高中英語狀語從句專題訓(xùn)練題

1、 上教考資源網(wǎng) 助您教考無憂高中英語狀語從句專題訓(xùn)練題【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】§狀語從句的定義與功能： 在復(fù)合句中擔(dān)任狀語成分的從句稱為狀語從句，修飾主句的謂語動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞。§狀語從句的分類： 根據(jù)意義和用途的不同，狀語從句可分為： 1. 時(shí)間 2. 原因3. 地點(diǎn)4. 目的5. 方式6. 條件7. 結(jié)果8. 讓步9. 比較狀語從句§狀語從句的位置: 狀語從句同狀語一樣,在句中的位置比較靈活, 可置于句首,句未,或句中.狀語從句位于句首時(shí),常用逗號(hào)分開, 狀語從句位于句尾時(shí),其前一般不用逗號(hào)§各種從句的具體用法: i: 時(shí)間狀語從句 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞有:

2、(-的時(shí)候) when, while, as, (直到) till, until, (一-就-)as soon as, the moment (that), the minute (that), immediately, directly, instantly, (剛-就-)no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-when since, before, after, once , whenever等. 1. when/while/as 的用法（1）when “在-時(shí)刻或在-期間”，它可兼指“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”與“時(shí)間段”，從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞也可以是持續(xù)性動(dòng)

3、詞。 when i got home, he was having supper. when i was young, i liked dancing. when he has finished his work, he takes a short rest. when i got to the cinema, the film had already began.【重點(diǎn)提示】 when 也可作為并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列句， “那時(shí)”，“這時(shí)”相當(dāng)于and then , and at that time.這時(shí)不可被as, while 替代。we were about to go out when

4、 the teacher came in.we hadnt been watching tv for a long time when there was a power failure. when 還可作 “在-的情況下”解, 這時(shí)也不可被as, while 替代。why did you walk there when you have a car?（2）while, 只指時(shí)間段， 不指時(shí)間點(diǎn)， 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只限于持續(xù)動(dòng)詞和狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。while i slept, a thief broke in.father looked after the children while mother w

5、as away.【重點(diǎn)提示】 while 也可以用作并列連詞， 連接兩個(gè)并列句，“而， 另一方面” she likes music, while i like sports. he is diligent while his brother is idle.while 還可以解釋為“只要” while there is life, there is hope.while還可以解釋為 “盡管， 雖然” while respected, she in not liked.(3) as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句既可以表示一段時(shí)間（同延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用），也可以表示點(diǎn)時(shí)間（同非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用）。但as 引導(dǎo)的從

6、句更強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句的同時(shí)發(fā)生。as the sun rose, the fog dispersed.(太陽升起， 濃霧散去)。as it grew darker, it became colder.as she came to know him better, she relied on him more.如果這里使用when, 就會(huì)完全失去同時(shí)并進(jìn)或肩并肩發(fā)展的意義。【特別重點(diǎn)提示】when 從句與主句動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生時(shí)， 不能與while, as 互換， 如上述例句中的.when 從句動(dòng)詞為終止性動(dòng)詞時(shí)不能與while 替換.when he came yesterday, we were play

7、ing basketball.此句中的when 也不用as 替代，因?yàn)閍s 從句為終止性動(dòng)詞時(shí), 主句通常也用終止性動(dòng)詞當(dāng)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí), when, while, as 才有可能互相替換.while/when/as we were still laughing, the teacher came in.當(dāng)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是終止性動(dòng)詞， 而主句的謂語動(dòng)詞也是終止性動(dòng)詞when 和as 通用， 而且用as 比用when 更為緊湊， 有“正當(dāng)，這時(shí) ”的含義。he came just as (when) i reached the door.兩個(gè)進(jìn)行時(shí)的長動(dòng)作相并列進(jìn)行的時(shí)候， 可用w

8、hile/when ，但as 不可用。mary was cooking supper while /when her brother was playing chess.xiao yang was singing happily while/when he was driving home.兩個(gè)一般時(shí)的長動(dòng)作相并列的時(shí)候， as/while/when 都可使用， 但as 更能突出“一邊-一邊”的含義。he sang as/ when /while he worked.as 還可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)省略形式的狀語從句， 這、時(shí)的as相當(dāng)于when 但不可以用when.as a child(=as/when

