考研英語(yǔ) 每日一句(21~30)

1、、對(duì)于夢(mèng)的研究一直以來是心理學(xué)的熱點(diǎn)，沒有一個(gè)定論，曾經(jīng)考研的文章中有過一篇當(dāng)時(shí)很前沿的研究文章，講到了夢(mèng)的最新研究成果。上個(gè)月時(shí)代周刊上的一篇文章又把夢(mèng)的研究往前推進(jìn)了一步。考研的文章難度除了語(yǔ)言性之外，就是其時(shí)效性所帶來的知識(shí)性，所以大家盡量的去閱讀時(shí)文精析，哪怕就是看中英對(duì)照，也會(huì)有收獲！這樣可以對(duì)最前沿的熱點(diǎn)有所了解。不要一談到讀文章就是記單詞，看搭配，分析句子。不是說這些工作不重要，這些工作我們可以在真題中，在每天一句中完成。The previous researches suggest that our dreams may have some role in emotional

2、stability. That does not necessarily mean, most dream researchers believe, that dreams are random expressions of emotion or devoid of some intellectual meaning. While some scientists maintain that dream patterns are strictly the result of how different neurons in the brain are firing, Deirdre Barret

3、t, a psychologist and dream researcher at Harvard Medical School, believes they represent something more.詞匯突破：1.devoid of = lack of 缺乏，沒有2.Random 隨機(jī)的3.Emotional 情感的4.Intellectual 智力和思維的，理性的，理智的；5.Necessarily 一定；not necessarily 未必6.Neurons 神經(jīng)元7. strictly 可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，這里=only=purely= no more than8.previous

4、之前的句子解析：1. The previous researches suggest that our dreams may have some role in emotional stability.Have some role in = play some role in 譯文： 之前的研究表明，夢(mèng)對(duì)于穩(wěn)定情緒可能起一定作用。2. That does not necessarily mean, most dream researchers believe, that dreams are random expressions of emotion or devoid of some int

5、ellectual meaning.開頭的that指代前面的那個(gè)句子；先翻譯插入語(yǔ)：most dream researchers believe譯文：大部分夢(mèng)境研究者們認(rèn)為，那并不一定意味著，夢(mèng)境就是隨機(jī)的情緒的表達(dá)，沒有一些理性意義可言。3. While some scientists maintain that dream patterns are strictly the result of how different neurons in the brain are firing, Deirdre Barrett, a psychologist and dream researcher

6、 at Harvard Medical School, believes they represent something more.While: 很多時(shí)候都是表示：雖然；翻譯難點(diǎn)：the result of how different neurons in the brain are firing.直接翻譯：大腦中不同神經(jīng)元如何放電(firing)的結(jié)果有木有感覺到不通順！其實(shí)這里的how 只是起到一個(gè)連接作用，翻譯的時(shí)候可以不用翻譯出來，修正以后：大腦中不同神經(jīng)元放電(firing)的結(jié)果, (嗯，像人話了吧)有同學(xué)說，老師你說說什么時(shí)候不翻，什么時(shí)候翻啊，這尼瑪就是語(yǔ)言最痛苦的地方，要是

7、能直接規(guī)定好，就可以機(jī)器翻譯了，根本不用學(xué)了，我都還在每天學(xué)習(xí)和積累呢，只是經(jīng)驗(yàn)可能比大家多些，所以翻譯就是一個(gè)熬的過程，大家一起來吧，別抱怨，也別找什么捷徑了！譯文：雖然一些科學(xué)家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，夢(mèng)境模式就是大腦中不同神經(jīng)元活躍(firing)的結(jié)果,但哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院心理學(xué)家和夢(mèng)境研究者Deirdre Barrett表示，夢(mèng)境還表達(dá)了其他意思。P.S:那么夢(mèng)境表示了其他什么呢？欲知后事如何，請(qǐng)聽明日分解。、話說，美利堅(jiān)哈佛大學(xué)DB同學(xué)提出自己的看法認(rèn)為夢(mèng)還有其他的意義，今天就來和大家一起分享到底有什么意義：“I think its a fallacy that knowing brain acti

