復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的用法

1、GrammarThe revision of v-ing動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing在句子中可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、在句子中可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。賓補(bǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。一一. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)1. 請(qǐng)找出下列句子的主語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)找出下列句子的主語(yǔ)。1) Smoking does harm to our health.2) Playing basketball is so interesting.3) Working hard when you are young can help you live a better life when you are old.2. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-in

2、g形式作主語(yǔ)的幾個(gè)常用句型：形式作主語(yǔ)的幾個(gè)常用句型：1) 做某事沒(méi)有好處：做某事沒(méi)有好處： _2) 做某事沒(méi)有用處：做某事沒(méi)有用處： _/ _3) 做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的: _4) 值得做某事：值得做某事：_5) 做某事毫無(wú)意義：做某事毫無(wú)意義：_6) There is no joking about such matters. _It is no good doing sth.It is no use / useless doing sth.It is useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing sth.It is worthw

3、hile doing sth.There is no point doing sth.這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。二二. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)1. 請(qǐng)找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)。1) He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. (_賓賓)2) However, he doesnt care about being famous. (_賓賓)2. 常跟動(dòng)詞常跟動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞: suggest, admit, avoid, keep, a

4、dvocate, mind, practice, risk, quit等。等。 常跟動(dòng)詞常跟動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語(yǔ)的的短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)的的短語(yǔ): feel like(想要想要), lead to, be busy, be worth, be addicted to, be accustomed / be used to, subscribe to, object to, pay attention to, look forward to, devoteto, be opposed to, have difficulty/ trouble (in) 等。等。動(dòng)動(dòng)介介3. 既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)

5、詞既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞, 常見(jiàn)的有常見(jiàn)的有: love, like, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try等。等。但是有一些動(dòng)詞后接但是有一些動(dòng)詞后接v-ing形式形式/不定式結(jié)構(gòu)意義完全不同不定式結(jié)構(gòu)意義完全不同注意注意: remember doing _ remember to do _forget doing _ forget to do _regret doing _ regret to do _mean doing _ mean to do _tr

6、y doing _ try to do _stop doing _ stop to do _go on doing _ go on to do _ 記得做過(guò)某事記得做過(guò)某事記得要去做某事記得要去做某事忘記做了某事忘記做了某事忘記要去做忘記要去做后悔做了某事后悔做了某事很遺憾要去做很遺憾要去做意味著做某事意味著做某事打算做某事打算做某事嘗試做某事嘗試做某事盡力做某事盡力做某事停止做某事停止做某事停下來(lái)做另一事停下來(lái)做另一事繼續(xù)做某事繼續(xù)做某事接下來(lái)做另一件事接下來(lái)做另一件事三三. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) My job is _ (teach) English. (放在放在_動(dòng)詞后面動(dòng)詞后面

7、)四四. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)1. 表用途。表用途。e.g. a waiting room=a room _2. 表正在進(jìn)行，可以相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表正在進(jìn)行，可以相當(dāng)于一個(gè)_從句。從句。e.g. I saw a waiting man there. =I saw a man _ there.teaching系系for waiting定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)who was waiting練習(xí)：練習(xí)：1) They are visitors who come from several countries. (用分詞作定語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作定語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子) 2) Three days later I received

8、 a letter which offered me the job. (用分詞作定語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作定語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子) They are visitors coming from several countries.Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.五五. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)1. 常接常接v-ing形式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞形式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, listen feel, find等等1) When I passed the tree, I

9、saw a girl _ (cry) under it.2) Many people felt the house _ (shake).2. 常接動(dòng)詞常接動(dòng)詞v-ing做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有使役動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有使役動(dòng)詞have, keep, get, leave等等 Dont leave me _ (wait) outside in the rain.練習(xí)：練習(xí)：1) The teacher found that his students were talking loudly in class. (用分詞作賓補(bǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作賓補(bǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)cryingshakingwaitingT

10、he teacher found his students talking loudly in class.六六. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing在句子中可以充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、在句子中可以充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、結(jié)果、方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)。結(jié)果、方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)。判斷下列句子中動(dòng)詞判斷下列句子中動(dòng)詞-ing充當(dāng)什么狀語(yǔ)并進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換充當(dāng)什么狀語(yǔ)并進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 Seeing those pictures, he couldnt help thinking of those days

11、in Australia. =_ those pictures, he couldnt help thinking of those days in Australia.2. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 Being so poor, the parents couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital. =_ so poor, the parents couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital.When he sawBecause they were3

12、. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作條件狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 Given more time, hell do it better. =_ more time, hell do it better.4. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作讓步狀語(yǔ)讓步狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 Being poor, he lives a happy life. =_, he lives a happy life.Though/ Although he is poorIf he is given 5. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，可以用，可以用and連接

13、。連接。 The bus fell into the river, causing the deaths of 50 people. =The bus fell into the river _ the deaths of 50 people.6. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing作作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，可以用，可以用and連接。連接。 They went into the classroom, laughing happily. = They went into the classroom _ happily.and it causedand laughed練習(xí)：練習(xí)：1) When they h

14、eard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子) 2) While she was playing the piano, she got very excited. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)3) After they had finished their homework, they all went out to play. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.Playing the p

15、iano, she got very excited.Having finished their homework, they all went out to play.4) Because he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)5) As he didnt recognize the voice, he refused to give the person his address.(用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)6) Although he worked from morning till n

16、ight, he didnt get enough food. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address.Working from morning till night, he didnt get enough food.7) If you work hard, youll succeed. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)8) Though he had been

17、told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子) 9) The plane was held up by the snowstorm and it caused the delay. (用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子用分詞作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)10) I stood for a minute and looked at the blue sky. Working hard, youll succeed.Having been told many times, he still repeated the sam

18、e mistake.The planed was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.I stood for a minute, looking at the blue sky.七七. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing一般式和完成式的區(qū)別一般式和完成式的區(qū)別V-ing 的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和否定形式的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和否定形式形式 主 動(dòng)被 動(dòng)一般式doing 完成式否定式being done having done having been done not doing/ not being done/ not having done/ not having been do

19、ne一般式表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，完成式表示動(dòng)作有明顯的一般式表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，完成式表示動(dòng)作有明顯的先后順序。先后順序。一般式表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，完成式表示動(dòng)作有明顯的一般式表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，完成式表示動(dòng)作有明顯的先后順序。先后順序。1) _ (see) the beautiful scenery, the children felt excited.2) _ (write) the letter, John went to the post office.3) _ (tell) many times, the boy knew how to spell the English word.4) _

20、(not know) how to do it, he had to ask for help.5) _ (not receive) any reply, he decided to write another letter.Seeing Having written Having been told Not knowingNot having received 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分詞分詞 (短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)) 作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。如果不一致，必須用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，也一致。如果不一致，必須用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，也就是在分詞前面加上它的

21、邏輯主語(yǔ)。就是在分詞前面加上它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。 e.g. Because the boy led the way, we had no trouble finding the new school. =_leading the way, we had no trouble finding the new school.1) When winter comes, it gets colder and colder. =_ _, it gets colder and colder.2) After the rain had stopped, he went out for a walk. =_ _ _

22、 _, he went out for a walk.Winter coming The rain having stopped The boy九九. 需要記憶的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：需要記憶的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：1. Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday.2. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.3. Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada.4. Considering his age, he looks quite young.,下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，找出這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤并將下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，找出這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤并將其改正。其改正。 1, Seeing the film before, he decided to stay at home to night. _ 2, Having knocked down by a car, he spent a week