中考閱讀與長難句

1、細(xì)節(jié)題“能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運(yùn)用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息” 細(xì)節(jié)題1.細(xì)節(jié)題題型分類單一細(xì)節(jié)題（常出現(xiàn)于A,B篇）多處細(xì)節(jié)題 （常出現(xiàn)于C,D篇）Which of the following is (NOT) true according to the passage?2.細(xì)節(jié)題解題方法第一步：找詞具體實(shí)詞（名詞，數(shù)字，人名）第二步：定位同義轉(zhuǎn)述，反義轉(zhuǎn)述，其他相關(guān)詞3.細(xì)節(jié)題做題注意事項(xiàng)(1)數(shù)字題(2)題干中關(guān)鍵詞在文中多次出現(xiàn)(3)題干與選項(xiàng)間句式主被動(dòng)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換Which food could be more popular among British adults, a hamburg

2、er or fish and chips? BA. A hamburger.B. Fish and chips. C. Both. D. Neither. George advises Alice to talk to _B_ for help.A. her mother B. her teacher C. Bobs teacherD. Bobs friendsWhen you cough or sneeze, youd better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your

3、hand. And then, you should say, “Excuse me.”51. When you cough or sneeze, you should _B_.A. touch everything B. cover your mouth C. point out to the kids D. pass the germs to othersIf you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door. If the door opens by pulling, pull it open, stand to

4、 the side, and allow the other person to pass.52. If you come to a door and someone is following you, youd better _A_.A. hold the door B. pass through C. close the door D. stand to the sideB篇難度-天津Our government is working hard to save pandas. There are more than 30 nature reserves to protect pandas

5、but these are not enough. The government has made a new plan to help pandas. The nature reserves will be bigger and the bamboo will grow better. Then the pandas will have enough food and enough places to live in. Pandas born in the zoos may go back to live in the nature reserves. Then the pandas wil

6、l have enough food and enough places to live in. Pandas born in the zoos may go back to live in the nature reserves. 3. The government is trying _C_ to help the pandas. A. to build more zoos B. to send more scientists C. to make bigger nature reserves D. to ask the WWF to work in China Panda出現(xiàn)多次，不成為

7、定位點(diǎn)C、D篇難度-北京中考Is the belief true? The scientists in Asia largely dismiss the belief as a modern-day superstition (迷信). The blood-type personality theory (理論) started in Japan in 1927.the idea that personality is related to ones ABO blood type Researchers concluded that as the belief in the stereotyp

8、es increases, people may be changing their personality to follow the blood-type theory.59. Which of the following is true according to the passage? AA. Most scientists in Asia dont believe in the theory.B. The blood-type theory began in Japan in the 1970s.C. The blood-type personality theory is abou

9、t blood type.D. People dont change their personality to match the theory.C、D篇難度The little baby whaleactually as big as our boat. Slowly, they let us lead them, sometimes rising from the water right beside us to breatheand to give us a trusting look with those huge eyes They made great efforts to swi

10、m towards the deep sea but failed and started heading in the wrong direction. 56. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The mother whale was as big as the boat.B. The mother whale trusted the writers fatherC. The mother whale asked the writers family for help.D. The mother whal

11、e led her baby to the sea successfully.Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct training. When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means “yes”. When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side, it means “no”. If you want the pilo

12、t to know that its safe to land, push your hands out in front of you and bend（彎曲）your knees. If you want to say that its not safe to land, put your arms in the air and move them to one side. 54 Which picture means “its not safe land”? put your arms in the air and move them to one side. 猜詞題“能根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞

13、法推斷、理解生詞的含義” 猜詞題1.猜詞題就詞猜詞，必死無疑一定要通過前后句，上下文。2.猜詞題技巧(1)通過因果關(guān)系猜詞because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, of course, thereforeYou shouldn't have blamed him for that, for it wasn't his fault.(2)通過同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞同義詞and, or反義詞but, however, while, 與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語He is so homely，not at all as h

