英語基礎(chǔ)寫作,簡(jiǎn)單句與并列句

1、寫作技巧點(diǎn)撥系列(一)學(xué)好五種基本句型, 搞定簡(jiǎn)單句【核心點(diǎn)撥核心點(diǎn)撥】 文章由句子組成文章由句子組成, 寫好句子是寫作的基礎(chǔ)。英語句子看上去紛繁寫好句子是寫作的基礎(chǔ)。英語句子看上去紛繁龐雜龐雜, 但不外乎五種基本句式。這五種基本句式可以演變出多種復(fù)雜但不外乎五種基本句式。這五種基本句式可以演變出多種復(fù)雜的英語句子。的英語句子。1. 主語主語+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語表語(S+V+P)這是英語中一個(gè)最基本的句型。例如這是英語中一個(gè)最基本的句型。例如: English is very useful. 除了系動(dòng)詞除了系動(dòng)詞be外外, 還有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞還有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞, 如表感覺的

2、動(dòng)詞如表感覺的動(dòng)詞feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem等等; 表轉(zhuǎn)變或變化的動(dòng)詞表轉(zhuǎn)變或變化的動(dòng)詞become, get, grow, turn, go等等; 表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞remain, keep, seem, hold, stay等等; 表瞬時(shí)的動(dòng)詞表瞬時(shí)的動(dòng)詞come, fall, set, cut, occur等。等。在這個(gè)句型中在這個(gè)句型中, 表語可以是形容詞、名詞、代詞、分詞、不定式、動(dòng)表語可以是形容詞、名詞、代詞、分詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語或個(gè)別副詞等。例如名詞、介詞短語或個(gè)別副詞等。例如: Nowadays,

3、after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools. (表語為動(dòng)名詞表語為動(dòng)名詞)(2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)I will be twenty-eight years old by then. (表語表語為名詞為名詞)My dream is to study abroad. (表語為不定式表語為不定式)2. 主語主語+不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞(S+Vi)在這一句型中在這一句型中, 謂語是不及物動(dòng)詞謂語是不及物動(dòng)詞, 所以其后不接賓語。但可以接副詞、所以其后不接賓語。但可以接副詞、介詞短語、不定式

4、、分詞、從句等作狀語。例如介詞短語、不定式、分詞、從句等作狀語。例如: Im writing to ask for help. (2014江西高考江西高考)In the coming three years, your school life will be challenging. More than 100, 000 people died per year because of passive smoking. 3. 主語主語+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語賓語(S+Vt+O)在這一句型中在這一句型中, 謂語是及物動(dòng)詞謂語是及物動(dòng)詞, 其后接賓語。作賓語的可以為其后接賓語。作賓語的可以為: 名詞

5、、名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等。例如代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等。例如: (2014四川高考四川高考)Let me share my thoughts and feelings about my college entrance examination. (賓語為名詞賓語為名詞)On May 12, 2008, a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school, leaving badly-damaged buildings. (賓語為代詞賓語為代詞)I enjoy reading classic book

6、s. (賓語為動(dòng)名詞賓語為動(dòng)名詞)I dont think(that)this kind of action is right. (賓語為從句賓語為從句)4. 主語主語+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語間接賓語+直接賓語直接賓語(S+Vt+IO+DO)在這一句型中在這一句型中, 謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞(或由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的短語或由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的短語)不僅是及物動(dòng)詞不僅是及物動(dòng)詞, 而且而且還要接兩個(gè)賓語還要接兩個(gè)賓語, 即一個(gè)指人的間接賓語即一個(gè)指人的間接賓語, 一個(gè)指物的直接賓語。通常一個(gè)指物的直接賓語。通常間接賓語在前間接賓語在前, 直接賓語在后。例如直接賓語在后。例如: The picture shows u

7、s a touching moment. (2014湖北高考湖北高考)A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation. 5. 主語主語+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語(S+Vt+O+C)此結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語后需跟上賓語補(bǔ)足語意思才完整此結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語后需跟上賓語補(bǔ)足語意思才完整, 賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。能夠作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。能夠作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、帶語、帶to

8、和不帶和不帶to的不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等。例如的不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等。例如: (2014湖南高考湖南高考)Traditional water bottle makes it inconvenient for travelers to have a comfortable drink anytime and anywhere. (不定式不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語作賓語補(bǔ)足語)Too many ready answers online make us less excited in finding the truth. (形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語)【即時(shí)應(yīng)用即時(shí)應(yīng)用】1. 用下面

9、所給的動(dòng)詞作謂語用下面所給的動(dòng)詞作謂語, 按要求完成下面句子按要求完成下面句子leaveThey _(將離開將離開)tomorrow. (主謂主謂)The boy _(把書落在這里把書落在這里)yesterday. (主謂賓主謂賓)Tom always _(做不完作業(yè)做不完作業(yè))at night. (主謂賓賓補(bǔ)主謂賓賓補(bǔ))His grandfather _(留給兒子一所大房子留給兒子一所大房子)after his death. (主謂間賓直賓主謂間賓直賓)will leaveleft his book hereleaves his homework unfinishedleft his son

10、 a big househelpDoes this _(有用有用)? (主謂主謂)Who will _(幫助你幫助你)tomorrow? (主謂賓主謂賓)Jack often _(幫助別人做作業(yè)幫助別人做作業(yè)). (主謂賓賓主謂賓賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ))writeWe _(用鋼筆寫字用鋼筆寫字). (主謂主謂)She often _(寫報(bào)告寫報(bào)告)for a newspaper. (主謂賓主謂賓)She _(給我寫信給我寫信)last week. (主謂間賓直賓主謂間賓直賓)helphelp youhelps others do homeworkwrite with penswrites reportwrot

11、e me a lettergetHe _(得到一本書得到一本書)yesterday. (主謂賓主謂賓)Can you _(給我一些面包給我一些面包)? (主謂直賓間賓主謂直賓間賓)The days _(變長(zhǎng)變長(zhǎng))in summer. (主系表主系表)got a bookget some bread for meare getting longer2. 按要求完成句子按要求完成句子She gave me her telephone number. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)She gave _ _ _ to _. Ill make you some fresh tea. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Ill make some fresh tea _ you. I dont know what to do. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)I dont know _ _ _ _. her telephone numbermeforwhat I should do請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我解釋一下。請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我解釋一下。Permit me _ _. 我看見她正在跑步。我看見她正在跑步。I saw her _. 我聽到有人叫我的名字。我聽到有人叫我的名字。I heard my name _. 我喜歡聽這首歌。我喜歡聽這首歌。I enjoy _ _ the