智能傳感器作業(yè)

1、智能傳感器作業(yè) 研二隊(duì)：白福忠 學(xué)號(hào)：201420591、分別采用查表法、曲線擬合法和函數(shù)鏈神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)法實(shí)現(xiàn)表-1（舊版5-1）所示傳感器特性的非線性校正。通過數(shù)據(jù)分析評(píng)價(jià)三種方法的結(jié)果； 分別采用上述方法驗(yàn)證示例4-1。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。查表法x1=5.23,4.39,3.69,3.12,2.68,2.34,2.09,1.92,1.81;x2=5.06,4.31,3.68,3.17,2.77,2.46,2.24,2.09,1.99;x3=5.62,4.68,3.87,3.19,2.62,2.17,1.82,1.58,1.43;u0=250,500,750,1000,

2、1250,1500,1750,2000,2250;umax=max(u0);n=length(u0);plot(u0./umax,x1,'r-',u0./umax,x2,'g-',u0./umax,x3,'b-');title('查表法');xlabel('f/fmax');ylabel('Cp(%)');legend('Sensor1','Sensor2','Sensor3');曲線擬合法x1=5.23,4.39,3.69,3.12,2.68,2.3

3、4,2.09,1.92,1.81;x2=5.06,4.31,3.68,3.17,2.77,2.46,2.24,2.09,1.99;x3=5.62,4.68,3.87,3.19,2.62,2.17,1.82,1.58,1.43;u0=250,500,750,1000,1250,1500,1750,2000,2250;umax=max(u0);p1=polyfit(u0,x1,3);poly2sym(p1);x11=polyval(p1,u0); p2=polyfit(u0,x2,3);x22=polyval(p2,u0); p3=polyfit(u0,x3,3);x33=polyval(p3,u

4、0); plot(u0./umax,x11,'r-',u0./umax,x22,'g-',u0./umax,x33,'b-');title('曲線擬合法');xlabel('f/fmax');ylabel('Cp(%)');legend('Sensor1','Sensor2','Sensor3');函數(shù)鏈神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)法x1=5.23,4.39,3.69,3.12,2.68,2.34,2.09,1.92,1.81;x2=5.06,4.31,3.68,3.17

5、,2.77,2.46,2.24,2.09,1.99;x3=5.62,4.68,3.87,3.19,2.62,2.17,1.82,1.58,1.43;u0=250,500,750,1000,1250,1500,1750,2000,2250; net=newff(minmax(u0),10 1,'tansig','purelin');net.trainParam.epochs=50;net.trainParam.goal=0.01;net=train(net,u0,x1);x11=sim(net,u0); figure(1)plot(u0,x1,'r-

6、9;,u0,x11,'g-');title('Sensor1');legend('原數(shù)據(jù),'擬合數(shù)據(jù)'); net=newff(minmax(u0),10 1,'tansig','purelin');net.trainParam.epochs=50;net.trainParam.goal=0.01;net=train(net,u0,x1);x22=sim(net,u0); figure(2)plot(u0,x2,'r-',u0,x22,'g-');title('Sen

7、sor2');legend('原數(shù)據(jù),'擬合數(shù)據(jù)'); net=newff(minmax(u0),10 1,'tansig','purelin');net.trainParam.epochs=50;net.trainParam.goal=0.01;net=train(net,u0,x1);x33=sim(net,u0); figure(3)plot(u0,x3,'r-',u0,x33,'g-');title('Sensor3');legend('原數(shù)據(jù)','擬

8、合數(shù)據(jù)');2、以4-41式為算式，以圖4-21所示系統(tǒng)為例，編程驗(yàn)證示例4-2采用數(shù)字濾波器進(jìn)行頻率補(bǔ)償?shù)男Ч?。試調(diào)整和頻帶擴(kuò)展倍數(shù)，觀察波形。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。k=12;w=2.9;T=1;b=k/w;c=1/w;p=1/(1+b*T);q=1/(1+c*T);t=0:45;A=21;x1=A*(1-exp(-t/w);B=(1+c*T)/(1+b*T)-1/(1+b*T);E=1,-1/1/(1+b*T);h=filter(B,E,x1);plot(x1,'r-');xlabel('t/s');ylabel('溫

