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1、一、實驗目標1、 掌握PPP的基本配置。掌握廣域網(wǎng)鏈路通信質量測試方式。2、 理解PPP協(xié)商過程,PAP/CHAP認證過程,掌握PPP調試3、 掌握PPP Multilink的配置及測試。二、實驗拓撲 三、實驗內(nèi)容1、 基本信息配置RT1Router>enable /進入全局模式Router#configure terminal/進入特權模式 Router(config)#hostname RT1/命名主機名RT1(config)#no ip domain lookup/禁用域名查找RT1(config)#line console 0/進入
2、console線口RT1(config-line)#logging synchronous/自動換行RT1(config-line)#no login/配置登陸不需要認證RT1(config-line)#privilege level 15/配置console為最高權限RT1(config-line)#exec-timeout 0/配置超時為0 RT1(config-line)#exit/退出線口RT1(config)#line vty 04 /進入線口RT1(config-line)#no login /配置登陸不需要認證RT1(config-line)#privilege level 15
3、/配置該線口為最高權限RT1(config-line)#exit/退出線口 RT3Router>enable Router#configure terminal Router(config)#hostname RT3RT3(config)#no ip domain lookup RT3(config)#line console 0RT3(config-line)#logging synchronous RT3(config-line)#no login RT3(config-line)#privilege level 15RT3(config-line)#exec-timeou
4、t 0RT3(config-line)#exitRT3(config)#line vty 04 RT3(config-line)#no login RT3(config-line)#privilege level 15RT3(config-line)#exit2、 PPP基本配置RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#clock rate 1000000/配置DCE端時鐘頻率RT1(config-if)#encapsulation ppp/配置數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層封裝協(xié)議RT1(config-if)#ip address 10.
5、10.13.1 255.255.255.0/配置ip地址RT1(config-if)#no shutdown/打開接口RT1(config-if)#exit/退出接口 RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(config-if)#encapsulation ppp/配置數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層封裝協(xié)議RT3(config-if)#ip address 10.10.13.2 255.255.255.0/配置ip地址RT3(config-if)#no shutdown/打開接口RT3(config-if)#exit/退出接口3、 RT1
6、RT3廣域網(wǎng)鏈路通信質量測試RT3#ping 10.10.13.1 size 46 repeat 1000/小包測試Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 1000, 46-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.13.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent (1000/1000), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/16/64 ms無丟包RT3#ping 10.10.13.1 size 8100 repeat 1000/大包測試Type escape seque
7、nce to abort.Sending 1000, 8100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.13.1, timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent (1000/1000), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/67/148 ms 無丟包RT3#ping 10.10.13.1 size 1500 df-bit repeat 1000/滿MTU測試Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 1000, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.13.1
8、, timeout is 2 seconds:Packet sent with the DF bit set!Success rate is 100 percent (1000/1000), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/15/72 ms無丟包4、 PPP自動獲取IP地址調試 RT1(config)#ip local pool ppp-ip-pool 10.10.1.11 10.10.1.200/配置ip地址池RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#no ip address/清除上步配置的ip
9、地址 RT1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0RT1(config-if)#peer default ip address pool ppp-ip-pool/對端DTE缺失ip地址從此ip地址池獲取RT1(config-if)#ppp ipcp dns 202.103.96.68/配置DNS服務器RT1(config-if)#exit/退出接口 RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(config-if)#shutdown/關閉接口 RT3(config-if)#no ip addre
10、ss/清除ip地址,此步是為了去掉ip地址后自動獲取RT3(config-if)#ip address negotiated /啟用ip地址自動協(xié)商RT3(config-if)#ppp ipcp dns request/啟用DNS自動協(xié)商RT3(config-if)#exit/退出接口5、 IPCP獲取IP地址調試/在RT3上打開debug ppp negotiation,然后將serial0/0打開,查看協(xié)商過程RT3#debug ppp negotiation /啟用PPP ip地址協(xié)商PPP protocol negotiation debugging is onRT3#co
