多媒體講臺-文獻翻譯

1、重 慶 理 工 大 學(xué)文 獻 翻 譯二級學(xué)院 車輛工程學(xué)院 班 級 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號 01 譯 文 要 求1、譯文內(nèi)容必須與課題（或?qū)I(yè)）內(nèi)容相關(guān)，并需注明詳細出處。2、外文翻譯譯文不少于2000字；外文參考資料閱讀量至少3篇（相當于1萬外文字符以上）。3、譯文原文（或復(fù)印件）應(yīng)附在譯文后備查。 譯 文 評 閱導(dǎo)師評語（應(yīng)根據(jù)學(xué)?！白g文要求”，對學(xué)生外文翻譯的準確性、翻譯數(shù)量以及譯文的文字表述情況等作具體的評價） 指導(dǎo)教師： 年 月 日基于消費者的需求和使用過程的綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計摘要客戶需求分析和產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)是設(shè)計的重要組成部分，決定了產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的成敗，因此，開展綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和客戶需求分析的過程是很重

2、要的。本文討論了客戶需求的特點，傳統(tǒng)方法也可以確定客戶需求和分析客戶的需求。綠色環(huán)保產(chǎn)品是結(jié)合產(chǎn)品生命周期的設(shè)計，建造一個共同的客戶需求的綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計模塊，而傳統(tǒng)方法確定的產(chǎn)品中存在的環(huán)境缺陷進行了改進。最后到綠色洗滌產(chǎn)品設(shè)計例如，適應(yīng)性和驗證方法的有效性?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】綠色產(chǎn)品，綠色設(shè)計，客戶需求，需求的重要性，產(chǎn)品的生命周期1、引言 客戶的需求就是客戶的聲音，是期望需求的總和，包括產(chǎn)品的功能，性能和產(chǎn)品，以滿足客戶的許多其他產(chǎn)品屬性的產(chǎn)品，有競爭力的基礎(chǔ)上的需求，填補了客戶的需求空缺，提高滿足客戶需求或創(chuàng)造客戶需求的新的水平，是提高產(chǎn)品的市場競爭力的重要組成部分。整理客戶對綠色產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計需求分

3、析在近幾年的重要作用的綠色浪潮的興起，企業(yè)的綠色壁壘出現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)品需求對環(huán)境的影響持續(xù)的企業(yè)競爭力具有非常重要的影響，產(chǎn)品需求和有效整合綠色設(shè)計是公司面臨的每一個重要的問題因此，對綠色設(shè)計分析的需求具有重要意義的客戶的需求集合中單掛波模糊集理論，基于客戶需求的描述方法，客戶端需要的語言來描述，通過 XML，使用半形式化描述語言表達要確?？蛻粢筠D(zhuǎn)化為設(shè)計要求的準確性的信息，減少信息失真的轉(zhuǎn)換過程中的信息。 Shieh和Yan等人提出的需求方面和圖形信息的指令加入使客戶需求的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計更容易獲得?模板的基本思想的圖形分類。 在完成對客戶需求的分析，李嫣為質(zhì)量功能展開（QFD）在一系列客戶需求基礎(chǔ)的重要

4、性問題的粗略秩序的其他研究。對于質(zhì)量功能展開（QFD）的客戶調(diào)查中存在的一些問題（模糊的需求，不完整和不確定的），多屬性決策的不完備信息系統(tǒng)的使用粗糙集，產(chǎn)品設(shè)計以確定客戶需 求基礎(chǔ)中的重要程度卡諾模型分析，以確定客戶重要校正因子的程度，則客戶重要結(jié)合的校正因子為度為最終客戶需求的重要程度。雷聲等基于質(zhì)量功能展開（QFD）模型客戶自動轉(zhuǎn)換到對應(yīng)不同程度的創(chuàng)新，設(shè)計創(chuàng)新搜索模式和進化搜索模式，引入Apriori算法和灰色關(guān)聯(lián)的產(chǎn)品需要，在不同的模式開始在知識庫中搜索時，會自動映射客戶需求，產(chǎn)品功能的技術(shù)特點。 在本文中，綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的理念和方法來獲得產(chǎn)品的需求需要整理的方法和研究，客戶對綠色產(chǎn)品

5、需求的特點，全面了解的基礎(chǔ)上的進程，確定綠色設(shè)計的需求產(chǎn)品以 獲取信息技術(shù)，建立一個共同的客戶需求的綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計模塊的主要途徑，對于傳統(tǒng)方法的需求，解決了缺乏系統(tǒng)性和規(guī)范性問題，原來的客戶需求和產(chǎn)品環(huán)境中分解過程中的細節(jié)處理以提取的基本需要的想法，呈現(xiàn)給客戶，以提取隱藏的方法的環(huán)境需求需求的常規(guī)深層次的處理，客戶為傳統(tǒng)的方法，用于確定缺陷的存在需求的重要程度，介紹了模糊層次分析法確定產(chǎn)品密鑰環(huán)境需要方法的程度，以提高客戶的精度需求顯著程度，通過建立模糊一致矩陣，獲得產(chǎn)品需求層次的綠色產(chǎn)品概念設(shè)計，需求后期變化產(chǎn)品功能提供了充足的準備。2、為客戶的綠色設(shè)計與分析過程2.1客戶需求獲取方法 獲取客