9、度/ ');title('溫度傳感器系統(tǒng)對(duì)階躍輸入溫度信號(hào)的響應(yīng)')3、分別采用向后差分法、雙線性變換法和頻率預(yù)曲折雙線性變換法，實(shí)現(xiàn)低通濾波器 ，的等效數(shù)字濾波器的軟件編程，并輸入，改變 觀察輸出波形。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。t=0.1;a=1/t;n=1:100;w=linspace(1,100,100);w1=0.5;w2=5;T1=2*pi/(w1*10);T2=2*pi/(w2*10);d1=w1*n;d2=w2*n;X1(n)=sin(d1);X2(n)=sin(d2);y=0;y1=(a*T1*X1(n)+y)/(1+a*T1);y2

10、=(a*T2*X2(n)+y)/(1+a*T2);figure(1)plot(n,X1(n);xlabel('t');ylabel('X(t)');title('X(t)的離散時(shí)間信號(hào)')figure(2)plot(n,X2(n);xlabel('t');ylabel('X(t)');title('X(t)的連續(xù)時(shí)間信號(hào) ')figure(3)stem(n,y1);xlabel('t');ylabel('y)');title('濾波輸出離散時(shí)間信號(hào)wi=1&#

11、39;)figure(4)stem(n,y2);xlabel('t');ylabel('y)');title('濾波輸出離散時(shí)間信號(hào)wi=5')hold on4、利用所采用語(yǔ)言的自帶功能，產(chǎn)生正弦信號(hào)和隨機(jī)信號(hào)分別作為有用信號(hào)和噪聲，求自相關(guān)函數(shù)圖。改變頻率和直流分量觀察波形變化。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。w=1;A=1;t=0:200;x=A*sin(w*t);figure(1)plot(t,x,'r-');xlabel('t');ylabel('x£¨t£

12、;©');title('正弦信號(hào)w=1 A=1'); hold ony=randn(1,201);figure(2)plot(y);title('隨機(jī)信號(hào)');hold ony1=x+y;y2=xcorr(y1);figure(3)plot(y2);title('自相關(guān)函數(shù) w=1 A=1');5、編程實(shí)現(xiàn)相關(guān)儀/鎖相放大器的從噪聲中提取微弱信號(hào)的功能。產(chǎn)生中的、。設(shè)置微弱慢變信號(hào)，改變觀察波形。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。w=1;q=pi/2;N=101;n=rand(1,N);t=0:1:100;x=sin

13、(w*t+q);c=0.1*sin(w*t+q);r=ones(101,1)s=c*r*x+n;B=1;y=B*sin(w*t);figure(1)plot(c);title('微弱慢變信號(hào)');r1=ones(100,1);figure(2)plot(s);title('含噪聲信號(hào)');r1=rand(101,1);figure(3)plot(y);title('參考信號(hào)');s1=s*r1*y;figure(4)plot(s1);title('提取信號(hào)')hold on6、推導(dǎo)控制器的等效數(shù)字濾波的編程算式（4-101）。 編

14、程實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)字控制器算法。構(gòu)建一個(gè)閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)，控制對(duì)象自定義。試改變的值，并運(yùn)行。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。 模擬控制作用的數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式：式中，為控制器的輸入信號(hào)；為控制器輸出信號(hào)；為比例增益；為積分時(shí)間；為微分時(shí)間。對(duì)上式微分方程兩邊求拉氏變換可得傳遞函數(shù)：將其數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式離散化，利用梯形求和近似積分項(xiàng)定義 則 于是 對(duì)上式求Z變換：同理將離散化的表達(dá)式求Z變換的： 式中為比例增益；為積分增益；為微分增益。于是可得數(shù)字控制器的脈沖傳遞函數(shù)為上式稱為位置式控制器的脈沖傳遞函數(shù)。由上式可得：再求上式的Z反變換的差分方程： T=1/500;Ti=0.1;Td=0.01;K=10;Ki

15、=K*T/Ti;Kp=K-Ki/2;Kd=K*Td/T;n=1:100;x(n)=1;y(1)=(Kp+Kd+Ki)*x(1);y(2)=y(1)+(Kp+Kd+Ki)*x(2)-(2*Kd+Kp)*x(1);for n=3:100 y(n)=y(n-1)+(Kp+Kd+Ki)*x(n)-(2*Kd+Kp)*x(n-1)+Kd*x(n-2);endstem(y(1:100),'.');xlabel('n');ylabel('y(n)');title('PID階躍響應(yīng)');7、以表5-2為傳感器特性標(biāo)定數(shù)據(jù)值，采用可變系數(shù)回歸法求溫

