情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have_done的用法PowerPoint 演示文稿

1、.1“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用的用法法 .2一、一、 “must+have+done” 表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成“一定做一定做過某事過某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛孢€是濕的。昨晚一定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛孢€是濕的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人說話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。你和仆人說話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。.3二、二、 “c

2、ant+have+done” 表示對過去事情的否定推測，譯成表示對過去事情的否定推測，譯成“不可能做過不可能做過某事某事”。 1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見過他。過他。 2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. 瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回家去了。瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回家去了。.4三、 “can+have+done

3、” 表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句，譯表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句，譯成成“可能做過可能做過嗎？嗎？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里沒有燈，他們可能出去了嗎？屋里沒有燈，他們可能出去了嗎？ 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到處找不到他們，他們可能到什么地方去到處找不到他們，他們可能到什么地方去呢？呢？.5四、 “could+have+done” 是虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，意是虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的

4、假設(shè)，意思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做。思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試，但是他太粗心。本來他能夠通過考試，但是他太粗心。.6五、五、 “may+have+done” 表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測，意思是表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測，意思是“可可能已經(jīng)能已經(jīng)”或或“也許已經(jīng)也許已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中。，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to George? I dont know. He may have got lost. 喬治發(fā)生了什么事？喬治發(fā)生了什么事？

5、我不知道，他可能迷路了。我不知道，他可能迷路了。.7六、六、 “might+have+done” 表示對過去事情的推測，表示對過去事情的推測，might與與may意思相同，意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或許會(huì)多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。他或許會(huì)多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given he

6、r more chances. 如果你多給她點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)，她可能已經(jīng)取得更大的成如果你多給她點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)，她可能已經(jīng)取得更大的成績。績。.8七、 “would+have+done” 虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，意思虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，意思是是“本來會(huì)本來會(huì)”。 1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本來會(huì)告訴你這個(gè)小男孩的故事，但是我本來會(huì)告訴你這個(gè)小男孩的故事，但是你沒有問我。你沒有問我。 2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved

7、 so much. 沒有你的幫助，我是不會(huì)取得如此大的成沒有你的幫助，我是不會(huì)取得如此大的成績?？儭?9八、 “should+have+done” 意思是意思是“本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做。本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做。” “shouldnt+have+done”表示本來不應(yīng)該做某表示本來不應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對方或自責(zé)的含意。事，而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對方或自責(zé)的含意。 1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 湯姆，你太懶惰了，這項(xiàng)工作本來應(yīng)該昨天就做湯姆，你太懶惰了，這項(xiàng)工作本來

8、應(yīng)該昨天就做完的。完的。 2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看，湯姆哭了，我本來不應(yīng)該對他如此嚴(yán)厲。看，湯姆哭了，我本來不應(yīng)該對他如此嚴(yán)厲。.10九、九、 “ought to+have+done” 表示過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并沒有做，譯成表示過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并沒有做，譯成“理應(yīng)做理應(yīng)做”，往往表示遺憾。與，往往表示遺憾。與“should+have+done”用法基本一樣。用法基本一樣。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理應(yīng)上星期日回家。我理應(yīng)上星期日回家。 You

9、 ought not to have given him more help. 你不應(yīng)該幫助他那么多。你不應(yīng)該幫助他那么多。.11十、 “need+have+done” 表示本來需要做某事而沒有做。表示本來需要做某事而沒有做?！皀eednt+have+done”則表示則表示“本來不需要做本來不需要做某事而做了某事而做了” I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本來沒有必要買這么多酒，只來了五個(gè)人。我本來沒有必要買這么多酒，只來了五個(gè)人。 He need have hurried to the station. In t

10、hat case, he wouldnt have missed the train. 他本來需要快點(diǎn)去車站，那樣的話，他就不會(huì)誤他本來需要快點(diǎn)去車站，那樣的話，他就不會(huì)誤了火車。了火車。.12總結(jié)：總結(jié)： Can/could have done“本來能夠做而沒做本來能夠做而沒做” Cant/couldnt have done “不可能做了不可能做了” May/might have done “可能做過可能做過” Must have done “肯定做了肯定做了” Should have done “本來應(yīng)該做本來應(yīng)該做”(實(shí)際上沒做實(shí)際上沒做) = ought to have done Sh

11、ouldnt have done “本來不應(yīng)該做本來不應(yīng)該做”（實(shí)際上做了）（實(shí)際上做了） =ought not to have done Need have done “本來需要做本來需要做” Neednt have done“本來不需要做本來不需要做” Would have done“本來會(huì)本來會(huì)” Wouldnt have done “本來不會(huì)本來不會(huì)”.13 【經(jīng)典考例【經(jīng)典考例1】 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006江西江西)

12、A. should have taken B. could have taken C. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken 【經(jīng)典考例【經(jīng)典考例2】 As you worked late yesterday, you _ have come this morning. （2006陜西）陜西） A. maynt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt.14 1. Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up. A. could B. mi

13、ght C. should D. must 2. He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. A. could B. would C. must D. need.15 I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the meeting . A. mustnt have spoken B. mightnt have spoken C. couldnt have spoken D. shouldnt have spoke .16 - Hi, is that Peter Bro

14、wn? -Sorry. You _ the wrong number . A. must dial B. must have dialed C. should dial D. should have dialed He is not poor. You _ have lent him the money. A. cant B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt.17 There was plenty of time. You _ have hurried. A. wont B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldnt.18 I _ here in time, but I met an old friend of mine. I stopped and talked with him for some time. A. shouldnt have come B. must have come C. neednt have come D. could have come.19 They _ have finished the work yesterday, but it was raining hard. A. must B. could C. shouldnt