9、he was a child), he used to work hard and helped his father on the farm.以when/while/as 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，如果時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代。2till/until till和until 都表示“直到”， 兩個(gè)詞常可換用， 主要有下列兩種用法。（1） 如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如come, go, enter, return, start, reach, finish,等，主句用否定式， 從句用肯定式， “ not-until”結(jié)構(gòu)。he wont go to bed till/until she re

10、turns.he didnt come until he had gone over his lesson.(2) 如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞， 如 “stay, remain”等，主句用肯定式。he remained their till she arrived.you may stay here until the rain stops.【重點(diǎn)提示】 until(較正式) 引出的介詞短語和從句可以放在主句之前， 也可以置于其后。另外， 當(dāng)指一段時(shí)間，多用到它。until you told me i had no idea of it.we remained in ignorance of

11、 it until recently. till 多用于口語。 till引出的介詞短語和從句一般不能放在句首。此外， 指某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)多用它。i shall wait till ten oclock.i did not know till then. 以till/until 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，如果時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代。i wont leave until my mother comes back.3 as soon as, the moment (that), the minute (that), immediately, directly的用法。這幾個(gè)詞連接的從句都表示主從句的動(dòng)作相

12、繼發(fā)生， 間隔很短，“一-就- ”ill tell him as soon as/ the moment (that)/the minute (that)/ immediately/ directly/ i see him.【重點(diǎn)提示】如果表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 主從句均用一般過去時(shí)。the moment i saw her, i knew that she was ill.以以上連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，如果時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代。4. no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-when這幾個(gè)短語的詞義和用法基本一樣，都表示“剛-就-” i had n

13、o sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move. she had hardly got home when it began to rain. he had scarcely sat down when he heard someone knock at the door.【重點(diǎn)提示】在這些結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句的動(dòng)作先發(fā)生，用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。若這些結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首，則主句要用倒裝語序。 上述句子可相應(yīng)改為： no sooner had i arrived at the station than the train

14、started to move. hardly had she got home when it began to rain. scarcely had he sat down when he heard someone knock at the door.5. since以since引導(dǎo)的從句或短語作狀語時(shí)，主句常用完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)。 since i was a child i have lived in england. we have been friends ever since we met at school.【重點(diǎn)提示】主句若表示“已經(jīng)有多少時(shí)間”可用一般時(shí)。 how

15、long is it since you were in london? it is just a week since we arrived here.since 引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞如果是瞬間動(dòng)詞，則表示“自從這個(gè)動(dòng)作的開始”以來； 若是延續(xù)性或狀態(tài)性的動(dòng)詞則表示“自從這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)束”以來。 how long is it since you worked here? 你不在這兒工作已經(jīng)幾年了？ it is 3 years since i was ill. 我病愈以來已經(jīng)3年了。 it is just a week since we arrived here. 我到這兒已經(jīng)一周了。6by“

16、by-” “到-時(shí)候?yàn)橹埂?，已發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)某情況， 謂語動(dòng)詞多用完成時(shí)態(tài)。 perhaps she has recovered by now. by the time (that) i got home yesterday, my mother had prepared dinner. by the end of next week, we will have left this country.【重點(diǎn)提示】有時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用一般時(shí)態(tài)（多和be等表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用） by then he was more than 50 years of age. by this time next year, y

17、ou ought to have a very good knowledge of english但 by that year, he had already been a soldier for 5 years.以by引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，如果時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代。ii.原因狀語從句 1原因狀語從句通常由 “ because, as, since, for” 引導(dǎo)。其用法和區(qū)別見下表：區(qū) 別項(xiàng)目 內(nèi)涵 語氣能否回答why位置能否被強(qiáng)調(diào)because直接因果關(guān)系 強(qiáng) 能 主句前或后 能 as雙方都知道的原因 弱 不能主句前或后 不能since/now that 主句前 for從結(jié)果推斷

18、出原因弱不能 主句后 because i was ill, i didnt go to school. it was because i was ill that i didnt go to school. as you are busy, i wont waste your time. since everybody is here, lets begin. it must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. day must have broken, for birds are singing outside now.2原因狀語從句

19、還可以有now (that) (既然), seeing (that)（鑒于）, considering (that)（考慮到）等引導(dǎo)。 now that you are well again, you can travel. seeing that /since he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should now help him. it is still in excellent condition considering that it was built 600 years ago.iii. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句通常