16、度時(shí)的溫度補(bǔ)償特性擬合方程。并求度的值。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。p=(1:1:5)'u1=(24.53 42.72 60.89 70.03 90.20)'u2=(13.34 25.64 50.85 70.05 87.18)'u3=(13.48 30.46 47.32 54.94 82.37)'u4=(11.44 28.97 40.32 63.28 81.00)'A(:,1)=p'A(:,2)=p'.2;A(:,3)=p'.3;A(:,4)=p'.4;A(:,5)=p'.5;a1=Au1;a2=

17、Au2;a3=Au3;a4=Au4;T=(21.5 34.0 50.0 70.0)'b1=(a1(1) a2(1) a3(1) a4(1)'b2=(a1(2) a2(2) a3(2) a4(2)'b3=(a1(3) a2(3) a3(3) a4(3)'b4=(a1(4) a2(4) a3(4) a4(4)'b5=(a1(5) a2(5) a3(5) a4(5)'B(:,1)=T'B(:,2)=T'.2;B(:,3)=T'.3;B(:,4)=T'.4;c1=Bb1;c2=Bb2;c3=Bb3;c4=Bb4;c5=Bb

18、5;T0=60.0;d1=c1(1).*T0+c1(2).*T0.2+c1(3).*T0.3+c1(4).*T0.4;d2=c2(1).*T0+c2(2).*T0.2+c2(3).*T0.3+c2(4).*T0.4;d3=c3(1).*T0+c3(2).*T0.2+c3(3).*T0.3+c3(4).*T0.4;d4=c4(1).*T0+c4(2).*T0.2+c4(3).*T0.3+c4(4).*T0.4;d5=c5(1).*T0+c5(2).*T0.2+c5(3).*T0.3+c5(4).*T0.4;P=0:0.01:5;U=d1.*P+d2.*P.2+d3.*P.3+d4.*P.4+d5

19、.*P.5;plot(P,U);xlabel('壓強(qiáng)(104pa)');ylabel('U/mV');title('可變系數(shù)回歸溫度補(bǔ)償圖');8、采用三層BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以表6-1數(shù)據(jù)為樣本，實(shí)現(xiàn)圖6-13中的數(shù)據(jù)融合處理，并驗(yàn)證表6-4的值。要求網(wǎng)絡(luò)輸出為和。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。function zuo8()x(1,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;Y(1,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(2,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1;Y(3,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(3,:)=1,1,

20、0,1,1,0,0,0;Y(2,:)=1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(4,:)=0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0;Y(4,:)=0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(5,:)=0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0;Y(5,:)=0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(6,:)=1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0;Y(6,:)=0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0;x(7,:)=0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0;Y(7,:)=0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0;x(8,:)=0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0;Y(8,:)=0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0;x(9,:)=1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0;

21、Y(9,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0;x(10,:)=0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1;Y(10,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0;x(11,:)=0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1;Y(11,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1;x(12,:)=1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0;Y(12,:)=1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(13,:)=0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0;Y(13,:)=0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(14,:)=1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0;Y(14,:)=1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;x(15,:)=1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0;Y

22、(15,:)=0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0;x(16,:)=0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0;Y(16,:)=0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0;x(17,:)=1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0;Y(17,:)=0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0;x(18,:)=1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1;Y(18,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0;x(19,:)=1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1;Y(19,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1;x(20,:)=1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1;Y(20,:)=0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1;x(21,:)=1,1,0,0,1,1,1,0;Y

23、(21,:)=1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0;x(22,:)=1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1;Y(22,:)=0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0;x(23,:)=1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1;Y(23,:)=1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0;x(24,:)=0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0;Y(24,:)=0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0;x(25,:)=0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1;Y(25,:)=0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0;x(26,:)=0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1;Y(26,:)=0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0;x(27,:)=0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0;Y

24、(27,:)=0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0;x(28,:)=0,0,1,1,0,1,1,1;Y(28,:)=0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1;x(29,:)=0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1;Y(29,:)=0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1;x(30,:)=1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1;Y(30,:)=1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1;for i=1:1:9 p=x' goal=0.002; spread=1; net=newrb(p,Y(:,i)',goal,spread); x1(1,:)=0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1; x1(