11、nfigure terminal RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0RT3(config-if)#no shutdown*Mar 1 00:46:53.315: Se0/0 IPCP: I CONFNAK ACKsent id 2 len 16*Mar 1 00:46:53.315: Se0/0 IPCP: Address 10.10.1.11 (0x03060A0A010B)*Mar 1 00:46:53.315: Se0/0 IPCP: PrimaryDNS 202.103.96.68 (0x8106CA676044)*Mar 1 00:46:53.315:
12、Se0/0 IPCP: O CONFREQ ACKsent id 3 len 16*Mar 1 00:46:53.315: Se0/0 IPCP: Address 10.10.1.11 (0x03060A0A010B)*Mar 1 00:46:53.315: Se0/0 IPCP: PrimaryDNS 202.103.96.68 (0x8106CA676044)*Mar 1 00:46:53.323: Se0/0 IPCP: I CONFACK ACKsent id 3 len 16*Mar 1 00:46:53RT3(config-if)#.323: Se0/0 IPCP: Address
13、 10.10.1.11 (0x03060A0A010B)*Mar 1 00:46:53.323: Se0/0 IPCP: PrimaryDNS 202.103.96.68 (0x8106CA676044)*Mar 1 00:46:53.323: Se0/0 IPCP: State is Open*Mar 1 00:46:53.323: Se0/0 IPCP: Install negotiated IP interface address 10.10.1.11*Mar 1 00:46:53.335: Se0/0 IPCP: Install route to 10.10.1.1*Mar 1 00:
14、46:53.351: Se0/0 IPCP: Add link info for cef entry 10.10.1.1*Mar 1 00:46:54.255: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upRT3#undebug all/關閉調試Port Statistics for unclassified packets is not turned on.All possible debugging has been turned off RT3#show ip interfac
15、e brief /查看端口信息Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolSerial0/0 10.10.1.11 YES IPCP up up 6、 PPP PAP單向認證調試 本步目的:PPP PAP單向認證成功,RT1、RT3相連接口UP(1) 認證方配置 RT1(config)#username usera password passa /配置用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)
16、#no ip address/清除ip地址 RT1(config-if)#no peer default ip address /關閉ip地址自動獲取RT1(config-if)#no ppp ipcp dns/關閉DNS自動獲取RT1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.12.1 255.255.255.252RT1(config-if)#ppp authentication pap/啟用PAP認證(2) 被認證方配置 RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(
17、config-if)#shutdown/關閉端口RT3(config-if)#no ip address negotiated/關閉ip地址自動協(xié)商RT3(config-if)#no ppp ipcp dns /關閉DNS自動獲取RT3(config-if)#ip address 10.10.12.2 255.255.255.252RT3(config-if)#ppp pap sent-username usera password passa/配置PAP 用于認證的用戶名和密碼(3) PAP 單向認證調試/在RT1上打開
18、debug ppp authentication,將RT3的serial0/0打開,查看調試信息RT1#debug ppp authentication / PPP認證調試PPP authentication debugging is on RT3#debug ppp authentication / PPP認證調試PPP authentication debugging is onRT3#configure terminal RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0RT3(config-if)#no shutdown *Mar 1 01:15:51.523:
19、 %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up*Mar 1 01:15:51.527: Se0/0 PPP: Using default call direction*Mar 1 01:15:51.531: Se0/0 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line*Mar 1 01:15:51.531: Se0/0 PPP: Session handleE3000003 Session id4*Mar 1 01:15:51.535: Se0/0 PPP: Authorization
20、required*Mar 1 01:15:51.603: Se0/0 PPP: No authorization without authentication*Mar 1 01:15:51.607: Se0/0 PAP: Using hostname from interface PAP*Mar 1 01:15:51.607: Se0/0 PAP: Using password from interface PAP*Mar 1 01:15:51.611: Se0/0 PAP: O AUTH-REQ id 1 len 16 from "usera"*Mar 1 01:15:5
21、1.671: Se0/0 PAP: I AUTH-ACK id 1 len 5*Mar 1 01:15:52.675: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upRT1#undebug allRT3#undebug all(4) 過程分析:由被認證方發(fā)起,RT3將自己的用戶名(usera)和密碼(passa)發(fā)送給認證方RT1,RT1收到后,查用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫中有對應條目回復認證通7、 PPP