20、由where, wherever（無論什么地方）引導(dǎo)。 where there is a will, there is a way. i like to live where the weather is pleasant. she follows him wherever he goes. sit wherever you like.【重點(diǎn)提示】 不要和where引導(dǎo)的定語從句相混淆。 we shall go where working conditions are difficult.（狀語從句） we shall go to the place where working conditi

21、ons are difficult.（定語從句） wherever 有時(shí)候的意思是“ 究竟什么地方”（=where ever） wherever did you find it?iv. 條件狀語從句 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有：if, unless, so/as long as(只要)，in case (如果，萬一)，if only( 要是，只要)，provided/proving (that) (假如)， on condition that (只要)， suppose/supposing(that)(假定) ill go there so long as he invites me. in c

22、ase i forget, please remind me about it.( 如果我忘了， 請?zhí)嵝盐? take an umbrella with you in case it rains.（ 帶把傘吧， 萬一下雨） if only he has a chance, he will do great things.（只要他有機(jī)會(huì)，他就能干大事） suppose/supposing(that) he cant come, who will do the work? providing/provided(that) there is no opposition, we shall hold

23、the meeting here.【重點(diǎn)提示】同時(shí)間狀語從句一樣，條件狀語從句如果表示將來時(shí)間， 要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。 in case 如位于句首，意思是“假如”，位于句中和句尾，意思是“萬一”v方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的連詞有：as（正如-）, as if/though（仿佛,好象），just as-so (像-那樣) please do as i do. the child talks as if he were a man. it looks as if it is/were going to rain. just as water is to fish, so air is

24、to man.空氣對于人，就像水對于魚一樣。 just as you hate mr.green, so i dislike his wife.正如你不喜歡格林一樣，我也不喜歡他妻子?！局攸c(diǎn)提示】as if/as though 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句一般用虛擬語氣， 但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，也可用陳述語氣。vi.目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有：so that(為了，以便)，that,( 以便) in order that(為了，以便) in case (以防，免除)，for fear that (以防), lest(以免) bring it nearer that i may s

25、ee it better. he studied hard so hat he might succeed. betty got up early in order that she could catch the train. i shall write it down lest i should forget. take your raincoat in case it rains.he put his money in the safe for fear that it should/may be stolen. 【重點(diǎn)提示】目的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞通常含有may, might, can,

26、 could, should , would 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞vii.結(jié)果狀語從句.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有: so(結(jié)果), so that (結(jié)果), that(結(jié)果) so-that (如此-以致于)， such-that-(如此-以致于). nothing more was heard of him, so people thought that he was dead. 沒有再聽到他的消息，所以人們都認(rèn)為他死了。 she worked very hard, that she became rich in a very short time. the train was so full th

27、at i could hardly turn around. he is such an honest woman that everybody trusts her. he worked very hard, so that he passed the examination.【重點(diǎn)提示】目的狀語從和結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別是：引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí)前面不用逗號(hào),而引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)前面常用逗號(hào)目的狀語從句中常用can, could, may, might, will , would, should 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，而結(jié)果狀語從句中一般沒這類詞。. 讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：though, a

28、lthough, even if/though（即使），however(不管怎樣)，whatever (無論什么)，wherever, no matter who(how, when, where-), while(盡管)，if(雖然)，when (雖然) whether-(or not)(不管是-還是-) though it was only 9 oclock, there were few people in the street. although he has failed many times, he doesnt give up trying. even though its ha

29、rd work, i enjoy it. however late it was(no matter how late it was), he went out. whatever you do, do it well. you cant come in, whoever you are. i am going whether it is raining or not.(= no matter whether it-) if he is little, he is strong.（他人雖小，但很結(jié)實(shí)） while i like the colour of the hat, i do not l

30、ike the shape of it.（盡管我喜歡那帽子的顏色，我不喜歡它的外形） he usually walks when he might ride. （雖然有車可乘，但他通常步行）【重點(diǎn)提示】 though 和although 的區(qū)別：有時(shí)候可以換用，但有區(qū)別： although 一般位于句首，though 而位于句首或句未。 though 與even ,as 連用，構(gòu)成even though, as though 短語，而although不可以。 though 可以放在句未， 作副詞，“然而，但是 ”，但是although 不可以。 though 還可以用在表示讓步的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，表

