現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時講解和練習(xí)

1、Present perfect continuous tense現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 I have been colecting shells for five years.I started to collect shells five years ago.He began to collect coins two years ago.He has been collecting coins for two years. She started to collect stamps last year.She has been collecting stamps for a year.

2、 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時含義：1.動作自過去某時開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還將持續(xù)下去；2.動作從過去某時開始，一直延續(xù)到說話時刻，可能剛剛結(jié)束。 進(jìn)行時進(jìn)行時 I am reading the book. 完成時完成時 I have read the book. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 I have been reading the book.現(xiàn)在正在讀現(xiàn)在正在讀已經(jīng)讀過已經(jīng)讀過過去到截至過去到截至說話為止，說話為止，一直在讀一直在讀1. 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)(“三合一三合一”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu))：1)肯定句肯定句: have/has been+V-ing （從過去到現(xiàn)在）一直在做某事（從過去到現(xiàn)在）

3、一直在做某事我在這坐了一個下午了。我在這坐了一個下午了。 他弟弟十歲起就一直收集各種各樣的郵票。他弟弟十歲起就一直收集各種各樣的郵票。 I have been sitting here for the afternoon.His brother has been collecting stamps since he was 10.2)否定句否定句:have/has not been+V-ing 沒有一直在做某事沒有一直在做某事我一個星期沒有給花澆水了。我一個星期沒有給花澆水了。 這些年，他都沒有一直在這教書。這些年，他都沒有一直在這教書。I havent been watering the f

4、lowers for a week.He hasnt been teaching here these years.3)疑問句：疑問句： Have/Has+主語主語+been+V-ing ?你一直在寫一本小說嗎？你一直在寫一本小說嗎？他一直給你寫信嗎？他一直給你寫信嗎？Have you been writing a novel?Has he been writing letters to you?wehave classes for 7 daysWe have been having classes for 7 days.練習(xí)：看圖，根據(jù)提示詞，表達(dá)句子。練習(xí)：看圖，根據(jù)提示詞，表達(dá)句子。he

5、cry three hoursHe has been crying for three hours.The womantake a restall dayThe boy The boy hasnt been taking a resthasnt been taking a rest all day.all day.itrainthese few daysIt It has been raininghas been raining these few days. these few days. Im tired because Ive been running. 我很累因?yàn)槲乙恢迸艿浆F(xiàn)在。我很累

6、因?yàn)槲乙恢迸艿浆F(xiàn)在。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作一直進(jìn)行并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作一直進(jìn)行并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）對比：對比：Im tired because Ive run.我累了因?yàn)槲遗芰?。（?qiáng)調(diào)動作已完成）我累了因?yàn)槲遗芰?。（?qiáng)調(diào)動作已完成）2. 用法：用法： 1) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時可以表示現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時可以表示一個從過去某時一個從過去某時開始開始一直在進(jìn)行并持續(xù)一直在進(jìn)行并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。到現(xiàn)在的動作。這個這個動作動作剛剛結(jié)束，對現(xiàn)在有影響。剛剛結(jié)束，對現(xiàn)在有影響。 I have been reading for 2 hours. I am still reading now. I have been readin

7、g for 2 hours.pastpresentfuture2.）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時可以表示現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時可以表示一個從過去某一個從過去某時開始時開始一直持續(xù)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作到現(xiàn)在的動作。這個動作。這個動作現(xiàn)在仍在繼續(xù)中。現(xiàn)在仍在繼續(xù)中。4） 表示從過去到現(xiàn)在反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作表示從過去到現(xiàn)在反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作You have been saying that for five years. (這話你已經(jīng)說了有五年了。）這話你已經(jīng)說了有五年了。）3）和進(jìn)行時一樣，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時也往往帶有）和進(jìn)行時一樣，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時也往往帶有感情色彩（如贊揚(yáng)、厭惡等）。感情色彩（如贊揚(yáng)、厭惡等）。 What hav

8、e you been doing all the time? (這半天你在干什么？）這半天你在干什么？） 3. 時間狀語時間狀語 1）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時通常）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時通常 和和“for”或或“since”所引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。所引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。I have been waiting for a letter from my parents for two days. 雨已經(jīng)下了三個小時雨已經(jīng)下了三個小時We have been studying here since 2004. 我這兩天來一直在等我父母的回信我這兩天來一直在等我父母的回信It has been raining for t

