中考狀語從句專題講解加配套練習

1、第四講 狀語從句知識要點列舉要點一、狀語從句概述狀語主要是用來修飾動詞和形容詞的，以說明動作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)存在的時間、地點、 原因、目的、結果等。狀語從句即指在主從復合句中用作狀語的從句。狀語從句 主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。要點二、狀語從句的分類 按照其意義不同一般可分為九大類，分別是：1、時間狀語從句2、原因狀語從句3、目的狀語從句4、結果狀語從句5、條件狀語從句6、讓步狀語從句7、地點狀語從句8、比擬狀語從句9、方式狀語從句初中階段主要掌握前面 1到 6種狀語從句。要點三、狀語從句的分類講解1、時間狀語從句用表示時間的連詞連接一個句子作狀語，這樣的主從復合句就是時間狀語從句。常用引導詞：

2、when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until如:I did n't realize how special my mother was un til I became an adult.While Joh n was watch ing TV, his wife was cook ing.J知識拓一由when, while, as引導的時間狀語從句的區(qū)別用法 when引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。并且 when有時表示就在那時。如： When she came in, I st

3、opped eating她進來時，我在吃飯。瞬時動詞 When I lived in the coun tryside, I used to carry some water for him.當我的住在農村時，我常常為他擔水。延續(xù)性的動詞 We were about to leave whe n he came in.我們就要離幵，就在那時他進來了。就在那時 While引導的從句的謂語動作必須是延續(xù)性的，并強調主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生或者相對應。并且while有時還可以表示比照。女如: While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watchin

4、g TV.was reading是延續(xù)性的動詞，并且 was reading和 was watching同時發(fā)生 I like playi ng football while you like playi ng basketball.我喜歡踢足球，而你喜歡打籃球。比照 As表示一邊一邊，as引導的動作是延續(xù)性的動作， 一般用于主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生；as也可以強調一先一后。如：We always sing as we walk.我們總是邊走邊唱。as表示 一邊一邊 As we was going out, it bega n to snow.當我們出門時，幵始下雪了。as強調句中兩個動作緊接著

5、先后發(fā)生，而不強調幵始下雪的特定時間二由before和after引導的時間狀語從句的區(qū)別用法 before 引導的從句不再用否認式的謂語，并且當 before 引導的從句位于主句之 后，有時譯成 “就，才 。還要注意主句和從句之間的時間關系。當主句用將來時， 從句總是用現(xiàn)在時；如果 before 引導的從句謂語用的是過去時，那么主句動詞多用 過去完成時，這樣以便表達動作發(fā)生的先后。如： It will be four days before they come back.他們要過四天才能回來。Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. 愛

6、因斯坦幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父親恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。They had not been married four months before they were divorced. 他們結婚還不到四個月就離婚了。 after 表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句和從句的動作的時間關系正好與 before 引導的從句相反。如： After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. 你仔細考慮過以后，

7、告訴我你是怎樣決定的。After we had finished the work, we went home. 完成工作之后，我們回家了。 從句用過去完成時，主句用一般過去時三till 或 until 引導的時間狀語從句的區(qū)別till 和 until 一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強調句型中多用 until 。但要注意的是：如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否認形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定或否認形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。 till 不可以用在句首，而 until 可以放在句首。如： I didn't go to bed until till my fat

8、her came back. 直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. 直到散會之后他才開始教我英語。I worked until he came back. 我工作到他回來為止。I didn't work until he came back. 他回來我這才開始工作。Please wait until I arrived. 在我到達之前請等我。四since 引導的時間狀語從句的用法since 引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。一般

9、情況 下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在 It is 時間 since 從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。如： I have been in Beijing since you left.自從你離開以來，我一直在北京了。Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你見面以后，你到哪里去了？It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我們老板

10、離開北京有五個月了。五在時間狀語從句中，當主句是一般將來時或祈使句表示將來的意義時，時 間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。如： I ' ll let him know as soon as she comes.她一來，我就會讓你知道。Jane didn ' t go to work until she finished her homework.簡直到完成作業(yè)才睡覺。2、原因狀語從句用表示原因的連詞連接一個句子作狀語，這樣的主從復合句就是原因狀語從句。原因狀語從句通常由 because, sin ce, as,for引丨導。女口： He did n't come to schoo