14、andsome as his brother. (3)通過定義或釋義關(guān)系來推測(cè)詞義But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought.2013年北京中考It's a lot easier to hold your ground with a stranger than with someone you love.But the more important the relationship is to you than the more 

15、important it is to be assertive.（堅(jiān)定而自信的）54. The expression “hold your ground” probably means “_ “.A. reach an agreement.B. insist on your point.C. keep your words.D. keep on fighting.The following day I ask her how the test went and she just says “OK, I got a nine”.“Wow, well done!” I say, before sh

16、e finishes with “But I never get a ten!”According to James, this obsession with getting top marks has been a bad development, which encourages people to think of education in terms of work and money. To test this, I asked my daughter why she was so worried about her tests. She looked at me as if I w

17、as thick. “Well, if I dont get good grades, I dont get into university. Then I probably wont get a good job and I wont be able to afford nice things like a car and stuff.”57. What does the word “obsession” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A plain and unavoidable fact.B. A satisfied and very proud state.C. A p

18、otential and widely-used way.D. A fixed and often unreasonable idea.中考C篇Reading something difficult文章主旨內(nèi)容Start to read normally until you run into a sentence that doesnt make sense to you.54. The underlined phrase” run into” means_A. work out（算出） B. comes across（遇到）C. look into（調(diào)查） D. pass by（路過）中考D

19、篇Some young Koreans have taken to the theory. A recent study showed 76 percent of Koreans aged between 13 and 64 believing in the blood-type personality connection.58. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A. It was lightly believed. B. It was brought to them.C. They liked and accept

20、ed it. D. They stole the idea from others.中考C篇Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way that they do, called psychologists.55. A psychologist is a person who may help you with your_.A. illness and abilities.（疾病和能力） B. thoughts and behaviour

21、.C. mind and nervous system（頭腦和神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)） D. physical activity and daily exercise（體力活動(dòng)和日常鍛煉）課標(biāo)卷Peanuts are very highly nutritious and are high in protein（蛋白質(zhì)）.What dose the underlined word “nutritious” mean? A A. Good for health（有益于健康）B. Helpful to the poor（有助于窮人）C. Delicious and tasty（美味可口）D. Rich in fa

22、t and oil（富含油脂）北京卷The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain（鏈條） of people they know. Another name of this chain is degrees of separation. Each degree is a step that separates a person from someone he or she does not know. There are zero degrees of sepa

23、ration between a person and the people he or she knows directly. This means that there are zero degrees between Ben and his mom. What is the meaning of “degrees of separation” in paragraph 2？AA. The chain to connect people.B. The relations between people.C. The steps of knowing strangers.D. The sepa

24、ration between strangers主旨題“能找出文章中的主題，理解故事的情節(jié)，預(yù)測(cè)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局” 主旨題1.主旨題首段 找核心詞尾段 看作者觀點(diǎn)各段的首句2.主旨題可以忽略的地方顯性例證for example, such as隱形例證數(shù)字3.主旨題思路第一步：找文章的核心詞第二步：比較選項(xiàng)差異去同較異作者態(tài)度逆向思維主旨題(1) Which is the best title of the passage?(2) Which of the following is this passage about?(3) In this passage the writer t

25、ries to tell us that_.(4) The passage tells us that_.(5) This passage mainly talks about_.難度指數(shù) 關(guān)鍵詞不同時(shí)2011 2012 年度西城區(qū)初三期末考試（首段）The secret in re-remembering is to （尾段）This memory method no matter what you have forgotten, there is a chance to solve any memory mystery（謎團(tuán)）.What can be the best title for

26、the passage?A. Forgetting - You can never really forgetB. Drawing - The better way to remember thingsC. Re-remembering - Remember what you have forgottenD. Replacing - Forgetting something instead of remembering難度指數(shù) 關(guān)鍵詞相同時(shí) - 1. 看作者態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)2. 比全面60. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Netspeak