22、 CHAP 單向認證(1)認證方配置RT1(config)#no username usera/清除上步的用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#no ppp authentication/關閉PPP調試RT1(config-if)#exit/退出接口RT1(config)#username usera password passa/配置用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#ppp authentication chap/啟用CHAP認證(2)被
23、認證方配置RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(config-if)#shutdown/關閉端口RT3(config-if)#no ppp pap sent-username /清除上步PAP認證用戶名RT3(config-if)#ppp chap hostname usera/配置CHAP認證默認用戶名,用于發(fā)送給主認證方的RT3(config-if)#ppp chap password passa/配置默認密碼(3)CHAP單向認證調試RT1#debug ppp authentication/PPP認證調試PPP authentication d
24、ebugging is on RT3#debug ppp authentication /PPP認證調試PPP authentication debugging is onRT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(config-if)#no shutdown/打開接口 *Mar 1 01:51:55.887: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up*Mar 1 01:51:55.891: Se0/0 PPP: Using default call directi
25、on*Mar 1 01:51:55.895: Se0/0 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line*Mar 1 01:51:55.895: Se0/0 PPP: Session handleB9000004 Session id5*Mar 1 01:51:55.899: Se0/0 PPP: Authorization required*Mar 1 01:51:55.963: Se0/0 PPP: No authorization without authentication*Mar 1 01:51:55.975: Se0/0 CHAP: I C
26、HALLENGE id 1 len 24 from "RT1"*Mar 1 01:51:55.983: Se0/0 CHAP: Using hostname from interface CHAP*Mar 1 01:51:55.987: Se0/0 CHAP: Using password from interface CHAP*Mar 1 01:51:55.987: Se0/0 CHAP: O RESPONSE id 1 len 26 from "usera"*Mar 1 01:51:56.027: Se0/0 CHAP: I SUCCESS id 1
27、 len 4*Mar 1 01:51:57.031: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upRT1#show ip interface briefInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolSerial0/0 10.10.12.1 YES manual up up RT3#show ip interface briefInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolSerial0/0
28、 10.10.12.2 YES manual up up RT1#undebug all RT3#undebug all(4)、認證過程分析由認證方發(fā)起認證,認證方RT1發(fā)送挑戰(zhàn)信息,挑戰(zhàn)信息包括:01,ID,隨機數(shù),用戶名RT1被認證方RT3收到挑戰(zhàn)信息后,根據(jù)收到的用戶名查找用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有對應項,使用默認密碼,RT3根據(jù)ID,隨機數(shù),和密碼用MD5算法生成hash值,然后回復RT1,回復信息包括:02,ID,HASH值,用戶名useraRT1收到回復信息后,根據(jù)RT3發(fā)過來的用戶名,查找用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,根據(jù)ID,保存的隨機數(shù),和查找到的密碼,經(jīng)過MD5算法生成HASH值,與RT3發(fā)過來的
29、HASH值比較,相同,RT1回復認證通過8、PPP PAP 雙向認證調試(1)RT1RT1(config)#no username usera/清除上不用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#no ppp authentication/關閉PPP調試RT1(config-if)#exit/退出接口RT1(config)#username usera password passa/配置用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#ppp authentic
30、ation pap/啟用PAP認證 RT1(config-if)#ppp pap sent-username userb password passb/配置用于認證的用戶名和密碼(2)RT3RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(config-if)#shutdown/關閉接口 RT3(config-if)#no ppp chap hostname/清除上步CHAP默認主機名 RT3(config-if)#no ppp chap password /清除上步CHAP默認密碼RT3(config-if)#exit/退出接口RT3(config)#user
31、name userb password passb/配置用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(config-if)#ppp authentication pap/啟用PAP認證RT3(config-if)#ppp pap sent-username usera password passa/配置用于認證的用戶名和密碼(3)PAP 雙向認證調試RT1#debug ppp authentication /啟用PPP調試PPP authentication debugging is on RT3#debug ppp authentica