25、2,:)=0.1,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1; x1(3,:)=0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.9,0.9; x1(4,:)=0.9,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1; x1(5,:)=0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1; x1(6,:)=0.1,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1; x1(7,:)=0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1,0.9,0.9; x1(8,:)=0.9,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1; x1(9,:)=0.1,0.9,

26、0.19,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.1; x1(10,:)=0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.9; x1(11,:)=0.1,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9; x1(12,:)=0.1,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.1; x1(13,:)=0.1,0.2,0.9,0.9,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.9; x1(14,:)=0.2,0.1,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.8,0.9,0.9; x1(15,:)=0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.8; m=x1' T(i,:)=sim(n

27、et,m);end9、構(gòu)建一個(gè)RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，驗(yàn)證示例6-2。要求：上交源程序（含電子版）、輸出相關(guān)結(jié)果圖。x1=-13.84,27.34;10.69,26.95;28.88,26.43;47.05,25,92;65.19,15.45;73.36,24.94;y1=0;1;2;3;4;5;x2=-13.49,34.41;9.32,33.56;26.34,33.47;63.12,32.93;59.99,22.47;76.82,31.91;y2=0;1;2;3;4;5;x3=-10.8,37.76;7.54,36.92;24.78,36.44;42.05,35.97;49.25,25.39;76.

28、38,35.09;y3=0;1;2;3;4;5;x4=-9.72,54.88;6.56,63.97;13.87,62.87;41.21,52.41;68.58,51.93;75.87,51.55;y4=0;1;2;3;4;5;x5=-8.62,65.77;4.86,60.79;21.84,65.84;38.7,62.91;63.32,61.99;73.75,61.06;y5=0;1;2;3;4;5;x6=-7.72,86.12;3.72,34.94;21.25,83.78;38.6,23.65;55.56,81.55;73.28,80.45;y6=0;1;2;3;4;5;a11=min(x1(

29、:,1);b11=max(x1(:,1);a12=min(x1(:,2);b12=max(x1(:,2);a13=min(y1);b13=max(y1);a21=min(x2(:,1);b21=max(x2(:,1);a22=min(x2(:,2);b22=max(x2(:,2);a23=min(y2);b23=max(y2);a31=min(x3(:,1);b31=max(x3(:,1);a32=min(x3(:,2);b32=max(x3(:,2);a33=min(y3);b33=max(y3);a41=min(x4(:,1);b41=max(x4(:,1);a42=min(x4(:,2)

30、;b42=max(x4(:,2);a43=min(y4);b43=max(y4);a51=min(x5(:,1);b51=max(x5(:,1);a52=min(x5(:,2);b52=max(x5(:,2);a53=min(y5);b53=max(y5);a61=min(x6(:,1);b61=max(x6(:,1);a62=min(x6(:,2);b62=max(x6(:,2);a63=min(y6);b63=max(y6);for i=1:6 x1(i,1)=(x1(i,1)-a11)/(b11-a11); x1(i,2)=(x1(i,2)-a12)/(b12-a12); y1(i)=0

31、.9*(y1(i)-a13)/(b13-a13)+0.05; x2(i,1)=(x2(i,1)-a21)/(b21-a21); x2(i,2)=(x2(i,2)-a22)/(b22-a22); y2(i)=0.9*(y2(i)-a23)/(b23-a23)+0.05; x3(i,1)=(x3(i,1)-a31)/(b31-a31); x3(i,2)=(x3(i,2)-a32)/(b32-a32); y3(i)=0.9*(y3(i)-a33)/(b33-a33)+0.05; x4(i,1)=(x4(i,1)-a41)/(b41-a41); x4(i,2)=(x4(i,2)-a42)/(b42-a

32、42); y4(i)=0.9*(y4(i)-a43)/(b43-a43)+0.05; x5(i,1)=(x5(i,1)-a51)/(b51-a51); x5(i,2)=(x5(i,2)-a52)/(b52-a52); y5(i)=0.9*(y5(i)-a53)/(b53-a53)+0.05; x6(i,1)=(x6(i,1)-a61)/(b61-a61); x6(i,2)=(x6(i,2)-a62)/(b62-a62); y6(i)=0.9*(y6(i)-a63)/(b63-a63)+0.05;endx=x1;x2;x3;x4;x5;x6;Y=y1;y2;y3;y4;y5;y6;yb=36;sjy=35;ita=0.7;bieta=0.7