8、on negates a subjective, psychological meaning any more than it does for waking thought. I think dreams are thinking in a different biochemical state.”詞匯突破：fallacy 謬論 Negate （動(dòng)詞）否定，否認(rèn)，取消，使無效 Subjective 主觀性 Psychological 心理性 waking thought 清醒的思考 biochemical 生化狀態(tài)句子解析：1.第一個(gè)句子最大的難點(diǎn)在于any more than 的理解： 你

9、需要識(shí)別出前面的negate是個(gè)否定詞，這樣就是我們熟悉的： Notany more than 結(jié)構(gòu)了； 可以切分為三個(gè)句子： A= knowing brain action negates a subjective, psychological meaning B= it does (not negates) for waking thought (其中it= knowing brain action Does=negate) C= its a fallacy ( it = B and C) （兩個(gè)從句做主語(yǔ)也用單數(shù)哦） 2. 這個(gè)句子比較簡(jiǎn)單就不解析了. 參考譯文：“在我看來，了解大腦活動(dòng)

10、從而否定（夢(mèng)境的）主觀性和心理性的意義，就如其不否定清醒狀態(tài)下的思考一樣是個(gè)謬誤；我認(rèn)為，夢(mèng)境是在一種不同的生物化學(xué)狀態(tài)下的思考?！?、昨天的句子折磨的大家夠嗆，看到大家都在熱烈的討論，很開心，今天就從基礎(chǔ)的講起吧：）記得簽到哦！There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take any more than they can limit how much water you drink.還是分解為三個(gè)部分：A= There is no reason （沒有理由）B= they should limit how much v

11、itamin you take遇到notany more than結(jié)構(gòu)， 在than后面的句子中記得加上:not,這就是這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)；所以：C= they can （not） limit how much water you drink 參考譯文：他們沒有理由限制你服用多少維生素，就像他們不能限制你喝多少水一樣。你再看一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的句子：A man cannot fly any more than a bird can speak. 同樣拆分：A= A man cannot flyB= A bird can not speak人不會(huì)飛翔，就像鳥不會(huì)說話一樣.沒懂的明天繼續(xù)練習(xí)：） 還不懂得，長(zhǎng)難

12、句課繼續(xù)講！ PS：A= There is no reason （沒有理由） 這里：there is no reason (that可以省略）/why.一般看成是固定的搭配，放在句 首； 如果一 定要死扣 語(yǔ)法成分，that后面就是reason的同位語(yǔ)從句，不過我們不建議大 家在做進(jìn) 一步的思考，因?yàn)閷?shí)際就是起一個(gè)連接句子的作用，沒有其他的意義。、很多時(shí)候經(jīng)典就是重復(fù)出來的，只有不斷的大量的重復(fù)才能造就新的突破。很多時(shí)候我們就是由于沒有量的積累，才會(huì)一次次的感覺到無力，我們一次次的離成功那么近，卻由于中途的放棄使得目標(biāo)一次次的那么遠(yuǎn)。繼續(xù)not. any more thanBut his pr

13、imary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. 詞匯突破： primary 首要的 moral code 道德原則/規(guī)范 Govern 管理，支配 dedicate ones energies to sth 致力于某事句子解析：還是notany more than

14、 結(jié)構(gòu)，還是把句子拆分： A= But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity B= a businessman is (not) expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.參考譯文： 但是，他的首要任務(wù)并不是考慮支配自己行動(dòng)的道德規(guī)范，就如同（我們）不能指望商人會(huì)致力于探索行業(yè)規(guī)范一樣。Notany more than, 從結(jié)構(gòu)上我們已經(jīng)掌握了，再

