新視野大學英語第三版讀寫教程第二冊Unit7課文及翻譯

1、word可編輯U7 AWhen honesty disappears當誠懇消逝時"Is anybody truly honest?" As numerous accounts of cheating, lying, and fraud crowd our newspaper pages and TV news, it seems that honesty is a rapidly vanishing value. And the reports indicate that, around the globe, corruption and dishonesty are so

2、 widespread that the health and well-being of society are at risk. These reports include stories such as the students who faced criminal charges for selling in advance copies of a university final exam, a student who was expelled when he turned in a term paper with the purchase receipt for it still

3、inside the pages, and a clerk who ran his own Christmas cards through the office postage meter and was found out when he sent one of the cards to the company treasurer! We have all read or heard accounts such as these, not to mention the stories of dishonesty amongst all layers of society as exempli

4、fied by consumers who steal and politicians who demand bribes. Travelers ripped off so many towels last year that it cost a major hotel chain $3 million to replace them. Especially troubling are the reports that dishonesty is increasing amongst student populations around the world.“有真正誠懇的人嗎？我們的報紙版面和

5、電視新聞充滿著不計其數(shù)的有關(guān)哄騙、說謊和詐騙的報道，誠懇好似已經(jīng)成為正在快速消逝的價值觀。而且這些報道說明，全球范圍內(nèi)腐敗和不誠懇現(xiàn)象集中范圍之廣已經(jīng)危及到了社會的安康。這些報道中包括諸如此類的故事：同學因考試前販賣高校期末考題而面臨犯罪指控；一名同學因提交買來的、還夾著收據(jù)的學期論文而被勒令退學；一名職員用公司的郵資機來郵寄自己的圣誕賀卡，他在寄了一張賀卡給公司的財務(wù)主管后被覺察！我們都讀過或聽過類似的事情，更別說社會各層面存在的種種不誠懇行為，如偷竊東西的顧和索取賄賂的政客。去年一年，一家大型連鎖酒店的大量毛巾被游客偷走，酒店因此花費了 300 萬美元來添置新毛巾。尤其令人擔憂的是，世界范

6、圍內(nèi)有關(guān)同學不誠懇行為的報道越來越多。But are these reports truly accurate or do they exaggerate the situation? Should we be alarmed by these accounts of falling standards of principles and morality? The assumption is that student dishonesty is more extensive now than it was 20, 50, 100 years ago. If so, what's be

7、hind it? If this is indeed the case, it's deeply troubling as today's students are tomorrow's leaders! It's possible that the desire to cheat is no greater than in the past. However, the critical importance of having a university degree may have increased the pressure to cheat in aca

8、demic environments.不過這些報道確實是真實的還是言過其實了呢？我們該不該因這些關(guān)于行為準那么和道德水準下降的報道而感到擔憂呢？人們認定現(xiàn)在同學中的不誠懇現(xiàn)象比 20 年、50 年或 100 年前更為廣泛。假設(shè)是這樣，其背后的緣由是什么呢？假設(shè)狀況確實屬實，那就令人格外擔憂了，因為今日的同學就是將來的領(lǐng)袖！或許現(xiàn)在同學騙人的欲望并不比從前大。然而，由于高校學位至關(guān)重要，這可能給同學帶來更大的壓力，使他們在學術(shù)上造假。Undoubtedly, modern technology facilitates the means and opportunities to cheat. T

9、he demanding task of writing term papers has always been a source of tense nerves and frustration, if not the ultimate homework nightmare. But now, with Internet access, illegal resources are just a few links away.毫無疑問，現(xiàn)代科技使人更簡潔獲得造假的方法和時機。寫學期論文這一困難的任務(wù)即便不是最可怕的作業(yè)，也始終是導致同學神經(jīng)緊急和懊喪的緣由之一。但是現(xiàn)在，網(wǎng)絡(luò)唾手可得，點擊幾下鼠

10、標就能找到非法的資源。Modern students who want to fake a term paper don't have to browse long. They only have to locate the appropriate website, purchase or order online papers, or even download them for free. One web service offers "highest quality papers at the lowest possible prices", only $5.

11、95 per page. Busy, cost-conscious students will find other "low-priced" term papers on websites that promise consumers "You will be happy and successful." Some people worry that the Internet, once hailed as the ultimate learning tool, could become the best aid yet for cheating.現(xiàn)在

12、的同學假設(shè)想要偽造學期論文的話不必在網(wǎng)上掃瞄太長時間。他們只需要找到適宜的網(wǎng)址，然后購置或訂購網(wǎng)上論文，或者甚至免費下載論文。一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)效勞站供給“質(zhì)量最高、價格最低的論文，每頁只需 5.95 美元。勞碌的、留意節(jié)省本錢的同學還會找到其他出售“低價論文的網(wǎng)站，這些網(wǎng)站向顧客許諾“你會既快活又成功。有些人擔憂，曾經(jīng)被奉為最棒的學習工具的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)會成為作弊者最得力的幫手。To cope with the growing plague of cheating, universities around the world now use anti-plagiarism software and have

13、very strict cheating and plagiarism policies. If students are caught plagiarizing or cheating in any way, they will be immediately expelled from school. Some college faculty decided to do more than talk about rising student cheating. Professors at a major university launched a campaign to try to eli