27、: A Widely-Used Language on InternetB. Is Netspeak : Harming the English Language?C. Is Netspeak : Helpful in Language Learning?D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages首段：She was only about five feet tall and probably never weighed more than 110 pounds, but Miss Bessie was a towering presence in th

28、e classroom. She was the only woman tough enough to make me read Beowulf and think for a few stupid days that I liked it. From 1938 to 1942, she taught me English, history and a lot more than I realized. 尾段：No child can get all the necessary support at home, and millions of poor children get no supp

29、ort at all. This is what makes a wise, educated, warm-hearted teacher like Miss Bessie so essential to the minds, hearts and souls of this country's children. 60. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? CA. Dreams Go with Education   B. An Unforgettable Less

30、on C. Unforgettable Miss Bessie    D. Reading Makes a Full Man 首段：The book, Bring Your Book To Life, by William John Mills, points out that the secret to meaning in life, and in work, depends on how you relate to yourself, how you relate to others and to your relationship with hi

31、gher values or purpose in life. 尾段：That can make the difference between just living and feeling fully alive. You have to work at living, not just at working. Mills book just has excellent guides for such a journey.57.The best title for the passage is _C_.A. Love What You Do and What You HaveB. Live

32、a Life with Higher Values or PurposeC. Find Meaning in Your Work and Your LifeD. Build Relationships Between Your Work and Life段首：Stress(壓力，緊張)is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life.When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adr

33、enaline(腎上腺素)What can you do about stress? 尾段：The link(關(guān)系)between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. Its important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious meals. Some people

34、 take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you can do is daily exercise. If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline. Of course, a person who isnt used to much physical activity should start slowly. An

35、yone with a continuing physical problem should check with a doctor before starting any exercise programs.58. What is probably the best title for this passage? AA. The Body-Brain Link B. The Causes of StressC. The Advice on Health D. The Nervous System首段：Many textbooks are not written in the kind of

36、English that we speak every day. In fact, sometimes the reading is so difficult that it almost seems like a foreign language. In a way, it is the language of science. You should not expect to be able to read a difficult science passage the same way you read an interesting story; you should not expec

37、t to read it easily and all at once. Instead, you may have to read it several times through, catching on the meaning of difficult words, going back over difficult sentences, and finally putting the whole thing together. Do not be discourages if the whole passage dont make sense to you at first. You

38、need to pick it apart patiently until you can understand it.段首：These are the steps to follow when you are reading something difficult:56. The massage is mainly about _A_.A. steps of studying scienceB. difficulties in reading scienceC. ways of reading science passages D. researches on science and Eng

39、lish 推斷題1.推斷題答案來自于原文但不等同于原文。答案必須忠于原文，不能主觀臆斷。(1) We can infer from the text that _.(2) From the story we can guess _.東晉詩人陶淵明曾經(jīng)寫過這樣一句詩“采菊東籬下，悠然見南山。”問：從這句詩中我們可以推斷出什么？A. 作者在東邊的籬笆下采菊花。B. 作者是斜眼。C. 作者在山間怡然自得。D. 作者被貶，厭倦官場(chǎng)生活，隱居山林所感。世界上有兩種人，一種是男人，一種是女人。說張三這個(gè)東西，不是女人。那么我們可以推斷： A. 張三是男人。 B. 張三是女人。 C. 張三不是女人。 D.

