英語B級考試語法

1、Vocabulary & Structure被動語態(tài) 語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語態(tài)共有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。 Many people speak English.(主動） English is spoken by many people.（被動） 許多人學(xué)英語。B級考試中?？迹罕粍诱Z態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時：be（am,is ,are)+過去分詞 一般過去時：be（was，were）)+過去分詞 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：Will +be+過去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時：has/have +been+過去

2、分詞情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：Can/should/must/could/may +be+過去分詞不定式的被動語態(tài)：To be + 過去分詞 History is made by the people. The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889. More subway lines will be built in the future. English has been studied for 3 years by us at school. Music can be easily downloaded from the internet.

3、There are twenty more trees to be planted. 牛刀小試1.She didnt received the application form; it _ to the wrong address.A. sent B. be sent C. was sent D. being sent2.As far as Im concerned, I dont like _ inthat way.A.to be treated B.to treat C. treated D.treating3.I feel its a great honor for me _ to th

4、is party.A. to invited B. invite C. having invited D. to be invited4.This article is well written because special attention_ to the choice of words and styles of writing.A. had been paid B. has been paid C. will be paid D. will have paid.1.The final decision (make)_ by the team leader early next wee

5、k.2.We can arrange for your car to (repair)_ within a reasonable period of time.3.All visitors to the lab (expect)_ to take off their shoes before they enter.4.We are pleased to learn that that problem (solve)_ at yesterdays meeting.5.The goods that you ordered ten years age will (deliver)_ to you t

6、omorrow.6.This picture (take)_ by young reporter in Beijing last month.7.Yesterday, the secretary( give)_ the task to make arrangements for the annual meeting. 8.The new machine ought to (test)_ before it is put to use.9.If you smoke in this non-smoking area, you will (fine)_ $50.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 subjective

7、 mood表示所說的話只是一種主觀的愿望、表示所說的話只是一種主觀的愿望、假想和建議等。假想和建議等。 We only wish we could help. 我們但愿能提供幫助。（表愿望） If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. 假若沒有引力，我們就不能行走。（表假想） He suggests that we should all go to see the film. 他建議我們都去看這個電影。（表建議)條件從句條件從句結(jié)果主句結(jié)果主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反反If (we,you,he,they)+If (we,

8、you,he,they)+動詞過去動詞過去式（式（be的過去式用的過去式用were）I I （we）shouldyou wouldyou would he wouldhe would + +動詞原形動詞原形 they wouldthey would與過去事實(shí)相與過去事實(shí)相反反If (we,you,he,they)+had+If (we,you,he,they)+had+過去分詞過去分詞I I （we）shouldyou would you would +have +have he wouldhe would + +過去分詞過去分詞 they wouldthey would與將來事實(shí)可與將來事實(shí)

9、可能相反能相反If (we,you,he,they)+If (we,you,he,they)+動詞過去動詞過去式（式（be的過去式用的過去式用were）I I （we）shouldyou wouldyou would + +動詞原形動詞原形he wouldhe would they wouldthey would 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 If I were you, I would refuse the money.假如我是你的話，我就不會要那錢。 與過去事實(shí)相反 We would have dropped by if we had had time.假若我們有時間的話，我們就會順道拜訪。 與將來事實(shí)

10、可能相反If you dropped the glass, it would break.假如你把玻璃杯掉在地上，它會打碎的。 虛擬語氣的其他用法 用在主語從句，其謂語用should+動詞原形（或should+have+過去分詞），常用在It is（was)important (suggested,requested.)that.句型中 It is important that we should speak politely. 我們說話要有禮貌，這是很重要的。 用在賓語從句，一種是用作動詞wish的賓語從句，另一種是謂語用should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形的that從句 “must hav

11、e done” 表示對過去已發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行肯定的推測 三、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣三、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣 英語中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(堅決要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建議) 表示請求、要求、命令或建議等意義的動詞所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should) + 原形動詞。如： The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here. 老師勸我們要好好地利用在這兒的每一分鐘。

