高中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)ppt課件

1、1 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、什么是語(yǔ)態(tài)？一、什么是語(yǔ)態(tài)？ 語(yǔ)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來說明主語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來說明主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。二、語(yǔ)態(tài)的種類：二、語(yǔ)態(tài)的種類：（1）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) （2）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)三、什么是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？什么是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？三、什么是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？什么是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：(八種時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）八種時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞can/may/must+ be +過去分詞過去分詞2am/is/are +done (過去分詞過去分詞) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2)

2、 has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 3)am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 4)was/were done 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 5)had been done 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí) Visitors are asked not to touch the exhibits.(展品）展品）All the preparations for the task have been completedA new cinema is being built hereI was given ten minutes to decide.By the e

3、nd of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing. 36)was/were being done 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 7)shall/will be done 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) 8） should/would be done 過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式 1）帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)其形式為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞其形式為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過去分詞。過去分詞。 A meeting was being held when I was there. Hundreds of job

4、s will be lost if the factory closes.The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.42）一些表示）一些表示“據(jù)說據(jù)說”或或“相信相信”的動(dòng)詞如的動(dòng)詞如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型等可以用于句型“Itbe過去分詞過去分詞that從句從句”或或“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)be過去分詞過去分詞

5、to do sth.”。有：有： It is said that 據(jù)說據(jù)說,It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)報(bào)道，It is believed that大家相信大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，大家希望，It is well known that眾所周知，眾所周知，It is thought that大家認(rèn)為，大家認(rèn)為，It is suggested that據(jù)建議。據(jù)建議。It is said that the boy has passed the national examThe boy is said to have passed the nationa

6、l exam55、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題1.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)保留主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)原來把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)保留主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)原來的時(shí)態(tài)。如：的時(shí)態(tài)。如：She often cleans the house. The house is often cleaned by her.2.有些動(dòng)詞可以有雙賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，有些動(dòng)詞可以有雙賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，通常變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)的是間接賓語(yǔ)（通常變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)的是間接賓語(yǔ)（sb.）His mother gave him a present for his birthdayHe was given a present

7、 by his mother for his birthday. 63) 當(dāng)當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng)將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng).Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette(香煙）香煙）=The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役動(dòng)詞）在使役動(dòng)詞have, make, get以及以及感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加等變?yōu)?/p>

8、被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加toSomeone saw a stranger walk into the building=A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 75) 有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如如“動(dòng)詞介詞動(dòng)詞介詞”，“動(dòng)詞副詞動(dòng)詞副詞”等，等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday8一、系動(dòng)詞一、系動(dòng)詞 t

9、aste, smell, feel, sound, prove等可用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。如等可用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。如:1這些花聞起來很香。這些花聞起來很香。2那聽起來很有道理。那聽起來很有道理。3那食物嘗起來很可口。那食物嘗起來很可口。These flowers smell sweet.That sounds very reasonable. The food tastes delicious.9二、某些與二、某些與 cant wont 等連用的不及物動(dòng)等連用的不及物動(dòng)詞，如詞，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主動(dòng)等可用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。如：形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。如

10、：1盒子不能移動(dòng)。盒子不能移動(dòng)。2門不會(huì)關(guān)。門不會(huì)關(guān)。The box cant move.The door wont shut.10三、某些可用來表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能三、某些可用來表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能的不及物動(dòng)詞，如的不及物動(dòng)詞，如 sell, write, wash, clean,last(耐久耐久), wear(耐穿耐穿), 等可用主動(dòng)形式表等可用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義達(dá)被動(dòng)意義. 如如:This kind of food sells well. 這種食物暢銷。這種食物暢銷。This cloth washes well and lasts long. 這布料經(jīng)洗、耐穿。這布料經(jīng)洗、耐穿。

11、The floor doesnt clean easily. 這地板不容易弄干凈。這地板不容易弄干凈。11五、形容詞五、形容詞 worth 后面要用動(dòng)名詞的主后面要用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：1小說值得一讀。小說值得一讀。2事情值得做。事情值得做。The novel is worth reading.The thing is worth doing.12四、在動(dòng)詞四、在動(dòng)詞 require, need, want 等動(dòng)詞之等動(dòng)詞之后，可用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。后，可用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。1樹需要澆水。樹需要澆水。2孩子需要照顧。孩子需要照顧。3

12、電視機(jī)需要修理。電視機(jī)需要修理。The trees need watering. Children want looking after.The TV needs mending.13六、動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：六、動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：不定式作定語(yǔ)與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成不定式作定語(yǔ)與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，如：動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，如：我有許多事情要做。我有許多事情要做。他有幾項(xiàng)任務(wù)要完成。他有幾項(xiàng)任務(wù)要完成。I have a lot of things to do.He has several tasks to complete.142. 在在“系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+形容詞

13、形容詞+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見句型有：常見句型有：n. +be + too + adj. + to do The plane is too high to see.2) n. +be + adj. + enough + to do The book is cheap enough for me to buy.3) n. + be + adj. + to do The question is not easy to answer.15課堂練習(xí)課堂練習(xí)（一）改寫句子（一）改寫句子1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spr

14、ing every year.2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday.3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday present by Mr Turner.4. He is drawing a picture. _ by him.5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _ by you tomorrow.6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.Trees are plan

15、tedThe letter was postedI was givenA picture is being drawnYour homework may be handed inA letter is going to be written167. I have given you the new book. _ to you.8. Her bag cannot be found by her. _ her bag.9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _Russian songs by you?10. She doesnt let her

16、son swim in the river. _ in the river by her.11. The bridge was being built by them at this time last year. _ the bridge at this time last year.12. Does she often sing the song? _ by her?The new book has been givenShe cannot findIs she often heard to singHer son isnt let to swimThey were buildingIs

17、the song often sung17 1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have to B are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to 2. The fifth generation computers, _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being deve

18、loped D. will have been developed 3. - _ the sports meet might be put off - Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told ACA184. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 5. Rainforests _ and b

19、urned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 6. The new bridge _ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of w

20、ater, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken DCBC198. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 9. Th

21、at suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost 10. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.- Do you like the cloth? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. fel

22、t C. feels D. is felt BDAC2012. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed 14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be washed

23、out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out 15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go outBCAD2116. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to 17. - What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read 18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 19. This pa