11、l because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you can' t an swer the questi on, I ' ll ask some one else.知識拓 because表示直接原因，語氣最強。Because引導的原因狀語從句多放在主句之后。答復由why提出的問題，只能用 because as和since語氣較弱，一般用來表示明顯的原因。由as和since引導的原因狀語從句多放在句首。 for有時也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，對前一分句加以解釋或推斷。女口:

12、-Why are n't you going there?-Because I don ' t want to.As he has no car, he can ' t get there easily.Since we have no money, we can ' t buy it.3、目的狀語從句用表示目的的連詞連接一個句子作狀語，這樣的主從復合句就是目的狀語從句。引導目的狀語從句的附屬連詞主要有in order that, so that, i n case, for fear等。如：I hired a boat so that I could go f

13、ishing.我租了一條船去約魚。Take your rain coat in case it rains (should rain). 帶上雨衣以防下雨。He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam.他努力學習是為了能通過考試。知識拓so that既可引導目的狀語從句，又可引導結果狀語從句。區(qū)別這兩種從句的方法有兩個： 目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動詞can, could, may, might等。 從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。女口： Speak clearly so that they may understand

14、 you.目的狀語從句 Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest.結果狀語從句4. 結果狀語從句引導結果狀語從句的附屬連詞主要有so that, so thasuchthat等。如：He was so angry that he could n't speak.他氣得話都說不出來。He shut the win dow with such force that the glass broke.他關窗子用力太大，玻璃都 震破了。【注】：so that和 such.that可以互換。.so在由so.that引導的結果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連

15、用。其結構是:+形容詞副詞+ that +從句女口：The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由suchthat引導的結果狀語從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數(shù) 或復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞；名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。如： It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. He made such ra

16、pid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有時上述兩種結構是可以互換的。如： It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.如果名詞前由 many, much, little, few 等詞修飾時，只能用 so, 不用 such。 如： Soon there were so many deer that they ate

17、 up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he can' t go to the cinema with you. so.that.句型的否認形式可用簡單句too.to.或 not.enough to 代替。如： He is so young that he can 't go to school.他太小了，不能上學。=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old eno ugh to go to school.5、條件狀語從句引導條件狀語從句的附屬連詞主要有if, uni

18、 ess, as so lo ng as等。如： Don't come unless I telephone.除非我打 ，否那么你別來。If you watch carefully you will see how to do it.如果你仔細看，你會看出該怎樣做在條件狀語從句里，謂語動詞通常用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)主將從現(xiàn)。女口： I ' II heliyou with your English if am free tomorrow.He won't be late unless he is ill. 祈使句+ and or+陳述句一般將來時在意思上相當于一個

19、帶有條件狀 語從句的復合句。女口： Hurry up, or you ' ll be late.=If you don 't hurry ui, you 'll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.6. 讓步狀語從句 引導讓步狀語從句的附屬連詞主要有although, though, even though， even if 即使，如：The speech is good, though it could be better.這次

20、演講不錯，雖然還可以再好一 點。He went out even though it was raining. 盡管下著雨，他還是出去了。 連詞 while 有時也可表示“盡管、“雖然，引導讓步狀語從句。女口： While we don't agree with each other, we continue to be friends.盡管我們意見不同，我們還是朋友。 whatever, whoever, however, whe never, wherever 等引導讓步狀語從句。女口： Don't lose heart whatever you do.不管你做什么，都不要

21、灰心。Whoever you are, you can't pass this way. 不管你是誰，你都不能從這里通過。 as也可引導讓步狀語從句，但要將名詞、形容詞或副詞等提到as前，假設提前的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，要省略 a或an。如： Teacher as he is, he can't know everything. 雖然是老師，他也不可能什么都懂。例題精析1. You will stay healthy you do more exercise, such as running and walking.A. ifB. how C. before D. where答案：

