介詞的考點(diǎn)歸納與解題指導(dǎo)

1、介詞的考點(diǎn)歸納與解題指導(dǎo)一、考點(diǎn)歸納介詞在語法填空中每年必考。主要考點(diǎn)有：1 簡單介詞。女口： after, as, like, behind, for, from, of, in, on, at, to, with, by, about, above, across, against, below, beside, between, beyond, during, opposite, past, despite, near 等。2. 復(fù)合介詞。女口： throughout, outside, within, without, onto, into, upon 等。2. 短語搭配中的介詞。如

2、at a price, on one, s own, on sale, at table, be tired from doing, show respect for, reward sb. for sth, in a low voice 等。此外，常用介詞構(gòu)成的短語：二、解法指導(dǎo)介詞后一定要接賓語，作賓語的通常是名詞、代詞或動名詞。因此， 做純空格的語法填空時(shí)，若空格后是名詞、代詞或動名詞，且他們不是在 句屮作主語、表語，也不是作動詞的賓語時(shí)，這個(gè)格空就很可能是填介詞。 然后根據(jù)句子意思和具體語境來確定填哪一個(gè)介詞。例 1 （2013 年廣東）the only reason a man wo

3、uld sell salt a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. and anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.解析：因名詞短語 a lower price 和 the sweat and struggle 在句 中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語，應(yīng)是作介詞的賓語，

4、空格處應(yīng)填介詞； 笫一空，根據(jù)與price的搭配，填at, at a lower price表示"以更低 的價(jià)格”；第二空，由show respect for可知，填for。例 2 （2012 年廣東）the new boy looked at the teacher a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.解析：名詞短語a few seconds在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語, 應(yīng)是作介詞的賓語，應(yīng)填介詞；因表示某個(gè)動作持續(xù)的時(shí)間長度，用“for+ 時(shí)間段”,故填for。三、即

5、時(shí)練習(xí)單句填空在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。1. （2011 年廣東）i didn, t want to be laughed at for talking to him but i didn, t like leaving him his own either2. （2010 年廣東）his teacher took a deep drink and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. the young man went home a happy heart.3. （2009 年丿'東） jane stopped wh

6、ere a small crowd of men had gathered she found some good quality pipes sale4. （2009 年廣東）when jane got home, with her small but well-chosenpresent in her bag, her parents were already table havi ng supper5. （2008 年廣東）chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in chinese people" s

7、daily life these proverbs there are often interesting stories6. （2008 年廣東）he was very tired doing this for a whole day.7. （2007 年廣東）i realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me a guest in their house8. （2007 年廣東）when the time c

8、ame for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, i wanted to reward the old woman the trouble i had caused her.9. （2011 廣東全國）this shop will be closed for repairs further notice.10. （2011 廣東上海）graduation is a good time to thank those whohave helped you the tough years11. （ 2012 廣東 陜西）anagreeme

9、nt seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are it.12. （2012 廣東安徽）you can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be life.13. （2013 廣東匕京）i have an appointment dr. smith, but i need to change it.14. （2013 全國新課標(biāo) ida serious study of physics is imposs

10、ible some knowledge of mathematics.語篇填空在短文的空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。(-)conf licts 1 others are common in everyday life. these conf lie ts can turn out to be serious problems if we don' t deal with them properly. last week, su ilua and li jiang were playing basketball on the playground when they both jumped

11、up to catch the flying ball. unfortunately, they bumped 2 each other. su began to say mean words and li shouted back 3response a terrible quarrel occurred all 4 a sudden. how to avoid these quarrels effectively? first, we should often stand5 others' shoes when faced 6 conflicts. second, think tw

12、ice and you may find that things are not as bad as you thought first. whats more, competitive sports involve unavoidable bumps or even injuries, which should be taken 7 consideration when you participate in a game.(-)i parked my car when i got to a local supermarket, looked down 1 my long shopping l

13、ist and hoped that i could afford it al 1. as i approached the door, i saw a man 2 kind eyes and a gentle smile he said he was collecting 3a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry people 4 my area. he handed me a second shopping 1 ist 5 things they coulduse and asked me if i could help. i sm

14、ile back, took the list and walked 6 the store. i really wanted to help, but i wasn? t sure if t could this time. t walked 7 the store, picked up vegetables, soup, bread, milk, bananas and some other things when i looked down at my full cart, i wondered again if i had eno ugh to pay. as i put my own

15、 list back8 my pocket, i saw the food bank list 9 it. i smiled and decided to trust my heart. it takes so little to make our world a better place a few dollars can help a hungry child an encouraging word can in spire someo ne else to live and to love.答案與解析單句填空1. on因on one' s own (=alone)是固定搭配，所以

16、填on。2. with名詞a happy heart在句中不作主語，也不作動詞的賓語， 就應(yīng)是作介詞的賓語，空格處應(yīng)填介詞；由句意可知，是指這個(gè)年輕人“帶著”愉快的心情回家，表示“帶著”用witho3. on固定搭配on sale,表示“出售”。4. at名詞(table)在句中不作主語，也不作動詞的賓語，很可能就 是作介詞的賓語；由having supper可知，填at；因?yàn)閍t table表示“在 餐桌邊，在進(jìn)餐”，也是習(xí)慣搭配。5. in /behind指“在這些成語的背后”或“在這些成語里”常常會有一些有趣的故事，表示“在的背后”，用介詞behind,表示“在 里”，用in。6. fr

17、om因“他感到很累”應(yīng)是“在他做了一整天事之后”,表示“在之后”，用介詞after；另外be tired from doing表示“因做某事而累”，所以也可填fromo7. as意思是“把我當(dāng)作客人”來接待，表示“當(dāng)作，作為”，用介詞 aso8. for表示"因而酬謝/報(bào)答某人”是reward sb. for sth.。9. imt訂句意為：這家商店將停業(yè)裝修，營業(yè)時(shí)間另行通知；until 表示“直到為止”。10. through句意為：畢業(yè)時(shí)刻是感謝曾經(jīng)幫助你度過艱難時(shí)期的好 時(shí)間。help sb. through sth.表示“幫助某人度過某段時(shí)期”。11. against句意為

18、:這個(gè)合同看起來不可能被通過，因?yàn)槲瘑T會上 大多數(shù)人反對它。against表示“反對”。12. for句意為：你可以換工作，搬家，但是友誼應(yīng)該是終生的。for life表示“一輩子,終生”。13. with句意為：我跟史密斯傅士有個(gè)約會，但是現(xiàn)在我得更改一下。 have an appointment with sb.表示“跟某人有預(yù)約”。14. without句意為：如果沒有一些數(shù)學(xué)知識，對物理進(jìn)行嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)匮?究是不可能的。without表示“如果沒有”。語篇填空（一）口常生活中和別人發(fā)生沖突是很常見的事，我們必須學(xué)會明智地處理沖突。1. with表示跟別人發(fā)生沖突。2. into搭配：bump into撞到，碰上。3. in 搭配：in response 回應(yīng)。4. of 搭配：al 1 of a sudden 突然。5. in搭配：in others? shoes處在別人的位置上，站在別人的立 場上。6. with 搭配：be faced wi