31、示“盡管”， 而although 不可以。child though/as he is, he know a lot.tired though/as he was, he went on working.比較狀語從句引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的連詞有：as/so-as, than, the +比較級(jí)-+the +比較級(jí) he got up as late as his brother (did). he is not so /as tall as you (are). she went to school earlier than tom did. the longer you stay here, th

32、e more you will learn. he is as tall as i (me). he is taller than i (me).【重點(diǎn)提示】 比較從句部分常常是省略句， 如上述的 當(dāng)as 或than 引導(dǎo)的從句的主語為人稱代詞時(shí)可以用主格也可用賓格，如上述的 比較級(jí)前面可加一些表示程度的狀語，如：much, very much, far, a lot, lots, a great deal, twice, 20%, a bit, a little, rather, slightly, still, even等。§狀語從句中某些成分的省略在以when, while,

33、if, as if, though, although, as, until, whether 等連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，如果謂語有be， 而主語又跟主句的主語相同或是it 時(shí)，則從句的主語和be常可省略。 when (water is) heated, water is turned into vapour. wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning. errors, if (there are) any, should be corrected. when (i am) in trouble, i always turn to her for

34、 help. while (we were) there we were thinking of you all the time. if (it is) necessary you can help us to do something. he made up his mind to finish the experiment whether (it was ) difficult or not. the letter is to be left here until ( it is) called for. he looked about as if (he were) in search

35、 of something.【點(diǎn)擊真題】【例1】 -dad, ill have finished my assignment. -good, and _ you play or watch tv, you mustnt disturb me.a. whenever b. whether c. whatever d. no matter (nmet 2003上海)【答案】b.【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查連詞在具體語境下的使用。【解析】本題的意境是：不管你玩耍還是看電視， 你不可以打擾我。相當(dāng)于: no matter whether you play or watch tv, you mustnt distu

36、rb me. 所以d 項(xiàng)不能選擇。a和c項(xiàng)明顯不對?！纠?】-was his father very strict with him when he was at school.?-yes. he had never praised him_ he became one of the top students in his grade.a. after b. unless c. until d. when (nmet 2003北京春季)【答案】c.【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查連詞在具體語境下的使用【解析】本題的意境是: “直到成了年級(jí)的最佳學(xué)生后，父親才表揚(yáng)了他。”這正好與第一句的“父親對他的要求嚴(yán)格”相

37、符合。never-until-想當(dāng)于 not -until.故選c.【例3】dont be afraid of asking for help_ it is needed.a. unless b. since c. although d. when (nmet 2003)【答案】d.【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查狀語從句中關(guān)聯(lián)詞的用法?！窘馕觥縜, c 兩項(xiàng)明顯不對。b項(xiàng)的迷惑性較大，既可以作為“自從”又可以作為“既然，因?yàn)椤苯猓亲鳛椤凹热?，因?yàn)椤苯獾臅r(shí)候常常放在句首。故選d, 作“當(dāng)-時(shí)候”解?！纠?】he made a mistake, but then he corrected the situa

38、tion _ it got worse.a. until b. when c. before d. as （nmet 2003北京）【答案】c.【例5】come and see me whenever_.a. you are convenient b. you will be convenientc. it is convenient to you d. it will be convenient to you.【答案】c【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查whenever 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。 【解析】先排除b 和d, 因?yàn)闋钫Z從句中一般將來時(shí)要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代。又因?yàn)?“對你如方便的話”應(yīng)說成“be conv

39、enient to you” , 故選c.【例6】a good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _he reaches the end of the story.a. when b. unless c. after d. until (nmet 2003 上海)【答案】d【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查連詞詞義?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)題意，“一個(gè)好的故事員應(yīng)該能牢牢地吸引住聽眾直到把故事講完?！逼渌环项}意。【例7】john shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare hi

40、s grand surprise for the party.a. which b. when c. so that d. as if （nmet2002上海）【答案】c【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查連詞使用知識(shí)?！窘馕觥繌木湟馍蠎?yīng)選c. “so that-“ 意為“以便，為了”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，a, b 和c 不能引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句?！纠?】our neighbor has _ ours.(nmet 2003北京)a. as a big house as b. as big a house as c. the same big house d. a house the same big as 【答案】b【