22、A。 思路分析：該題考查的是引導狀語從句的附屬連詞的選擇。從意思上看，從句應 是一個條件狀語從句，在這四個選項中只有 if 能引導條件狀語從句，所以選 A。2. -Shall we go on working?-Yes, I prefer to have a rest.A. whenB. ifC. becauseD. though答案： D。 思路分析：該題考查的是引導狀語從句的附屬連詞的選擇。從意思上看，只有選 though 才能說得通。3. None of us knew what had happened they told us about it.A. whenB. untilC. a

23、fterD. though答案： B。思路分析：該題考查的是引導狀語從句的附屬連詞選擇。本句的意思是 在以 前我們沒人知道這件事。要表達著一意思應用“notuntil這一句型。4. -I hope you 'll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. I 'll give you a call I get there.A. untilB. as soon asC. sinceD. till答案： B思路分析： 該題考查的是引導狀語從句的附屬連詞的選擇。此題的意思是 “一到那 里，我就給你打 。 要表達這個意思應選用as soon as。5

24、. Scientists say it may be a few years it is possible to test the new medicine onpatients. 2021，無錫 A.because B.after C.before D.since 答案： C。思路分析： 該題考查的是引導狀語從句的附屬連詞選擇。根據題意可知從句的事 情發(fā)生在主句之前。應選before。6. We will have no water to drink we don't protect the earth. 2021 ，上海 答案： D。思路分析： 從意思上看，從句應是一個條件狀語從句

25、，在這四個選項中只有 if 能 引導條件狀語從句，所以選D。7. -Could we play football in your playground,Sir? 2021，揚州 -No,you have the principal's note.A.if B.unless C.because D.since 答案： B。思路分析： 從意思上看，從句應是一個條件狀語從句，句子意思是 “除非你有校長 的指示 。8. You bought the car about ten years ago?2021，黃崗 Yes. it's old, it still runs well.A.

26、BecauseB. SinceC. AlthoughD. But答案： Cbecause思路分析：此題考查讓步狀語從句。 根據句意 “盡管舊了，但它運轉很好 因為， since 既然， although 盡管， but 但是。應選 C。9. Will you please give the dictionary to Jane?Sure, I ll give it to hershe arrives he2021，天津A. beforeB. untilC. because D. as soon as答案： D思路分析：此題考查時間狀語從句。句意 她一到這兒，我就會給她。before在 之前，不

27、符合邏輯；until直到，不能與短暫性動詞give連用；because因為，不 符合邏輯；as soon as 一 就，符合句意。應選 D。10. What was your brother doing at this time yesterday? 2021，濱州 He was reading a magazine I was writing anemail at home.A. as soon asB. afterC. untilD. while答案： D思路分析：此題考查時間狀語從句。表示當時，連接兩個同時進行的動作，用while。應選D。11. The book was written

28、 in _ easy English _ even primary school students could understand it . 2021，鎮(zhèn)江A. so; thatB. such; thatC. too; toD. very; that答案： B思路分析： 此題考查結果狀語從句。 D 本身為錯誤項，故排除； C 項中 to 后接動 詞原形，排除；A項中so后接形容詞，排除； such+名詞短語+ that從句表 如 此以至于 。應選 B。課堂穩(wěn)固練習根據中文意思完成以下英語句子1. 不管他跟我開什麼玩笑，我都不生氣。I am not angry with him, jokes

29、he on me.2. 布魯斯太太對學生非常親切，以至于學生把她當做母親。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students they her theirmother.3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Our parents will be pleased with our performance we try ourbest.4. 你一到上海就給我打個 好嗎？Will you please call me you get to Shanghai.5. 這個七歲的女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經堅持練習兩年了。The seven-year-old girl likes

30、 playing the piano she has keptpracticing for two years.6. 雖然她很忙，他還堅持自學英語。 , she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他長大后相當一名記者。He wants to be a journalist .8. 無論刮風下雨，我們的老師總是第一個到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人為保護環(huán)境做出奉獻，世界將會變得更美好。 to protecting the envir

31、onment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天沒來上學，因為他病了。Li Ming didn't come to school .Key ： 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he grows up 8.Whether it ' s9. If everyone makes a contributio