9、hree hours. 我們自從我們自從2004年開始一直在這里讀書。年開始一直在這里讀書。 2）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時還可以于）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時還可以于these few days, this week, all the time， all night, all the morning, all ones life, during the night, recently等連用：等連用： Ive been writing letters all this morning. (我寫了一上午的信。）我寫了一上午的信。） I have been doing this all my life. (這個我做了一輩

10、子啦。）這個我做了一輩子啦。） Recently he has been doing his work quite regularly. (近來他都按時做作業(yè)。）近來他都按時做作業(yè)。）小試牛刀小試牛刀1. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing2. I have got a headache. No wo

11、nder. You_ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. workedDChas been preparinghave been working3. Hi, Tracy，you look pale. I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted4. Now that she is out of job,

12、Lucy _ going back to school，but she hasnt decided yet.A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to considerCBhave been paintinghas been considering1. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. A.is preparing B. was preparingC.

13、had been preparing D. has been preparing鏈接高考鏈接高考 5. Where have you been? We _ for you everywhere . A. look B. were looking C. have been looking D. had been looked鏈接高考鏈接高考1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時比較比較：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時動作動作目前正在發(fā)生目前正在發(fā)生動作在迄今為止的一段時動作在迄今為止的一段時間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)延續(xù)進(jìn)行和目前延續(xù)進(jìn)行和目前還在進(jìn)行還在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正

14、在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)動作強(qiáng)調(diào)動作持續(xù)進(jìn)行持續(xù)進(jìn)行從過去開始從過去開始2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和和現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時比較比較：現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時動作已動作已完成完成動作在迄今為止的一段時動作在迄今為止的一段時間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)延續(xù)進(jìn)行和目前延續(xù)進(jìn)行和目前還在進(jìn)行還在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的結(jié)果或影響結(jié)果或影響強(qiáng)調(diào)動作強(qiáng)調(diào)動作持續(xù)進(jìn)行持續(xù)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別1. 未完結(jié)性未完結(jié)性現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的最后的結(jié)果，表示動作強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的最后的結(jié)果，表示動作已已經(jīng)結(jié)束、完成經(jīng)結(jié)束、完

15、成；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時強(qiáng)調(diào)動作本身，表示動作強(qiáng)調(diào)動作本身，表示動作還沒有還沒有結(jié)束、完成結(jié)束、完成 (有延續(xù)性）有延續(xù)性）。 I have read this novel. (已讀完）已讀完） I have been reading this novel. (還在讀）還在讀） They have widened the road. (路加寬路加寬了了) They have been widening the road. (路路還在還在加寬加寬) 2. 剛完結(jié)性的結(jié)果剛完結(jié)性的結(jié)果 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和現(xiàn)在完成時皆可表示現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和現(xiàn)在完成時皆可表示動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果（影響），動作對

16、現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果（影響），但現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時所表示的結(jié)果但現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時所表示的結(jié)果 是剛剛完是剛剛完成的動作成的動作的結(jié)果的結(jié)果 consequence ；（是是臨時臨時的的/直接的直接的) 而現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的則是而現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的則是最后的結(jié)果最后的結(jié)果/長長久的影響久的影響(result)。 （動作可能剛結(jié)束，也可能（動作可能剛結(jié)束，也可能早已結(jié)束早已結(jié)束） We have been cleaning the classroom. （a） We have cleaned the classroom（b）（a）“我們打掃教室來著。我們打掃教室來著?！北硎窘淌覄倓偞驋哌^，其表示教室剛剛打掃過

17、，其目前直接的結(jié)果可能是：我們身上都是灰目前直接的結(jié)果可能是：我們身上都是灰; 或是我們很或是我們很累。累。（ b）“我們把教室打掃過了。我們把教室打掃過了?！?教室可能是昨天打掃教室可能是昨天打掃的，其結(jié)果是：現(xiàn)在教室很清潔，可以用了。的，其結(jié)果是：現(xiàn)在教室很清潔，可以用了。 Your eyes are red and puffy. Have you been crying? 你的眼睛又紅又腫，你是不是哭來著？你的眼睛又紅又腫，你是不是哭來著？ （“哭哭”的動作剛剛結(jié)束，它是眼睛又紅又腫的原因。）的動作剛剛結(jié)束，它是眼睛又紅又腫的原因。） Be careful! John has been