40、張三是女人是不可能的。A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.3. From the last sentence of Paragraph 5 we can infer that _.A. its difficult to change a stressful situationB. its not stressful when a good change takes placeC. a big change will cause another stressful situationD. a st

41、ressful situation cant be changed without any effort總結(jié)閱讀理解題取材廣泛，但仍然有規(guī)律可循。1.平時(shí)要多閱讀并善于總結(jié)，積累解題技巧。2.考試時(shí)要研讀好文本，不放過文本中細(xì)節(jié)。3.做完題后要仔細(xì)檢查，每篇材料應(yīng)有完整情節(jié)。長難句定語從句先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who played baseball with me,who took me horse-back riding, who took me to the father-son dinner

42、s,and who gave me lessons on how to drive.Kind-hearted and open-minded, my father is the one who plays basketball with me,and who gives me lessons on how to study.Today, thanks to modern transportation and well-organized society, thousands of people willingly and eagerly leave the surroundings where

43、 they were born, and the oftener they do so, the less sentiment they are likely to have for those surroundings.賓語從句時(shí)態(tài)+陳述語序賓語從句They have always complained that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they do not trust their children to deal with problems; that they talk too much about c

44、ertain problems, and that they have to no sense of humor, at last in parent-child relationships.We remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.The thing that amazed me most was that the first time I read these works on my own some of them seemed dead, but the second time, after

45、 his explanation, I couldnt believe that I hadnt seen the humor.狀語從句時(shí)間/條件/結(jié)果A great many people, when they speak of home, then to connect it with a certain atmosphere, certain physical surroundings, and certain emotional attitudes within themselves.Although  our  situation  was 

46、very  bad, its  difficult  to  feel  too  sorry  for  yourself when  you  look  at  whats  happening  elsewhere.If you cant at least try to put yourself in someone elses shoes, how can you understand their situation, their problem

47、s and issues?長難句練習(xí)1. She never failed to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I want it, if I only tried hard enough.2. Nowadays, nobody could have failed to notice the fact that * has become more and more important. 3. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see

48、that beauty when it flowered and that we failed to react with love when it was gentle.4.A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and  gets hit by 

49、a passing car，as the owner, you have to pay for any damage done to the car，even if your dog has been killed in the accident記敘文六要素：時(shí)間、人物、地點(diǎn)、事件、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果開頭：好/壞中間：壞/好結(jié)尾：好（提升）“Will you give my

50、kite a lift?” asked my nephew to his sister. Lucy took it up and threw it into the air, but her brother didnt pay attention and ran off, so the kite fell down. “Try again, children,” I said.Lucy once more took up the kite. But John ran off so suddenly that the kite flew out of her hand and it fell f

51、lat as before. “Try again,” said I.They did, and with more care, but a side wind came suddenly. As Lucy let go the kite, it was blown against some bushes and the tail was caught. Meanwhile, I went to the kites assistance and set the tail free from the bushes. I told them to find a more open area and

52、 then try again. We found an open area. I threw the kite up as John ran off. It rose up and promised a high flight. But John was so pleased that he stopped short to look upward. The string became loose. The kite shook and came down to the ground. “I wont try anymore. The kite wont fly.” said he angr

53、ily. I replied, “A few disappointments are not supposed to discourage us. And now try again.” And he tried and succeeded, for the kite was carried upward on the breeze as lightly as a feather. He was very excited to enjoy the sight. John began to roll up the string slowly. “Shall we come out tomorro

54、w and try again?”I smiled, “Yes, dear children. I wish to teach you the value of keeping trying. Whenever you fail, remember TRY AGAIN!”50. How many times did they fly the kite?A. Five. B. Four. C. Three. D. Six.51. How did John feel when he finally flew the kite up?A. Angry. B. Hopeful.C. Excited.

55、D. Worried52. The writer wants to tell us _.A. the ways of flying kites B. the pleasure of flying kitesC. the cost of making mistakes D. the importance of keeping tryingIt was a Sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. The morning after the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air

56、and a calm, inviting sea. My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. Im so glad I did.Being on the boat, we found there was something meters away. When moving neare

57、r, we saw it was a mother whale with her baby. We couldnt believe it there arent any whales along the coast. The storm must have driven them there, where the sea water was so dirty that nothing could live in it.The little baby whaleactually as big as our boatwas stuck and could not move. The mother went down into the water and came up suddenly, making big waves. “Shes trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,” my father said. At this point, my father moved