32、n 10. because he was illB組單項選擇：( )1. we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister.A. WhateverB. HoweverC. WheneverD. Whichever( )2. Hard-working though he was, there was never enough money to pay thebills.A. /B. AndC. butD. therefore( )3. Much hard he tried ， he flailed to

33、 catch up with the first runner.A. althoughB. AsC. whileD. when( )4. I got in touch with Charles I received his letter.A. when immediately B. SoonC. immediately D. suddenly( ) 5. We were just calling you up you came in.A. about; whenB. on the point of; whileC. on the point of; whenD. on the point of

34、; as( )6. Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public his tragic (悲劇 ) death in 1786.A. even beforeB. ever sinceC. until afterD. untilbefore( )7. Mr. Saddam Hussein had to go with the American soldiers, .A. no matter he likes or notB. no matter he should like it or n

35、otC. no matter whether he likes or notD. no matter he may like it or not( ) 8. , I have to put it away and focus ( 集中 )my attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story isamusing( ) 9. Most animal

36、s have little connection with animals of a different kind, theyhunt them for food.A. ifB. WhileC. unless D. as( )10. he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in theway.A. Although B. UnlessC. BecauseD. When( )11. Babies sleep l6 to l8 hours in every 24 hours, and they sleep less t

37、heygrow older.A. while B. as C. when D. after( )12. I have been keeping the portrait I can see it every day, as it alwaysreminds me of my childhood in Paris.A. since B. Where C. as D. if ( )13. your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can beavoided.A. Having checkedB. CheckC. If you checkD

38、. To check( )14. I would never speak to someone like that they said somethingunpleasant to me.A. even ifB. so thatC. as if D. ever since( )15. Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher? Yes. I gave it to him I saw him.A. onceB. whileC. ifD. the moment( )16. A warning news report fro

39、m Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are they leave the Arabworld forever.A. even though B. in caseC. wheneverD. until( ) 17. May I go now? you've finished your work, you may go.A. AfterB. Although C. Now thatD. As soon as( )18. " I live ther

40、e are plenty of sheep." said the boy pride.A. Where; with B. When; in C. That; in D. Why; with( )19. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat he would seeme waking.A. whether; whenB. that；whenC. which ；whereD. where；when)20. It will be five yearswe meet again.A. sinceB. UntilC.

41、 beforeD. when)21. Never lose heartdifficulty you may meet with.A. whatB. whatever C. howD. however) 22.we are allowed, we can' t drink any beer.A. As long as; to do B. If; toC. Unless; toD. Oncondition that; doing so( )23. You can still find bones of the birds they used to live.A. in whichB. in

42、 the place C. where D. that( )24. How can they learn anything they spend all their spare time watchingTV?D. butt agree that they cannot be solvedD. UnlessA. whereB. whenC. while( )25. I admit that there are problems, I donA. WhileB. IfC. As答案與思路分析：1. A.因為gave后面已經有表示物的直接賓語了， 排除代詞A、C、和D0however 意為無論如何

43、 whenever意為每當，根據句意，只有選 C,意義才通。Hard-working though2. A. 因為前面已經連詞 though 了，所以不再需要連詞了he was=Although he was hard-working 。3. B. 因為 as 引導讓步狀語從句，要求將從句的表語或狀語等放到句首。而 although, while 表示讓步時，都用正常語序；另外， though 引導的讓步狀語從句， 其表語或狀語等可提前也可不提前。4. C. 因為 immediately, instantly, directly 和 the moment, the instant, the m

44、inute 等 都可以用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，相當于as soon as。5. C. 因為表示 “正要做某事時，突然又發(fā)生另一件事 的句型是： was /were justabout to do sth. when或iWas /were just on the point of doing sth. whendid 6. C.因為notuntil直到才，再接before語意上不通，要用 after。7. C.因為no matter后一定要接疑問詞或 whether。8. C.引導狀語從句時no matter how二however，其后接形容詞或副詞，只有C正確。9. C. unless