15、從表意功能上看，我們其實(shí)可以知道，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)很多時(shí)候就是為了把兩個(gè)表示否定的句子連接起來而已。很多時(shí)候第二個(gè)句子所表述的事實(shí)往往是被讀者所熟悉的，和接受的，是為了更好的表達(dá)第一個(gè)句子。、每天都有可能發(fā)生一些讓自己分心的事情，你有很多理由可以不去堅(jiān)持；你有很多看上去很正當(dāng)?shù)慕杩诖騺y你的計(jì)劃；有時(shí)候我們以為放棄的只是一個(gè)計(jì)劃，后來才知道我們放棄的其實(shí)是一種人生。今天的句子是長(zhǎng)難句書上要求同學(xué)們背的句子。你背了嗎？我重新寫了個(gè)更簡(jiǎn)潔的解析，希望對(duì)大家有幫助！加油！It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who

16、know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.詞匯突破：auditors 審計(jì)人員 Distract 分散注意力 cash register 收銀機(jī)切分：It is entirely reasonable/ for auditors /to believe that /sci

17、entists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there/ should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. 簡(jiǎn)化：it is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that A should not be distracted by B. A= scienti

18、sts who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there B= the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. 通過這樣的切分和簡(jiǎn)化，大家會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)復(fù)雜的就是由名詞牽扯出來的成分。微觀解析：scientists should not be distracted 賓語(yǔ)從句主干 who know exactly where they are going and how the

19、y will get there 定語(yǔ)從句修飾scientist where they are going and how they will get there定語(yǔ)從句中know的賓語(yǔ)從句 by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.狀語(yǔ) of keeping one eye on the cash register修飾the necessity 做定語(yǔ)； while the other eye is on the microscope狀語(yǔ)

20、（一個(gè)ing結(jié)構(gòu)本質(zhì)上就是一個(gè)句子，是可以帶上一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句的。這里的while和前兩天的while不一樣，表示的是伴隨） 譯文賞析：審查者完全有理由相信，哪些知道自己準(zhǔn)備做什么、怎么做的科學(xué)家不應(yīng)該由于必須一只眼盯著收銀機(jī)，另一只眼盯著顯微鏡而被分散注意力。 （ By短語(yǔ)在句子中是充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，翻譯為原; where they are going and how they will get there處理為知道做什么，知道怎么做，這樣的表達(dá)符合中文的習(xí)慣。如果直接翻譯為：知道他們要去哪里和怎么去，就是對(duì)于字面含義的翻譯。屬于死譯）還可以翻譯為：審查者完全有理由相信，有些科學(xué)家是不應(yīng)該由于必須一只眼

21、睛盯著收銀機(jī)，另一只眼鏡盯著顯微鏡而被分散注意力的。因?yàn)?，他們知道自己?zhǔn)備做什么和怎么去做。（收銀機(jī)代表錢，顯微鏡代表科研；科學(xué)家應(yīng)該專注于科研，不需要考慮錢的事情） 所以又可以這樣翻譯： 對(duì)于十分清楚方向并且知道方法的科學(xué)家們，審計(jì)者完全有理由相信他們不應(yīng)該在做研究時(shí)，為了科研經(jīng)費(fèi)而分心。、春天應(yīng)該來了，但是天氣依然寒冷，注意保暖，注意別感冒；昨天的句子的解析方式同學(xué)們感覺比較清晰，那就再來一句，同樣需要同學(xué)們背誦的句子！今天早點(diǎn)休息。To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treat

22、ments，as well as new treatments and vaccines，animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst詞匯突破：unaware 未認(rèn)識(shí)到的，未覺察到的 Vaccine 疫苗 Cruel 殘忍句子切分：To those/who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments，as well as new treatments and vaccines，/animal research seems wa

23、steful at best and cruel at worst簡(jiǎn)化： To A, animal research seems wasteful and cruel A= those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments，as well as new treatments and vaccines 其他成分： who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments，as well as