14、minate one form of cheating. As 409 students filed out of their Introduction to Psychology exam, they found all but one exit blocked. Test monitors asked each student to produce an ID card with an attached photo. If they provided a satisfactory ID, they were fine.為解決作弊泛濫的問題，世界各地的高?，F(xiàn)在都在使用反抄襲軟件，并且針對作弊

15、和抄襲行為有嚴峻的懲罰政策。假猶如學被抓到以任何方式抄襲或作弊，他們就會馬上被勒令退學。一些高校的老師不再只是談?wù)撊找嬖龆嗟耐瑢W作弊行為，他們打算實行行動。一所重點高校的教授發(fā)起一項運動，努力消退一種作弊行為。當 409 名同學排隊離開“心理學入門考試的考場時，他們覺察除了一個出口以外，其他全部的考場出口都被堵上了?？脊賯円笸瑢W出示帶有照片的身份證件。If they had left their ID at home, the officials confronted them and took their picture. The purpose of the campaign was t

16、o reveal hired cheaters, students who take tests for other students. The majority of students at the university applauded the new strategy.假設(shè)他們能夠供給令人滿足的身份證件，他們就可以離開。假設(shè)他們把證件落在家里了，考官們就會當面質(zhì)問他們，并拍下他們的照片。這項運動的目的就是要揭露那些雇來的作弊者，即替其他同學考試的同學。這所高校的大局部同學都對這個新舉措拍手稱快。With awareness of increasing dishonesty in tod

17、ay's society, it's sometimes implied that in "the good old days" people were better, happier, and more honest. Were they more honest? Maybe yes, maybe no. Long ago, all American schoolchildren knew the historical story of how Abraham Lincoln walked five miles to return a penny he h

18、ad overcharged a customer. It's the kind of story that we think of as myth. But in the case of Lincoln, the story is true.隨著人們意識到當今社會的不誠懇行為日益增多，有時這就示意著在“過去的好時間里，人們更好、更歡快、更誠懇。過去的人更誠懇嗎？或許是，或許不是。很久以前，全部的美國學童都知道亞伯拉罕林肯步行 5 英里去歸還他多收顧客的一便士的歷史故事。這是那種我們認為是杜撰出來的故事。但是，發(fā)生在林肯身上的這個故事確實是真實的。Like the Lincoln ta

19、le, every society has stories stressing the absolute value of honesty. It is these stories that students need to remember when temptation induces them to cheat. Whether discovered or not, dishonesty has an undesirable effect on anyone who practices it. Equally importantly, the ill effects are not co

20、nfined to the dishonest person alone. Without trust, ordered societies would descend into chaos. It's important that we do what we say we will do, pay when we say we will, and create words that are our own. Perhaps the most important lesson our schools can teach is that we must trust each other.

21、 When honesty disappears, the affirmative, durable bonds of trust are eliminated and we all lose. The future of our society depends on mutual trust.就像林肯的故事一樣，每個社會都有強調(diào)誠懇確實定價值的故事。這些故事正是同學在受到作弊的誘惑時需要記住的。不管是否會被覺察，不誠懇都會給任何一個作弊者帶來不利影響。同樣重要的是，作弊不僅僅只給作弊者帶來負面影響。沒有誠信，有序的社會就會陷入混亂。我們承諾要做的事就肯定要做，我們承諾要付出的就肯定要付出，自

22、己的東西肯定要自己寫，這些都是很重要的?；蛟S我們的學校要教給同學的最重要的一課就是大家要彼此信任。當誠懇消逝時，信任這一樂觀的、長久的紐帶就會消逝，我們都會迷失。我們社會的將來依靠于我們彼此間的相互信任。U7 BRays of hope in rising rudeness粗魯現(xiàn)象雖增，期望之光初顯Rudeness is a common element of modern life. "If you dont like it, lump it." Or "Mind your own business." Or “Get out of the way.&

23、quot; This kind of talk and attitude is cropping up more often in public experiences - on the highways, in theater lines, on public transport. Whether it is people smoking in public, or people cutting in line, the examples are almost endless.粗魯是現(xiàn)代生活中常見的現(xiàn)象?！澳悴粚檺?，也得忍著，或者“管好你自己的事，或者“閃開。這種粗魯?shù)恼Z言和態(tài)度在公共場合越

24、來越常見在大路上、在電影院排隊的隊伍中、在公共交通工具上。不管是有人在公共場所吸煙，還是有人插隊，這樣的例子幾乎數(shù)不勝數(shù)。It is generally thought around the world that the inhabitants of large cities are ruder than their fellow citizens from smaller towns or the countryside. Walk down streets of any major capital around the world and you will encounter taxi d

25、rivers who believe a "Walk" sign at a walkway is an automatic invitation to bump their cars against pedestrians knees. Recently, an angry pedestrian reacted by kicking a cab, prompting the driver to get out and give chase. And hardly a day goes by without a reluctant office worker riding an elevator with someone talking loudly on the cell phone, despite the obvious disturbance to fellow passengers. "If you dont like it, get out and switch to another elevator," one cell phone user recently told another passenger who objected to his loud voice. In New York and other