18、painting the door.（a）John has painted the door（b）（a）句表示約翰）句表示約翰剛剛剛剛把門油漆過，現(xiàn)在油漆還未把門油漆過，現(xiàn)在油漆還未干，干，所以你要小心所以你要小心。（b） 句油漆可能已干了。句油漆可能已干了。 門看來很新門看來很新. 3. 感情色彩感情色彩Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly.（a）Recently Mary has done her work regularly（b）（a）句顯然是在表揚(yáng)瑪麗。）句顯然是在表揚(yáng)瑪麗。（b）只說明一個事實(shí)。）只說明一個事實(shí)。 Whos b

19、een eating my apples?（a） Whos eaten my apples?（b）（a）句有強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩，）句有強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩，表示憤怒不滿表示憤怒不滿;兼有進(jìn)行時態(tài)，所以有兼有進(jìn)行時態(tài)，所以有“蘋果未被全部吃蘋果未被全部吃光光”的意思，的意思，（b）句只是）句只是希望回答的一個問題希望回答的一個問題。 完成時態(tài)，說明完成時態(tài)，說明“蘋果一個不剩了蘋果一個不剩了”。 4. 重復(fù)性重復(fù)性現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時往往表示動作在往往表示動作在重復(fù)重復(fù)?，F(xiàn)在完成時則常常不帶重復(fù)性。現(xiàn)在完成時則常常不帶重復(fù)性。 Have you been meeting her lately？ (

20、你近來你近來常常見到她嗎？見到她嗎？) Have you met her lately？ (你近來見到你近來見到過過她嗎？她嗎？)They have been discussing this matter .(他們一直在他們一直在反復(fù)反復(fù)討論這件事討論這件事)They have discussed this matter.(他們他們已經(jīng)已經(jīng)討論了這件事情了討論了這件事情了) 5.習(xí)慣性，口語化習(xí)慣性，口語化 現(xiàn)代英語中，特別是口語，有一種傾向，就是對于像sit, lie, wait, stay, look等這樣的動詞，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時比用現(xiàn)在完成時更合乎習(xí)慣。例如： I have been s

21、itting all afternoon. I have been waiting for you since morning. I have been staying in a hotel so far.比較：比較： I have been singing all afternoon. (口語傾向于用）口語傾向于用） I have sung all afternoon.(一般不這么說一般不這么說)6. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時一般不適用于一般不適用于狀態(tài)動詞狀態(tài)動詞（如（如know，以及，以及be ,have, find, understand, 等。等。 只能用現(xiàn)在完成時：只能用現(xiàn)在完

22、成時： 自從孩提我們就認(rèn)識了。 Weve known each other since childhood.7. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時一般不用被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)改用一般不用被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)改用現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：在完成時的被動語態(tài)： The road has been being repaired for months. 太笨重，應(yīng)改為： The road has been repaired for months.8. 非延續(xù)性動詞非延續(xù)性動詞(短暫性動詞短暫性動詞)，如，如 finish, join，die, become,marry,come,go,get up等，通常不能用于現(xiàn)等，通常

23、不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時在完成進(jìn)行時。 We have finished the homework.9.情感動詞：like love hate enjoy detest憎惡，嫌惡，痛恨 10.感覺動詞：see hear know feel sound 不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)A.The telephone _ (ring) for quite a while. Why _anyone_(answer) it?B.They _ (practise) the song of welcome to Beijing for some time now, but they still _ (not

24、 get) it righthas been ringing have not got has not answered have been practising 妙手填詞妙手填詞 1. Judy: How long _(be) in Canada?Claude: I _(study) here for more than three years.2. I_ (have) the same car for more than ten years. Im thinking about buying a new one.3. I _(love) chocolate since I was a ch

25、ild. You might even call me a chocoholic.have you beenhave been studyinghave hadhave loved4. John _(work) for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he _(enjoy) his work, but now he is talking about retiring.5. Lately, I _(think) about changing my career because I

26、 _(become) dissatisfied with the conditions at my company.6. I _(see) Judy for more than five years and during that time I_ (see) many changes in her personality. has been workinghas enjoyedhave been thinkinghave becomehave been seeinghave seen注意事項(xiàng)：有些動詞有些動詞(如：如：work, study, live, teach等等)用現(xiàn)在完用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時與現(xiàn)在完成時表達(dá)的意思差不多。試比成進(jìn)行時與現(xiàn)在完成時表達(dá)的意思差不多。試比較：較： The teacher has been teaching at this school for ten years. 十年來，那位老師一直在這所學(xué)校教書。十年來，那位老師一直在這所學(xué)校教書。 The teacher has taught at this school for ten years. 那位老師在這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)教了十年書了。那位老