nan高考語(yǔ)法歸納之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)Word版

1、中學(xué)英語(yǔ)高考試題常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)： 一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)一般將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)   教學(xué)大綱要求的常用的8種時(shí)態(tài)： 一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) 將來(lái)一般將來(lái)時(shí)   過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)   一般過(guò)去時(shí)，往往表示“剛才，剛剛”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。I didnt know

2、 you were here.我不知道你在這里。I never thought he would do that.我從沒(méi)想到他會(huì)做出這樣的事。1. The year 2002 _ remarkable changes in Shanghais landscape. (see)2. 呀，不知道你在這兒！以為你在美國(guó)！翻譯：Oh, I _ you _ here. I _you _in America. 3. I _ you not to move my dictionary. now I cannot find it. （2004全國(guó)III） A. asked B. ask C. was aski

3、ng D. had asked4 - Have you decided already? - Yes, I_ at once. A. have decided B. decided C. will decide D. had decided5. - Have you decided already?- Yes, I_ already.A. have decided B. decided C. will decide D. had decided 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響和結(jié)果.1.-The window is dirty. -I know. It _ for weeks.

4、A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clear C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned2. - Would you like to go to the cinema with me tomorrow afternoon? - Id like to, Mum, but I _ to a party by Jane. Its her birthday. A. am invited B. was invited C. will be invited D. have been invited1. The news is no surprise to

5、 me, I _ for some time that the factory is going to shut down. (03北京) A. had known B. know C. have known D. knew2. The news came no surprise to me, I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. (03北京) A. had known B. know C. have known D. knew過(guò)去完成時(shí)不能孤立使用， 它必須以過(guò)去某一時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，因此只有在和過(guò)去

6、某時(shí)或動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才用到它。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)是對(duì)現(xiàn)在說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)刻而言的，過(guò)去完成時(shí)則是對(duì)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而言。兩種時(shí)態(tài)建立的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)不同，對(duì)過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)，這一個(gè)時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)十分重要，它是過(guò)去完成概念賴(lài)以建立的基礎(chǔ)，也是和一般過(guò)去時(shí)相區(qū)別的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。2 / 9 3. John and I _ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. (02 北京春) A. had been; have se

7、en B. have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen; 3. 我原打算來(lái)的，但太忙了。（mean） _had meant/planned/intended to do,表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算、想法等。 1. The last time I saw Jane she _ cotton in the fields. (pick)2. -Has Sam finished his homework today? - I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B

8、. has done C. was doing D. had done過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某個(gè)時(shí)間段所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài).3. -What were you doing when Tony phoned you? - I had just finished my work and_ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái).1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. He _ a book about China last year, but I don

9、t know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).2. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 結(jié)論:長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行時(shí),被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷,長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行

10、體,短動(dòng)作用一般體.2一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened2. - Where _you _ (put) the book? I cant see it anywhere. - I _(put) it right here. But now its gone. A. did ; put; put B. have; put; put C. did; p

11、ut; have put D. have; put; have put3. When I was at college I _ three foreign languages but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten結(jié)論:一般過(guò)去時(shí)所表示的事情純屬過(guò)去,與現(xiàn)在情況沒(méi)聯(lián)系.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的事情與現(xiàn)在情況有聯(lián)系,是過(guò)去事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在

12、的影響.三、時(shí)態(tài)的特殊句式(1)This/It is the first/second.timethat從句。that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如果把前邊的is改為was，則that從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。This is the first time I have come here.It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.(2)It is/has been一段時(shí)間since 從句。since從句中一般用過(guò)去時(shí)，如果將前邊的is改為was，則since從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。It was ten years since we had h

13、ad such a wonderful time.(3)be about to do.when.意為“即將(這時(shí))突然”。I was about to go out when the telephone rang.(4)be(was/were)doing.when.意為“正在干(這時(shí))突然”。They were reading when Tom shouted in pain.(5)Hardly had.done.when.；No sooner had.done.than.意為“剛就”。 Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain po

14、ured down. (6)Itbe一段時(shí)間before從句如果主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后即將發(fā)生某事；如果主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)，意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后發(fā)生了某事。It wont be long before he succeeds.It was ten years before they met again.鞏固性練習(xí)：Mike was walking in the street when he met Tom.M: - It _ 2 months since I last saw you.(be) T: - I have just returned from