24、 new treatments and vaccines (those的定語(yǔ)從句) 狀語(yǔ)：at best 至多，充其量;頂多 at worst adv.在最壞的情況下 （這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)的翻譯是需要在語(yǔ)境中來 完成的）翻譯點(diǎn)撥：可以將任何一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的部分單獨(dú)成句。再翻其他部分；一般將英文的被動(dòng)可改譯為中文的主動(dòng)；參考譯文： 有些人不了解生產(chǎn)這些治療手段以及新的一些治療手段和疫苗是需要?jiǎng)游镅芯康?。?duì)于他們而言，動(dòng)物研究說的好聽是浪費(fèi)，說的難聽是殘忍。還可以翻譯為：對(duì)于一些人而言，動(dòng)物研究說的好聽是浪費(fèi)，說的難聽是殘忍。因?yàn)樗麄儾恢郎a(chǎn)這些治療手段以及新的治療手段和疫苗是需要?jiǎng)游镅芯康?。、剛開始的激情會(huì)

25、被慢慢的耗去，走到最后的總是少數(shù)。相信你會(huì)是其中一員！這三天的句子都是屬于主干結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，由于名詞和其長(zhǎng)修飾語(yǔ)而使句子變得復(fù)雜；我們還是采取切分和簡(jiǎn)化的方式來理解； 句子也是長(zhǎng)難句書上的，需要同學(xué)們背誦！The report identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of e

26、nd-of-life care.切分：The report identifies /the undertreatment of pain /and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” /as the twin problems of end-of-life care. 簡(jiǎn)化： The report identifies A and B as C. A= the undertreatment

27、of pain B= the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” C= the twin problems of end-of-life care 、天氣變化很大，大家一定注意增減衣服；感冒一次就會(huì)影響一周的作息，能注意就注意一下。我今天剛好一些，昨晚確實(shí)是沒有力氣多寫了，一天去了三個(gè)城市，晚上做完講座就十點(diǎn)了。但昨天的句子是要背的，譯文我也補(bǔ)出來了。都保重吧！加油！今年奧斯卡地心引力“Gravit

28、y”是大贏家之一， 這周的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人有這樣的報(bào)道：“Gravity”, a thriller set in orbit but filmed in west London, won seven Oscar on March 2nd. Yet Pinewood Studios, in whose buildings the movie was shot, is running out of space. 詞匯突破：thriller 情節(jié)驚險(xiǎn)的電影 Orbit 軌道（星球） Shoot 拍攝 run out of space 空間不夠用了句子解析： 1.“Gravity”, a thriller s

29、et in orbit but filmed in west London, won seven Oscar on March 2nd. 主干：“Gravity” won seven Oscar on March 2nd逗號(hào)之間是同位語(yǔ)； a thriller set in orbit but filmed in west London set in orbit（以星球軌道為背景） filmed in west London (在倫敦西部拍攝) 2. Yet Pinewood Studios, in whose buildings the movie was shot, is running

30、out of space. 句子主干：Yet Pinewood Studios is running out of space.逗號(hào)之間是定語(yǔ)，但是完全可以單獨(dú)成句：in whose buildings the movie was shot這個(gè)句子改寫為： the movie was shot in Pinewood Studios buildings （再次強(qiáng)調(diào)定語(yǔ)從句的處理一定拆分，還原，調(diào)整語(yǔ)序） 參考譯文： “地心引力”，一部以星際軌道為背景卻在西倫敦拍攝的驚悚片，在3月2日獲得了7項(xiàng)奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)。但它的拍攝地Pinewood工作室的房間卻不夠用了。 在這周的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人中大篇幅報(bào)道的是Bus

31、iness in emerging markets (新興市場(chǎng)的商業(yè)) 標(biāo)題是：Emerge, splurge, purge (三個(gè)押韻的單詞，寫出了整篇文章的內(nèi)容，很有功底) 導(dǎo)語(yǔ)是這樣寫的： Western firms have piled into emerging markets in the past 20 years. (piled into 大量進(jìn)入) Now comes the reckoning; 這么短的一個(gè)句子其實(shí)也是一個(gè)倒裝： The reckoning comes now; （reckon 反思） 參考譯文：20年前西方公司大量進(jìn)入新興市場(chǎng)?，F(xiàn)在大家開始反思了。 反思