12、 The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul. 黨要求我們要全心全意地為人民服務(wù)。1.I cant find the key to my office, I _ have lost it on my way home.A. would B. should C. must D. ought to2.If I _ that your business was growing so rapidly, I wouldnt have been worried about it.A. Know B.knew

13、 C.had known D.have known3.If I hadnt attended an important meeting yesterday, I _ to see you.A. will have come B.would have come C.have come D. had come4. If you had enough money， what _？ A. will you buy B. would you buy C. would you have bought D. will you have bought 5. I didnt see your sister at

14、 the meeting. If she _， she would have met my brother.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come 1.The doctor recommended that Mary (start)_ the health program as soon as possible2.If the engineer (come) _here yesterday, the problem would have been solved.3. We demand that the tour guide (tell)_ us

15、 immediately about any change in the schedule.非謂語動詞非謂語動詞非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式、動詞非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式、動詞ing形式和過去形式和過去分詞。分詞。1.To hear your voice is so nice.聽到你的聲音真高興。聽到你的聲音真高興。2.Reading books makes one wise.讀書使人明智。讀書使人明智。3.This is a book written by Balzac.這是巴爾扎克寫的一本書。這是巴爾扎克寫的一本書。 It is quite difficult for me (decide)_

16、 who should be given the job. 帶to的不定式作主語時。常用形式主語it代替，其作表語的形容詞有important, easy, difficult, hard, good ,bad, right 等。 Advances in medical technology have made it possible for people (live)_ longer. Its + adj for sb. to do sth.固定搭配固定搭配1. No reader is allowed (take) _any reference book out of the readin

17、g-room.2. I want (point out) _ that a decision about the matter must be made at once.3. If your credit is good, you will be allowed (use)_ the credit card.4.Advances in medical technology have made it possible for people (live)_ longer.分詞作狀語 Customers consider location as the first factor when _ a d

18、ecision about buying a house. A. make B. made C. to make D. making Make 和邏輯主語customers 之間是主動關(guān)系They talked to him for hours, (try)_ to persuade him to change his mind.現(xiàn)在分詞作目的狀語，邏輯主語必須與主句相同。1.We talked for more than three hours without _ a cup of tea.A. to have B. having C. have D. had2.Before _ for t

19、he job, you will be required to take a language test.A.apply B. applying C. applied D. to apply3.As the price of oil keeps _, people have to pay more for driving a car.A.to go up B. going up C. gone up D. go up4. Location is the first thing customers consider when_ to buy a house.A.planning B. plann

20、ed C. to plan D. having planned5.She told us briefly about how they succeeded in _ the new product.A. develop B. to developing C. developed D. developing 1. Thank you for your letter of April 15,(tell)_ us about Mr. John Browns visit to our company on May 10.2. We are looking forward to (work)_ with

21、 you in the future.3. That new film is worth (see)_ for the second time.4. Now many young people spend several hours a day (talk)_ on a mobile phone.5. It took me several weeks to get used to (drive)_ on the left side of the road in London.短語的理解1. The department manager_ a new plan to promote sales

22、at the meeting.A. took away B. put forward C. looked afterD. got on2. Peter will_ the job as Sale Manager when John retires.A. Put away B. take over C. work out D. make up3.There was a heavy fog this morning, so none of the planes could_.A. Get through B .take off C. pull out D. break away4. Please

23、_ your report carefully before you hand it in to me.A. turn to B. bring about C. go over D. put up 5._ your name and job title, the business card should also include your telephone number and address.A. As far as B. In addition to C. In spite of D. As a result of 6.If the machine should _, call this

24、 number immediately.A. break down B. set outC. put on D. go up7.If you want to join the club, youll have to _this form first.A. put up B. try out C. fill in D. set up 8. They had to give up he plan because they had _ money.A. come up to B. got along withC. run out of D. taken charge of 9. She told u

25、s briefly about how they succeeded in_ the new product.A. set up B. break up C. get up D. turn up10. The work seemed easy at first but it _ to be quite difficult.A. broke out B. turned out C. worked out D. set out11. I _ the former manager when I was on a flight to Beijing.A.ran into B. took away C.

