中考英語語法專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練新人教版

1、本資料來源于大家網(wǎng)中考英語論壇初三語法專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：現(xiàn)在完成時用法小結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：助動詞have（has）+ 過去分詞，1表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例如：i have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動作，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）現(xiàn)在完成時常用的時間狀語有： already （”已經(jīng)” 用于肯定句的中間和末尾處）never (“從不” 用于中間處)ever （”曾經(jīng)” 用于疑問句和肯定句的中間處）just (“剛剛” 用于中間處)yet (“已經(jīng)” 用于疑問句的末尾處 / “還” 用于否定句的末尾處

2、)或不加任何的時間狀語，但不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生的時間在過去。試比較：the plane has arrived . 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）the plane arrived a quarter ago. 飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間在過去）i have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會繼續(xù)。）i taught he

3、re for a year. 我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）練習(xí)：i翻譯下列句子：1. 你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎？2. 我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。3. 我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。4. 他已經(jīng)吃過午飯了。5. 你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？6. 我哥哥還沒回來。7. 我上星期看過這部電影。8. 在1992年他住在這里。ii 用過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時填空：1. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “yes.” “when _ you _ (have) it?” “i _ (have) it at 12:00.”2. “_ you _ (write) a letter to

4、your aunt yet?” “yes, i _. i _ (write) one last week.”3. “_ he _ (finish) his homework?” “not yet.”4. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” “yes, just once.”5. your father _ just _ (finish) his work.6. your father _ (finish) his work just now.7. last term i _ (learn) many english words.8. they _ (not read) t

5、he interesting books yet.9. he _ never _ (go) to the science museum.10. _ you ever _ (drink) coke?11. “_ you _ (buy) a dictionary? “ “yes, i _ .” “where _ you _ (buy) it?” “ i _ (buy) it in a bookstore.” “when _ you _ (buy) it?” “ yesterday.”since 和 for 的用法表示過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)常用的時間狀語有：for, since, how

6、 long, so far, these days等。since+過去點(diǎn)的時間，for+一段時間（數(shù)詞+量詞），此劃線部分用how long提問。一、since短語或從句表示過去的動作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時間為一點(diǎn)。 如：mr. smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。hes learned about 5,000 english words since he went to college. 他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個英語單詞。二、for短語表示動作延續(xù)多長時間，for的賓語為時間段。 如：we have known

7、each other for twenty years. 我們認(rèn)識有二十年了。i havent seen her for a long time. 我好久沒有見到她了。練習(xí)：用since和for填空1) _ two years2) _ two years ago3) _ last month 4) _ 19995) _ yesterday6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours8) _ an hour ago9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time11) _ she left here1. he has lived in nanjing _ the

8、 year before last.2. ive known him _ we were children.3. our teacher has studied japanese _ three years.4. she has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. its about ten years _ she left the city.2.短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)性arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the f

9、arm/be here/be there1) he got to beijing five minutes ago.he _ _ _ beijing for _ _.2) i moved to the usa last year.i _ _ _ the usa since _ _.3) i went home yesterday.i _ _ _ home for _ _.4) they came here last week.they _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, return be backcome/go out be out1) he came out

10、two years ago.he _ _ _ for _ _.2) we return to fuzhou yesterday.we _ _ _ to fuzhou since _.become be1) i became a teacher in 2000.i _ _ a teacher for _ _.2) the river became dirty last year.the river _ _ dirty for _ _.close be closed open be open1) the shop closed two hours ago.the shop _ _ _ for _

11、_.2) the door opened at six in the morning.the door _ _ _ for six hours.get up be up die be deadleave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleepfinish/end be over marry be married1) i got up two hours ago.i _ _ _ since _ _.2) he left fuzhou just now.he _ _ _ _ fuzhou for five minutes.3)

12、 my grandpa died in 2002.my grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) the meeting finished at six.the meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) i got to sleep two hours ago.i _ _ _ since _ _.6) they married in 1990.they _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. do sth.begin be on1) i began to teach at this school in 1995.i _ _ at thi