32、tion /在RT3上啟用PPP調試PPP authentication debugging is on RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0RT3(config-if)#no shutdown *Mar 1 02:25:44.423: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up*Mar 1 02:25:44.427: Se0/0 PPP: Using default call direction*Mar 1 02:25:44.431: Se0/0 PPP: Treating
33、 connection as a dedicated line*Mar 1 02:25:44.431: Se0/0 PPP: Session handle6F000005 Session id6*Mar 1 02:25:44.435: Se0/0 PPP: Authorization required*Mar 1 02:25:44.503: Se0/0 PAP: Using hostname from interface PAP*Mar 1 02:25:44.503: Se0/0 PAP: Using password from interface PAP*Mar 1 02:25:44.507
34、: Se0/0 PAP: O AUTH-REQ id 2 len 16 from "usera"*Mar 1 02:25:44.531: Se0/0 PAP: I AUTH-REQ id 1 len 16 from "userb"*Mar 1 02:25:44.531: Se0/0 PAP: Authenticating peer userb*Mar 1 02:25:44.539: Se0/0 PPP: Sent PAP LOGIN Request*Mar 1 02:25:44.539: Se0/0 PPP: Received LOGIN Respons
35、e PASS*Mar 1 02:25:44.543: Se0/0 PPP: Sent LCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:25:44.547: Se0/0 PPP: Sent IPCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:25:44.555: Se0/0 LCP: Received AAA AUTHOR Response PASS*Mar 1 02:25:44.559: Se0/0 IPCP: Received AAA AUTHOR Response PASS*Mar 1 02:25:44.563: Se0/0 PAP: O AUTH-ACK id 1 len
36、5*Mar 1 02:25:44.567: Se0/0 PAP: I AUTH-ACK id 2 len 5*Mar 1 02:25:44.575: Se0/0 PPP: Sent CDPCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:25:44.583: Se0/0 CDPCP: Received AAA AUTHOR Response PASS*Mar 1 02:25:44.607: Se0/0 PPP: Sent IPCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:25:45.567: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interfa
37、ce Serial0/0, changed state to upRT1#show ip interface briefInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolSerial0/0 10.10.12.1 YES manual up upRT3#show ip interface briefInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolSerial0/0 10.10.12.2 YES manual up up RT1#undebug allRT3#undebug all(4)認證過程分析 1、RT
38、1將自己的用戶名(userb)和密碼(passb)發(fā)送給RT3,RT3收到后,查用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫中有對應條目,回復認證通過2、RT3將自己的用戶名(usera)和密碼(passa)發(fā)送給認證方RT1,RT1收到后,查用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫中有對應條目,回復認證通過3、當有一方認證不通過時,鏈路將不能建立連接,進行雙向認證時,認證方與被認證方是相對的9、PPP CHAP 雙向認證配置與調試(1)RT1RT1(config)#no username usera/清除上步用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#no pp
39、p authentication/關閉PPP調試 RT1(config-if)#no ppp pap sent-username /清除上步PAP認證用戶名RT1(config-if)#exit/退出接口RT1(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT1(config-if)#ppp authentication chap/啟用CHAP認證RT1(config-if)#ppp chap hostname RTA/配置CHAP默認用戶名RT1(config-if)#exit/退出接口RT1(config)#username RTB password passab/配
40、置用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫 RT3(config)#no username userb/清除上步用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/接入接口RT3(config-if)#shutdown /關閉端口 RT3(config-if)#no ppp authentication/關閉PPP認證調試RT3(config-if)#no ppp pap sent-username/清除上步PAP用于認證的用戶名RT3(config-if)#exit/退出接口RT3(config)#interface serial 0/0/進入接口RT3(config-if)#
41、ppp authentication chap/啟用CHAP認證RT3(config-if)#ppp chap hostname RTB/配置CHAP認證默認用戶名RT3(config-if)#exit/退出接口RT3(config)#username RTA password passab/配置用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫(2)CHAP認證調試RT1#debug ppp authentication PPP authentication debugging is onRT3#debug ppp authentication PPP authentication debugging is onRT3(confi
