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1、精品文檔_商業(yè)銀行招聘考試-相同項(xiàng)單選集1、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreet
2、rade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebette
3、roffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhig
4、herprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantagei
5、nfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysom
6、eofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestofthe
7、worldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.theeco
8、nomists_.a.agreeontherestrictionofinternaltradeb.disagreewhethertorestrictfreetradeornotc.holddifferentargumentsbecauseoftheirdifferentinterestsd.agreeonfreetrade2、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconclud
9、edthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersb
10、enefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfacein
11、ternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicethe
12、worldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalfor
13、themtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanle
14、astaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorga
15、nized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.whatistheauthorsattitudetowardprotectionismdenotedfromthefifthparagrapha.ironicb.sincerec.gratefu.d.appreciative3、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotont
16、heissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe
17、.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfro
18、mtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear
19、,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudi
20、scouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardo
21、flivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenef
22、itsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.accordingtothefreetradeprinciple,theauthorsuggeststhat_.a.saudiarabiabuilditso
23、wnfoodindustryb.saudiarabiaimportfoodfromu.s.c.u.s.becomeself-sufficientwithitsoild.u.s.exploreitsoilshale4、disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltra
24、deisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexa
25、mple,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoi
26、mprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymore
27、efficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.similarly,wecouldbeco
28、meself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.butitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromsaudiarabia.tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenth
29、epoormorethantherich.despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theunitedstatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectionisttosomedegree.thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecialinterestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.tomakemattersworse,m
30、uchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.whyhasprotectionismalwaysbeenexercisedevenifitiswastefulandunjustbecause_.a.ithelpstoestablishnationalindustryofonesownb.itcanachieveanindependenteconomyc.itisfavoredbygeneralpublicd.itbenefitssomeprivilegedfew5、disagree
31、mentsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.arecentsurveyofprominenteconomistsbothconservativeandliberalconcludedthataneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.whytheconsensusinternationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makesposs
32、iblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit,otherwisetheywouldnttrade.thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.moreover,
33、itdoesntmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheunitedstatesorhongkong(oranywhereelse).thevastmajorityofamericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigherprices.americanspayanenormo
34、uspriceforprotectionismover$60billionayear,or$1000forafamilyoffour.thankstoprotectionism,forexample,americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationstocapitalizeontheirstrengths.theunitedstateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whilesaudiarabiahasanadvantageinoil.thesau
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