41、點(diǎn)撥】本題考查比較狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中的句詞位置問題?！窘馕觥靠梢詫⒚~置于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中間， 也可將比較結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語置于名詞之后。如：our neighbour has as big a house as ours.或our neighbour has a house as big as ours. 選項(xiàng)c ,d 都錯(cuò)，因?yàn)閠he same 后面常跟名詞?！就卣寡菥殹?基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)題1. i had been looking for the book for two days_ i found it at last.a. until b. when c. before d. while2. he pun

42、ished his students _ they did anything wrong.a. however b. whenever c. whatever d. whichever3. those passengers will wait here_ the bus arrives.a. until b. because c. though d. as4. hardly had we reached home _ it began to rain.a. before b. than c. as soon as d. when5. no sooner had we arrived at th

43、e cinema_ the film began.a. than b. before c. when d. as soon as6. you cant watch tv _ youve finished your homework.a. since b. until c. as d. after7. we had scarcely left our school_ the rain began.a. before b. than c. while d. when8. we have never seen her again_ she went to work in another city.a

44、. when b. as c. since d. while9. _ the fight stopped, travel across the country has been quite safe.a. since b. when c. after d. unless10. they were just about to leave_ the telephone rang.a. before b. when c. as d. than11. he hurried out of the room_ the meeting was over. a. the moment b. a moment

45、ago c. after a minute d. a minute after 12.-“did you catch the first bus this morning?” -“no. it had left the stop_ i got there.”a.as soon as b. at the time c. by the time d. during the time 13.i shall start the work _ he comes. i dont know what to do first.a. after b. until c. before d. unless14.th

46、e old man prefers to live_ the climate is mild.a. that b. which c. what d. where15. _ it is a holiday today, the children need not go to school.a. as b. when c. for d. as long as16. _ we were staying in china , we saw many interesting things.a. since b. while c. after d. during17. i got up early_ i

47、might catch the first bus.a. in order that b. in case c. for fear that d. now that18. _ we had been invited to the party, we wore our best clothes.a. though b. if c. even if d. as19. “how soon will you be able to finish your homework?” “_”a. after two hours b. in two hours c. two hours later d. for

48、two hours 20. you may use the book as you like,_ you keep it clean.a. as soon as b. for c. as long as d. as well as 能力提高題1. _ i like the color of that hat, i dont like its shape.a. that b. while c. so long as d. so2. if we work with a strong will, we can overcome the difficulty,_ great it is.a. what

49、 b. however c. whatever d. how3. i have told the story just_ it happened.a. as b. if c. then d. when4. we found people friendly_ we went.a. to which b. in which c. wherever d. to where5. the day breaks, _ the birds are singing.a. because b. as c. since d. for6. it was 12 _ they finished the work.a.

50、since b. which c. that d. when.7.why do you want a new job_ youve got such a good one already?a. that b. where c. which d. when8-what was the party like?-wonderful. it was years _ i had enjoyed myself so much.a. after b. before c. when d. since9.i thought her nice and honest _ i met her.a. first tim

51、e b. for the first time c. the first time d. by the first time10. after the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.a. that b. where c. which d. when11.john may phone tonight. i dont want to go out_ he phones.a. as long as b. in order that c. in case d. so that12. _ , m

52、other will wait for him to have dinner together.a. however late is he b. however he is late c. however is he late d. however late he is13. i think i should prefer to go on friday,_ its all the same to you.a. unless b. if c. as soon as d. though14. -the experiment is of particular importance. -i see.

53、 we will carry on with it _ we can get enough money.a. until b. unless c. whether d. however15. someone called me up in the middle of the night but they hung up_ i could answer the phone.a. as b. since c. until d. before16.-its a long time_ i saw you last. -yes, and what a pity it is since it will b

54、e a long time_ we see each other again!a. before, since b. when, when c. since, before d. when ,then17. he whispered to his wife_ he might wake up the sleeping baby.a. so that b. on condition that c. for fear that d. so long as18. i wont give you any help _ you tell me the truth. its none of my business.a. unless b. since c. if d. even if19. i was so familiar with him that i recognized his voice_ i picked up the phone.a. immediately b. quickly c. suddenly d. hurriedly20. -can i join you in the game? -sorry, not_ you have finished your homework.a. if b. since c. unless d. that 高考沖刺題1. i though