helped educate many young people, he now felt that his best results included his own son.22課件教育課件教育 the reverend nelson wrote that his decades as a “simple, old-fashioned pr

25、incipal” had ended with schools undergoing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt. “i heard more of what i had done wrong than what i did right,” he said, adding that my letter had brought him welcome reassurance that his career had been appreciated.23課件教育課件教育 a glance at grandmas fami

26、liar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her “setting down ” some letter to relatives. character by character, grandma would slowly accomplish one word, then the next, so that a finished page would consume hours. i wept over the page r

27、epresenting my grandmas recent hours invested in expressing her loving gratefulness to me whom she used to diaper! much later, retired from the coast guard and trying to make a living as a writer, i never forgot how those three “thank you” letters gave me an insight into how most human beings go abo

28、ut longing in secret for more of their fellows to express appreciation for their efforts.24課件教育課件教育 now, approaching another thanksgiving, i have asked myself what will i wish for all who are reading this, for our nation, indeed for our whole world since, quoting a good and wise friend of mine, “in

29、the end we are mightily and merely people, each with similar needs.” first, i wish for us, of course, the simple common sense to achieve world peace, that being paramount for the very survival of our kind. and there is something else i wish so strongly that i have had this line printed across the bo

30、ttom of all my stationery: “find the good and praise it.”25課件教育課件教育why was it necessary for the writer to offer so many details of his voyage? the details indicate that this thanksgiving was unusual, explaining why the writer felt the need to celebrate it in an unusual way. most of her holds contain

31、ed thousands of cartons of canned or dried foods. the other holds were loaded with five-hundred-pound bombs packed delicately in padded racks. our destination was a big base on the island of tulagi in the south pacific.26課件教育課件教育. this thanksgiving morning had seen us busily preparing a traditional

32、dinner featuring roast turkey.paraphrase this part. on this thanksgiving morning we were busy preparing a traditional dinner which included mainly roast turkey. “feature” here means “to include as a special part”. 27課件教育課件教育analyze the structure of the sentence. 在這個(gè)長(zhǎng)句中有三個(gè)在這個(gè)長(zhǎng)句中有三個(gè) -ing 分詞分詞：breathin

33、g、walking 和和 wearing。breathing 為為 made my way out 的伴隨狀語(yǔ)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)，walking 與與 while 連用表示與連用表示與 breathing 這一動(dòng)作同時(shí)這一動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生發(fā)生，wearing 為為 walking 的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 i made my way out there, breathing in great, deep draughts while walking slowly about, still wearing my white cooks hat.translate the sentence into chin

34、ese. 我信步走去，一邊深深呼吸著空氣，一邊慢慢地踱我信步走去，一邊深深呼吸著空氣，一邊慢慢地踱著步，頭上仍戴著那頂白色的廚師帽。著步，頭上仍戴著那頂白色的廚師帽。 28課件教育課件教育大概過(guò)了半個(gè)小時(shí)我才意識(shí)到，問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵也許在于把大概過(guò)了半個(gè)小時(shí)我才意識(shí)到，問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵也許在于把thanksgiving 這個(gè)詞前后顛倒一下，那樣一來(lái)至少文字這個(gè)詞前后顛倒一下，那樣一來(lái)至少文字好懂了好懂了：giving thanks。 it must have taken me a half hour to sense that maybe some key to an answer could resul

35、t from reversing the word “thanksgiving” at least that suggested a verbal direction, “giving thanks.”translate this sentence into chinese.29課件教育課件教育what can we infer from this sentence? the author took all for granted and never expressed any appreciation. the sentence is in inverted order. not one t

36、ime had i ever bothered to express to any of them so much as a simple, sincere “thank you”.30課件教育課件教育i told him that whatever positive things i had done since had been influenced at least in part by his morning school prayers.analyze the structure of the sentence. whatever positive morning school pr

37、ayer 是賓語(yǔ)從句。是賓語(yǔ)從句。i had done since 是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 whatever positive things; since 為副詞，修飾為副詞，修飾 had done; in part 在這里意在這里意為為 partly。 31課件教育課件教育and my reading of their letters left me not only astonished but more humbled than before.我讀了信，既覺(jué)得震驚，又深感卑微。我讀了信，既覺(jué)得震驚，又深感卑微。 analyze the structure of this par

38、t. leave 常用于結(jié)構(gòu)常用于結(jié)構(gòu)：leave sb. + adj./past participle，adj./past participle（此處為此處為 not only astonished but more humbled than before）為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 translate this sentence into chinese.32課件教育課件教育rather than saying they would forgive that i hadnt previously thanked them, instead, for petes sake, they wer

39、e thanking me for having remembered, for having considered they had done anything so exceptional.paraphrase the sentence.they didnt say they would forgive me for not thanking them, but instead, for gods sake, they thanked me for having remembered what they had done and for having thought they had do