45、除非“、如果不 。句意是：大多數(shù)動物與其它不同種類的動物都沒 有什么聯(lián)系，除非是把它們獵為食物。10. A. 句意是：雖然他認為他在幫我們做工，但事實上他是在擋事。11. B. 表示主、從句的謂語動詞同時變化的 “隨著只能用 as。12. B.因為keep the portrait 把照片放在后面一定是指所放的 地方了，所 以用 where 在的地方 引導一個地點狀語從句。13. C.因為非謂語動詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語，mistakes不能check，排除A和D;假設用B，那么前后是兩個句子，又無連詞，排除B。14. A.只有先A，前后意義才通：even if即使、縱然；so that為了

46、、以便；as if. 好象；ever since從那時到現(xiàn)在。15. D.因為the moment可作連詞，與 as soon as相當。16. D. until 直到與肯定句連用，引出的時間是主句謂語動詞結束的時間。even though即使；in case以防萬一； whenever每當、無論何時。17. C. 因為 now that =since 既“然 。18. A. 因為 with pride 驕傲地 是固定短語； where 在的地方 引導一個地 點狀語從句，19. D. 由 where 引導一個地點狀語從句，表示坐 sat 的地方；后面是帶有連 詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語， when

47、 waking=when he woke。20. C.因為It will be +時間段+ before 是固定句式，意為 過之后才句 意是：要過五年之后，我們才會再次見面。21. B. 因為 whatever = no matter what 引導一個讓步狀語從句，并作 difficulty 的定語。句意是：你無論遇到什么困難，也決不要灰心喪氣。22. C. 句意是：如果不允許我們喝啤酒，我們就不能喝。23. C.因為無先行詞，不是定語從句，而是由where引導的一個地點狀語從句。 句意是：在它們過去居住的地方，你仍然可以找到鳥的骨頭。24. B. 題中 when=since 既然。 句意是

48、：既然他們把所有的空閑時間都用來看電 視了，他們還能學到什么呢？25. A. 因為 while 可以表示讓步，與 although 相當，意為 “雖然。能力提升A組閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從 A、 B、 C、 D 四個選項中選出最正確選項。My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his lifewas _J_in hosp

49、ital. By the time he was eight, you would n't know he has a problem whe n you saw him 2 .Children in our neighborhood always ran around _3_ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, _4. We n ever told him that he probably would n't be _5_ to run like the other childre n. So he did n&

50、#39;t know.In _6_ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, _7_ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the _8. We did n't tell him he probably would n ever make the team, so he did n't know.He ran four to five m

51、ile every day - even when he had a fever. I was_9_ , so Iwent to 10 him after school. I found him running 11. I asked him how he felt.“ Okay, he said. He has two more mseto go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 .Two weeks later, the n ames of the team 13 were caked. Joey was nu mber six on th

52、e list. Joey had 14 the team. He was in seve nth grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We n ever told him he could n't do itso he did n't know. Hejust 15 it.()1. A. spe ntB. take nC. costD. paid()2. A. talkB. sitC. studyD. walk()3. A. afterB. beforeC. dur ingD. till()4.

53、 A. eitherB. tooC. thoughD. yet()5. A. ableB. sorryC. gladD. afraid()6. A. sixthB. seve nthC. eighthD. ninth()7. A. soB. ifC. thenD. because()8. A. n eighborhoodB. familyC. schoolD. grade()9. A. excitedB. tiredC. pleasedD. worried()10. A. think aboutB. hear fromC. agree withD. look for()11. A. alo n

54、eB. awayC. almostD. already()12. A. rid ingB. walki ngC. playi ngD. running()13. A. jumpersB. runnersC. doctorsD. teachersD. foundC. made( )14. A. got B. kept ( )15. A. did B. had C. left D. tookKeys： 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. DB組閱讀文章，選擇最正確答案(A)Un

55、i ess we spe nd money to spot 認出，發(fā)現(xiàn))and preve nt asteroids(小、行星)now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星體)that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don'tthreaten us. But ther

56、e are aiso thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a coiiision course with Earth.But $500 miiiion worth of new teiescopes right now, then spend $10 miiiion a year for the next 25 years to iocate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatai one, the scientists say, we' ii have a way to change its course.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are