13、s school since _.2) the film began two minutes ago.the film _ _ _ for _ _.borrow keep lose not havebuy have put on wearcatch/get a cold have a coldget to know know1) they borrowed it last week.they _ _ it since _ _.2) i bought a pen two hours ago.i _ _ a pen for _ _.3) i got to know him last year.i

14、_ _ him since _ _.4) i put on my glasses three years ago.i _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to have been in1) he has gone to beijing.he _ _ _ beijing for two days.join the league/the party/the army be a league/a party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the party be in the league/the part

15、y/the army1) he joined the league in 2002.he _ _ a _ _ for two years.he _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.he _ _ _ the league for two years.2) my brother joined the army two years ago.my brother _ _ a _ for _ _.my brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.3.漢譯英1）這本字典我已買了三年了。2）他離開中國三年了。3）我認(rèn)識他們五年了。4）他們已去了美國五年了。5）自

16、從他搬到福州，他就住這兒了。6）他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年。7）我妹妹成為一個大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。8）這會已開了多長時間了？9）這門已經(jīng)關(guān)了兩天了。10）我入團(tuán)2年了。 i _ _ _ two years ago.i _ _ a _ _ for two years.i _ _ a _ of _ _ for two years.i _ _ _ the _ for two years.11）自從1999年以來他們就認(rèn)識。12）我來到農(nóng)場已5年了。4.劃線提問1) i have been there for two days. _ _ _ you _ _ ?2) my father has lived here

17、 since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) he left here yesterday._ _ he _ _?4) they bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book?have been in, have been to 與have gone to 的用法一、have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多長時間”，常與表示一段時間的狀語連用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：mr. brown has been in shanghai for three days. 布朗先生來上海已經(jīng)

18、有三天了。此外還有這些搭配： have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm have been here (there) / abroad二、have(has)been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust, ever, never等連用，例如： i have just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。mary has never been to the great wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。have you ever been to hangzhou? 你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？

19、have(has) been to 后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：i have been to beijing three times. 我去過北京三次。they have been to that village several times. 他們?nèi)ミ^那個村莊好幾次了。三、have(has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。例如：-where is tom? -he has gone to the bookshop. 湯姆在哪里？他到書店去了。jack johnson has gon

20、e to london. 杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了。練習(xí)：i. 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。a: where _ li fei _?b: he _ to hainan island.a: how long _ he _ there?b: he _ there for three days.a: when will he come back , do you know?b: im afraid he wont come back recently.a: could you tell me the way to hainan island?b: sorry,

21、 i _ never _ there.a: how many times _ li fei _ to that place?b: he _ there only once. ii. 用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各種形式填空。1) where is jack? he _ his country.2) david _ the park just now.3) john _ england since he came back.4) how long _ have _ this village?5) the smiths _ beijing for y

22、ears.6) _ you ever _ america? - yes, i _ there many times.7) i _ this school since three years ago.8) where is jim? he _ the farm.9) when_ he _? he _ an hour ago.10) would you like to _ the zoo with me? -yes, but i _ there before.11) where _ you _ now? - i _ the zoo.12) he often _ swimming.13) _ you

23、 _ there last year?14) _ they often _ skating in winter?iii.翻譯下列句子：1. 他已經(jīng)來中國三年多了。2. 他們出國兩個月了。3. 我從來沒去過長城。4. 你曾經(jīng)出過國嗎？5. 他已經(jīng)去圖書館了。6. 他來這兒五年了。7. 昨天他去了公園。8. “你要去哪里？” “我要去學(xué)校?！?. 他常常去游泳。綜合練習(xí): i. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空1. i have _ seen him before, so i have no idea about him.2. jack has _

24、finished his homework _ an hour ago.3. mr. wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “have you _ seen the film?” “no, i have _ seen it.”5. “has the bus left _?” “yes, it has _ left.”ii. 翻譯下列句子：1. 他們已經(jīng)打掃了教室嗎？2. 我們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識有二十年了。3. 打那以后，她一直住在這。4. “你曾經(jīng)到過那里嗎？” “不，我從來沒到過那里?！?iii. 用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.both of them _ (be) in hongkong for ten days.3.bo