15、abroad.M: - Is it the first time you _ abroad?(be)T: - Yes. And hardly _ I _ there when I was struck by its beauty. (arrive)M: - How do you find your trip?T:- Very good. To tell the truth, its the most unforgettable trip I _. (ever have)M: Im glad to hear that. By the way, I am leaving for a meeting

16、 now. It _ (be) 20 minutes before it_. (start)Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 多練習(xí)1. Miss Jones once _ music at Bardon School for ten years and now is an actress. A. had taught B. taught C. is teaching D has been teaching2. -Do you often go to shanghai? - Yes. I _ there twice last month. A. was B. went

17、C. have gone D. have been3. I cant see my coffee in this cupboard. _? A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish4. The country life he was used to _ in 1992 when a coal mine was opened. A. change B. has changed C. changed D. changing5. It _ long si

18、nce we _the result of the experiment. It _long before we _the result of the experiment. A. will be; will know B. is;will know C. will be; know D. is; knew6. The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office.A. had worked, had left   B. were working ; had left

19、 C. working ; had left  D. had worked; left更多練習(xí):1The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time. Asold Bhad been sold Cwere sold Dwould sell解析：由“時(shí)態(tài)一致”原則可知，應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又 因“花”和“賣(mài)”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2Is there anything wrong，Bob? You look sad. Oh，nothing much.In fact，I _ of my friends back home.

20、Ahave just thought Bwas just thinking Cwould just think Dwill just be thinking 解析：說(shuō)話(huà)人說(shuō)剛才在思念家鄉(xiāng)的朋友，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。3Tom，you didnt come to the party last night? I _，but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. Ahad to Bdidnt Cwas going to Dwouldnt 解析：was going to表示本打算做某事，而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做。4Did you see a man in black p

21、ants pass by just now? No，sir. I _ a newspaper. Aread Bwas reading Cwould read Dam reading 解析：句意為“沒(méi)看見(jiàn)，先生。我剛才正在讀報(bào)紙?！?，故用 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。5_ you _ him around the museum yet? Yes.We had a great time there. AHave；shown BDo；show CHad；shown DDid；show 解析：用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)詢(xún)問(wèn)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，語(yǔ)氣委婉，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)回答對(duì)方的詢(xún)問(wèn)，顯得簡(jiǎn)明。 6I have got a headache

22、. No wonder. You _ in front of that computer too long. Awork Bare working Chave been working Dworked 解析：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作一直在持續(xù)。 7. I think it is necessary for my 19yearold son to have his own mobile phone，for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner. Acome Bcomes Chas come Dwill come 解析：“我有時(shí)想

23、確定他是否會(huì)(will)回家吃飯”。Do dogs understand us? Be careful what you say around your dog. It might understand more than you think. A border collie named Rico recognizes the names of about 200 objects, say researchers in Germany. The dog also appears to be able to learn new words as easily as a 3-year-old ch

24、ild. Its word-learning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee(黑猩猩). In one experiment, the researchers took all 200 items that Rico is supposed to know and divided them into 20 groups of 10 objects. Then the owner told the dog to go and fetch one of the items and bring it back. In fou

25、r tests, Rico got 37 out of 40 commands right. As the dog couldn't see anyone to get clues, the scientists believe Rico must understand the meanings of certain words. In another experiment, the scientists took one toy that Rico had never seen before and put it in a room with seven toys whose nam

26、es the dog already knew. The owner then told Rico to fetch the object, using a word the dog had never heard before. The correct object was chosen in seven out of l0 tests, suggesting that the dog had workedout the answer by process of elimination(排除法). A month later, Rico remembered half of the new

27、names, which is even more impressive. Rico is thought to be smarter than the average dog. For one thing, Rico is a border collie, a breed (品種)known for its mental abilities. In addition, the 9-year-old dog has been trained to fetch toys by their names since the age of nine months. It's hard to k

28、now if all dogs understand at least some of the words we say. Even if they do, they can't talk back. Still, it wouldn't hurt to sweet-talk your dog every now and then. You might just get a big, wet kiss in return!60. From paragraph 2 we know that _ . A. animals are as clever as human beings B. do