26、 put on D. shut down12. Youd better_ advice before making a project plan.A.put down B. take in C. turn out D ask for13.While traveling in France, he _some everyday English.A.gave up B. picked up C. drew up D. got up14.Were going to _ the task that we havent finished.A.take away B. carry on C. get on

27、to D .keep off 15.Time _ very fast and a new year will begin soon.A. taken off B. goes by C. pulls up D. gets along連詞連詞 連詞是虛詞，起著連接詞與詞，短語與短語，句子與句子的作用，連詞包括并列連詞和從屬連詞。 并列連詞并列連詞 從屬連詞并列連詞并列連詞 表示并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 and , or , eitheror , neithernor , not onlybut (also) , bothand , as well as 等 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的

28、并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 but, yet 等 表示因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 for, so 等 從屬連詞從屬連詞 從屬連詞是引導(dǎo)從句的連詞。1.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞1).that 連接由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變而來的賓語從句2).who,whom,what,which,whose,when,where,why,how連接由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變而來的賓語從句。3).if/ whether 連接由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變而來的賓語從句。 2.引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞1).時間狀語從句：when ,before ,after, until , as soon as (主將從現(xiàn)) ,since.(主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時）

29、2).條件狀語從句：if , unless3).原因狀語從句：because4).方式狀語從句：than5).結(jié)果狀語從句：so that ,such that6).讓步狀語從句：though /although7).目的狀語從句：so that1._ she joined the company only a year ago, shes already been promoted twice.A. Although B. Because C. If D. When2. It has been quite a long time_ the two companies established

30、a business relationship.A. Although B. because C. if D. since3._ the rain stops before 12 oclock, we will have to cancel the game.A. As B. Since C. While D. Unless4.Lisa was busy taking notes_ Mark was searching the Internet for the information.A. until B. unless C. while D. if5._ his lecture is sho

31、rt, it gives us a clear picture of the new program.A. If B. Because C. Although D. When動詞（一） Mind mention thank travel start write Prepare send type visit show enjoy cost Contact smoke apply join cancel turn Expect allow promise become improve （二） arrive aware use accept attend kill succeed stop int

32、roduce discuss promote Point solve invite save provide （三） Remember forget require practice Fail explain create build spend share stay fill set communicate understand earn deal push pick enter decrease decide （四） recommend affect treat increase help pay book choose serve develop change finish delete

33、 apologize check raise carry beat 1.Please keep a detailed _ of the work that you have done.A. paper B. idea C. exercise D. record2.Soft drink sales in this city have _ by 8% compared with last year.A. picked B. moved C. increased D. pushed3.Jack called the airline to _ his flight to Beijing this mo

34、rning.A. improve B. believe C. confirm D. insure4.In his report of the accident he_ some important details.A. missed B. wasted C. escaped D. failed5. Dont _ me to help you if you are not working hard.A. guess B. speak C. plan D. expect6. Im sorry, but I have a question to _ you.A. treat B. influence

35、 C. ask D. change7. My impression of the service in the hotel was that it had really_.A. improved B. implied C. imported D. imagined8.How much does it_ to take the online training course?A. cost B. give C. pay D. spend9.We havent enough rooms for everyone, so some of you will have to _ a room.A. sha

36、re B. stay C. spare D. live 形容詞與副詞一、形容詞的比較級和最高級二、副詞的比較級和最高級三、形容詞修飾名詞四、副詞修飾動詞、形容詞1. Of all the hotels in the city, this one is the (good)_.2.This question is (difficult)_ than the one I have answered.3.The (last)_ model of the racing car will be on display at the exhibition this week.4.The film turned out to be (successful) _ than we had expected.5.It is a fact that tradit