40、ne something special to me. 33課件教育課件教育a glance at grandmas familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her “setting down” some letter to relatives. what does the sentence mean? his grandmas handwriting reminded the writer of many swee

41、t memories of his childhood with her. “setting down” here means “writing”. 34課件教育課件教育i wept over the page representing my grandmas recent hours invested in expressing her loving gratefulness to me.paraphrase the sentence. i was moved to tears that my grandma had spent hours recently in expressing he

42、r loving gratefulness to me. 35課件教育課件教育its been under way for fifty years and it still has a long way to go.a battle to conquer nature is under way. under way: in position or operation, having started and making progress collocation: all the way 自始自終自始自終 any way 無(wú)論如何無(wú)論如何 by the way 順便說(shuō)順便說(shuō) by way of經(jīng)

43、由；通過(guò)經(jīng)由；通過(guò)的方法的方法 36課件教育課件教育put away: remove (sth.) to a place where it is usually storedhe has a habit of putting away his tools after work.put the books away neatly on the shelf. 37課件教育課件教育recently ive got to wondering why i am doing the part-time job.get to sth./doing sth.: begin to give serious at

44、tention to or deal withill get to the accounts as soon as i can.38課件教育課件教育the rise, the first in 10 months, reversed the downward trend in the countrys jobless rate.reverse: vt. turn around to the opposite direction; exchange the position of why dont you reverse the order so that i perform first and

45、 he performs second? collocation: in reverse向相反方向；倒（退）；逆（行、轉(zhuǎn)等）向相反方向；倒（退）；逆（行、轉(zhuǎn)等）just the reverse正好相反，恰恰相反正好相反，恰恰相反suffer/sustain a reverse遭受挫折（或失?。?；吃敗仗遭受挫折（或失?。怀詳≌?the reverse of的反面；絕不是的反面；絕不是，遠(yuǎn)非，遠(yuǎn)非39課件教育課件教育she sat there quietly, turning over the problem. turn over: think about; consider 他在心里反復(fù)考慮這

46、件事情。他在心里反復(fù)考慮這件事情。 he turned the matter over in his mind. collocation: turn aside 避開，撇開避開，撇開turn (away) from 對(duì)對(duì)感到厭惡感到厭惡turn down 關(guān)?。痪芙^關(guān)??；拒絕 turn up 開大；出現(xiàn)開大；出現(xiàn) 40課件教育課件教育she repaid me the money.how can i ever repay you for your kindness? repay: vt. pay back; reward 41課件教育課件教育gratitude: n. being thankf

47、ul; thankfulness (followed by to sb. / for sth.) he showed me his gratitude by inviting me to dinner. she expressed her gratitude for our help. collocation: feel gratitude 心懷感激心懷感激 show gratitude 表露感激之情表露感激之情deep/profound gratitude 深切的謝意深切的謝意 everlasting gratitude 永遠(yuǎn)的感謝永遠(yuǎn)的感謝 sincere gratitude 誠(chéng)摯的謝意誠(chéng)

48、摯的謝意 42課件教育課件教育specific: adj. relating to one thing and not others; particular he uses a specific tool for each job. 試卷回答要明確具體。試卷回答要明確具體。 be specific in your examination answers. specific, special, especial & particular均有均有“特殊的、特別的特殊的、特別的”的意思。的意思。cf:he gave us a specific statement of the case. 關(guān)

49、于這個(gè)案子他向我們作了詳盡的陳述。關(guān)于這個(gè)案子他向我們作了詳盡的陳述。specific 意思是具體的、特定的、明確的。例如：意思是具體的、特定的、明確的。例如：43課件教育課件教育this particular case is an exception to the rule. 這個(gè)特殊個(gè)案是個(gè)例外。這個(gè)特殊個(gè)案是個(gè)例外。 this is a special case, deserving special treatment. 這是一個(gè)特別案例，值得特殊處理。這是一個(gè)特別案例，值得特殊處理。special 意思是特殊的、專門的，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物的特殊性意思是特殊的、專門的，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物的特殊性 或特殊

50、用途。例如：或特殊用途。例如： particular 意思是特殊的、特別的。強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的獨(dú)特性、突意思是特殊的、特別的。強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的獨(dú)特性、突出性。例如：出性。例如：especial 是是 special 的舊式的正式用語(yǔ)，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)。例如：的舊式的正式用語(yǔ)，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)。例如： we have an especial need of help at this time. 我們這個(gè)時(shí)候需要特別幫助。我們這個(gè)時(shí)候需要特別幫助。 44課件教育課件教育我需要一個(gè)明確的回答。我需要一個(gè)明確的回答。 i want a specific answer. translate the following sentenc