32、結(jié)果是什么？明天繼續(xù)和大家討論；昨天句子的譯文：報(bào)告確定了臨終關(guān)懷的兩個(gè)問題，一是對(duì)疼痛處理不夠（under treatment），二是過量的（aggressive）使用一些無效和強(qiáng)制的醫(yī)療手段,這些手段只可能延長(zhǎng)死亡期，甚至讓病人死的很沒有尊嚴(yán)（dishonor）。、VODAFONES latest figures appear at first glance to vindicate the most powerful management idea of the past two decades: that firms should expand in fast-growing emer

33、ging economies.Look closer, however, and those figures contradict accepted wisdom. Rather than being the panacea envisioned by many Western firms during the boom, emerging markets are governed by the oldest business rule of allsurvival of the fittest.詞匯突破：VODAFONE 沃達(dá)豐（全球最大的移動(dòng)運(yùn)營(yíng)商之一）Vindicate 證明是正確的（清

34、白的），=justifyContradict 否認(rèn)了的正確性；反駁; 與相矛盾(be in contradict with)Rather than 而不是Panacea n. 萬能之計(jì)；靈丹妙藥Envision v. 想象Boom 繁榮時(shí)期（名詞）也可以做動(dòng)詞；句子解析：這三句話分別是這篇文章的第一句，第二段第一句和文章最后一句這是一篇三千字左右的文章，其實(shí)核心觀點(diǎn)就是這幾句吧。 這是這篇文章的網(wǎng)址，有空可以去：1.VODAFONES latest figures appear at first glance to vindicate the most powerful management

35、idea of the past two decades: that firms should expand in fast-growing emerging economies.句子主干：A appear to vindicate BA= VODAFONES latest figuresB = the most powerful management idea of the past two decades: that firms should expand in fast-growing emerging economies.（冒號(hào)表示解釋，說明）狀語(yǔ)：at first glance參考譯

36、文：乍一看，沃達(dá)豐的最新運(yùn)營(yíng)數(shù)據(jù)似乎證明了過去20年間最有說服力的經(jīng)營(yíng)理念：公司應(yīng)該在增長(zhǎng)快速的新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體中擴(kuò)張市場(chǎng)。2. Look closer, however, and those figures contradict accepted wisdom.但仔細(xì)地分析，這些數(shù)據(jù)卻否定了這種公認(rèn)的觀點(diǎn)。3.Rather than being the panacea /envisioned by many Western firms/ during the boom, emerging markets are governed by the oldest business rule of all

37、survival of the fittest.在翻譯的時(shí)候注意斷句和調(diào)整語(yǔ)序，Rather than being= not being (非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式，主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)emerging markets )Of all 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，沒有實(shí)際含義；參考譯文：新興市場(chǎng)并不是很多西方公司在繁榮時(shí)期所想象的，是包治百病的靈丹妙藥；新興市場(chǎng)同樣遵循著最古老的商業(yè)原則：適者生存。改進(jìn)一下：在經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮的時(shí)期，很多西方公司認(rèn)為新興市場(chǎng)是包治一切的良藥。但實(shí)際上，在新興市場(chǎng)同樣得遵循最古老的商業(yè)原則：適者生存。、每天都有大量的新聞發(fā)生，或喧囂，或驚愕，或煽情，或無奈； 如此的世界，我們能做什么呢，真相是

38、最貴的。還是與書為伴吧，可以收獲內(nèi)心的那份寧?kù)o和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；大學(xué)的時(shí)候很熱衷于周末的時(shí)候獨(dú)自一個(gè)人在教室里看書，任憑窗外是如何的熱烈，會(huì)有一種莫名的滿足感； 以至于現(xiàn)在到各地做講座都會(huì)在空閑的時(shí)候偷偷的溜到自習(xí)室里面靜靜的看一會(huì)兒書。哪天遇到你了，我們就問候一下，繼續(xù)安靜的看書吧.Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of lawnotwithstanding，of course，a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactments are concernedthat its study is indispe