42、g)#interface serial 0/0RT3(config-if)#no shutdown *Mar 1 02:37:44.919: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up*Mar 1 02:37:44.923: Se0/0 PPP: Using default call direction*Mar 1 02:37:44.927: Se0/0 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line*Mar 1 02:37:44.927: Se0/0 PPP: Session ha
43、ndleF0000006 Session id7*Mar 1 02:37:44.931: Se0/0 PPP: Authorization required*Mar 1 02:37:44.963: Se0/0 CHAP: O CHALLENGE id 1 len 24 from "RTB"*Mar 1 02:37:45.015: Se0/0 CHAP: I CHALLENGE id 2 len 24 from "RTA"*Mar 1 02:37:45.019: Se0/0 CHAP: I RESPONSE id 1 len 24 from "R
44、TA"*Mar 1 02:37:45.027: Se0/0 CHAP: Using hostname from interface CHAP*Mar 1 02:37:45.027: Se0/0 CHAP: Using password from AAA*Mar 1 02:37:45.027: Se0/0 CHAP: O RESPONSE id 2 len 24 from "RTB"*Mar 1 02:37:45.031: Se0/0 PPP: Sent CHAP LOGIN Request*Mar 1 02:37:45.031: Se0/0 PPP: Receiv
45、ed LOGIN Response PASS*Mar 1 02:37:45.031: Se0/0 PPP: Sent LCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:37:45.035: Se0/0 PPP: Sent IPCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:37:45.043: Se0/0 LCP: Received AAA AUTHOR Response PASS*Mar 1 02:37:45.043: Se0/0 IPCP: Received AAA AUTHOR Response PASS*Mar 1 02:37:45.043: Se0/0 CHAP: O S
46、UCCESS id 1 len 4*Mar 1 02:37:45.083: Se0/0 CHAP: I SUCCESS id 2 len 4*Mar 1 02:37:45.091: Se0/0 PPP: Sent CDPCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:37:45.099: Se0/0 PPP: Sent IPCP AUTHOR Request*Mar 1 02:37:45.111: Se0/0 CDPCP: Received AAA AUTHOR Response PASS*Mar 1 02:37:46.083: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line pro
47、tocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upRT1#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolSerial0/0 10.10.12.1 YES manual up upRT3#show ip interface briefInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolSerial0/0 10.10.12.2 YES manual up up Serial0/1 unassigned YES un
48、set administratively down down (3)認證過程分析1、RT1發(fā)送挑戰(zhàn)信息,挑戰(zhàn)信息包括:01,ID,隨機數(shù),用戶名RTART3收到挑戰(zhàn)信息后,根據(jù)收到的用戶名查找用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,發(fā)現(xiàn)有對應項,密碼(passb),RT3根據(jù)ID,隨機數(shù),和密碼用MD5算法生成hash值,然后回復給RT1,回復信息包括:02,ID,HASH值,用戶名RTBRT1收到回復信息后,根據(jù)RT3發(fā)過來的用戶名,查找用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,根據(jù)ID,保存的隨機數(shù),和查找到的密碼(passb),經(jīng)過MD5算法生成HASH值,與RT3發(fā)過來的HASH值比較,相同,RT1回復認證通過2、 RT3發(fā)送挑戰(zhàn)信息,挑戰(zhàn)信
49、息包括:01,ID,隨機數(shù),用戶名RTB被認證方RT1收到挑戰(zhàn)信息后,根據(jù)收到的用戶名查找用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,發(fā)現(xiàn)有對應項,密碼(passb),RT1根據(jù)ID,隨機數(shù),和密碼用MD5算法生成hash值,然后回復RT3,回復信息包括:02,ID,HASH值,用戶名RTBRT3收到回復信息后,根據(jù)RT1發(fā)過來的用戶名,查找用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫,根據(jù)ID,保存的隨機數(shù),和查找到的密碼(passb),經(jīng)過MD5算法生成HASH值,與RT3發(fā)過來的HASH值比較,相同,RT3回復認證通過 3、當有一方認證不通過時,鏈路將不能建立連接,進行雙向認證時,認證方與被認證方是相對的、10、PPP Multilink 配置與調試此步驟將前面配置信息全部清空(1)RT1與RT3的基本信息配置(與第一步基本信息配置相同,不再貼出來)實驗拓撲=(2)PPP Multilink配置RT1RT1(config)#interface multilink 1/創(chuàng)建鏈路組1RT1(config-if)#ppp multilink /啟用PPP多鏈路協(xié)議RT1(config-if)#ppp multilink group 1RT1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.12.1 255.255.255.252RT1(config-if)#no shutdown RT1(confi
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