51、es into english, using the above words.沒(méi)有什么特別的。沒(méi)有什么特別的。nothing special. 故事就發(fā)生在那一天。故事就發(fā)生在那一天。the story happened on that particular day. 他特別不喜歡流行音樂(lè)。他特別不喜歡流行音樂(lè)。he has an especial dislike for pop music. specific, special, especial & particular45課件教育課件教育on ones behalf / on behalf of sb.: for sb.; in

52、the interests of sb.; as the representative of sb.my husband cant be here today, so im going to speak on his behalf. 律師代表當(dāng)事人說(shuō)話。律師代表當(dāng)事人說(shuō)話。 the lawyer spoke on behalf of his client. 46課件教育課件教育i am impressed by/with his performance.the gas turbine feeds on the fuel it pumps.impress: vt.1. fix in sb.s m

53、ind; make the importance of (sth.) very clear to sb. pattern: impress upon/on sb. + that-clauseimpress upon/on sb. sth.my father impressed on me the value of hard work. 2. cause (sb.) to feel admiration or respect 47課件教育課件教育his illness diminished his strength. diminish: v. make or become smaller or

54、less我們的友誼決不會(huì)因時(shí)間的流逝而減弱。我們的友誼決不會(huì)因時(shí)間的流逝而減弱。 time will never cause our friendship to diminish. decrease, diminish & reduce這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“減少減少”，“使減少使減少”之意。之意。cf:the population of the village has decreased to 400.該村的人口已減到該村的人口已減到400.decrease 特指數(shù)量的減少。例如：特指數(shù)量的減少。例如：48課件教育課件教育the workers reduced their wa

55、ge demands. an occasional outburst did not diminish my respect for her. 一次偶然發(fā)火并沒(méi)有減少我對(duì)她的尊重。一次偶然發(fā)火并沒(méi)有減少我對(duì)她的尊重。diminish 表示表示“帶走或分離出去，而使物體的數(shù)量受損帶走或分離出去，而使物體的數(shù)量受損”。有時(shí)指某事物的價(jià)值突然降低。例如：有時(shí)指某事物的價(jià)值突然降低。例如：reduce 特別強(qiáng)調(diào)人為地減少或降低。例如：特別強(qiáng)調(diào)人為地減少或降低。例如：工人們降低了他們的工資要求。工人們降低了他們的工資要求。49課件教育課件教育he enjoys exposing his skin to

56、the sun. 作為戰(zhàn)時(shí)攝影記者，她遇到了很多危險(xiǎn)。作為戰(zhàn)時(shí)攝影記者，她遇到了很多危險(xiǎn)。 as a photographer in the war, she was exposed to many dangers. expose: vt. leave uncovered or unprotected pattern: be exposed to50課件教育課件教育immerse: vt. cover completely in a liquid; absorb deeplyhe lay immersed in a hot bath.immerse, dunk & dip 這幾個(gè)詞均有

57、這幾個(gè)詞均有“浸（入）浸（入）”的意思。的意思。cf:immerse 是正式用語(yǔ)，指把某物完全浸入液體中，也可是正式用語(yǔ)，指把某物完全浸入液體中，也可 以指陷入或?qū)Ｐ挠谀呈?。例如：以指陷入或?qū)Ｐ挠谀呈?。例如：她專心致志地工作，因而沒(méi)有注意到我。她專心致志地工作，因而沒(méi)有注意到我。 she was so immersed in her work that she didnt notice me. i immersed myself in work so as to stop thinking about her. 為了不再想她，我使自己完全沉浸在工作之中。為了不再想她，我使自己完全沉浸在工作之中

58、。 51課件教育課件教育she dipped a toe in the water to see how cold it was.she used to dunk her biscuits in her tea.以前她總是把餅干在茶里泡了吃。以前她總是把餅干在茶里泡了吃。 dunk 是非正式用語(yǔ)，指將某物部分置于液體中，動(dòng)作慢且是非正式用語(yǔ)，指將某物部分置于液體中，動(dòng)作慢且輕。例如：輕。例如：dip 是常用詞，亦指將某物部分置于液體中，但馬上便從液體是常用詞，亦指將某物部分置于液體中，但馬上便從液體中提出，其特點(diǎn)是小心謹(jǐn)慎或帶有試探性。例如：中提出，其特點(diǎn)是小心謹(jǐn)慎或帶有試探性。例如：她把腳尖

59、浸入水中，以探知水有多涼。她把腳尖浸入水中，以探知水有多涼。 52課件教育課件教育the whole town was in a festival atmosphere. its nice to oneself in a pool on a hot day. he the penpoint into the ink and then went on writing.put into each gap one of the above words. change the form where necessary.immersed_1.2.3.dunk _dipped _cf: immerse,

60、dunk & dip 53課件教育課件教育marvelous: adj. causing wonder; excellent its marvelous that we could see each other again. it is a marvelous creation by the workers. 54課件教育課件教育sprinkle: vt. scatter (drops or particles of sth.) on (sth.); scatter in small drops the gardener is sprinkling water on the grass. sprinkle the top with chees