6、戶的需求，信息收集的傳統(tǒng)方法通常是用戶需求調(diào)查，客戶反饋和訂單分析，缺乏對客戶需求的模板支撐，收集客戶需求信息往往缺乏系統(tǒng)化，規(guī)范化，這是由于以下兩種原因：很多客戶的隨機性和隨意性的表達，因為參與產(chǎn)品需求的因素太多，辦案人員很難考慮到所有的因素，所以產(chǎn)品的綠色設(shè)計建設(shè)客戶需求的模塊是十分必要的，對綠色產(chǎn)品的需求可以建立一個模板系統(tǒng)，對客戶需求的標準集合?？蛻魧G色產(chǎn)品的需求,從產(chǎn)品生命周期理論構(gòu)建模塊包含產(chǎn)品生命周期的產(chǎn)品從概念設(shè)計到制造,使用,甚至垃圾回收后,重用和處理和處置的整個過程的生命周期。在本文中，考慮了客戶的需求三個子階段的產(chǎn)品生命周期，包括產(chǎn)品的購買階段，產(chǎn)品的使用和生命階段的產(chǎn)

7、品結(jié)束，從三個角度系統(tǒng)地考慮到潛在客戶的顯性和隱性的需求，并以此為根據(jù)客戶的需求為綠色建筑設(shè)計模板，綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和客戶模板的普遍需求，在面對具體的產(chǎn)品綠色設(shè)計，該模塊可以進行調(diào)整，以滿足特定客戶的需求。2.2提取客戶的環(huán)境需求 對于綠色設(shè)計環(huán)境需求需求分析信息是最重要的信息，而是由一般的用戶需要訪問信息通常由更上位的獲得，環(huán)境方面的需要放置含糊，暗示它的存在，例如，一個部 分，用于家洗衣機，客戶提出了“操作簡單，體積小，重量輕，安全殺菌，外觀漂亮，噪音低，運轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，低功耗和水的消耗”等方面的需求，在客戶的分析環(huán)境的 需要，除了要考慮顯性環(huán)境的需求，需要從提取隱藏環(huán)境需要注意一些熟客。以下描述了

8、生產(chǎn)環(huán)境需要提取過程模型，如圖1所示，通過三個步驟的過程模型，以獲得更詳細的，提高了產(chǎn)品的環(huán)境需要，隨后三個步驟：要求捕獲和分解，對環(huán)境需要提取和深加工的環(huán)保要求。在圖1中所示的處理。2.3綠色產(chǎn)品來確定客戶需求的重要性 綠色產(chǎn)品對客戶的需求是很重要的，確定綠色設(shè)計程度和客戶需要進入前的準備綠色產(chǎn)品的客戶需求的重要程度以及產(chǎn)品特性它們反映了客戶的環(huán)境的需要，根據(jù)不同的程度上決定綠色產(chǎn)品和決策，客戶對綠色產(chǎn)品的重要決定相應(yīng)的綠色產(chǎn)品綠色設(shè)計和技術(shù)規(guī)劃的程度有著重要的意義需求的優(yōu)化設(shè)計。為了便于這種分析，唯一顯著程度的產(chǎn)品環(huán)境要求判定分析。 重要的是確定客戶需求的程度，有三個比較傳統(tǒng)的方法：德爾菲

9、法，多目標的評價方法，以及客戶調(diào)查方法。以下是三個重要程度的傳統(tǒng)方法。因為有低于傳統(tǒng)方法，以提高效率，并確定精確度的一個重要要求，一些學(xué)者對其他重要方法要求確定的深入研究和探索的程度。 AHP（層次分析法），簡稱AHP，在20世紀從70年代中期，Thomas 運籌學(xué)嗎？美國奧塞梯 (TLSaaty) 正式提出，這是組合的定性和定量的系統(tǒng)化、 層次化的方法分析，由于其復(fù)雜的決策，在處理實際問題和效力，以及很快就全世界的關(guān)注。層次分析法的基本思路和人，復(fù)雜的決策問題判斷過程很大程度上是思維的相同的。相比其他的方法、 層次分析法的優(yōu)點如下：強大的數(shù)理邏輯，降低了結(jié)果的主觀性和不確定性，反映元件的相對

10、重要性，更適合的客戶需求在QFD重要度確定克服困難，為決策者決策分析這一現(xiàn)象相互溝通，以克服決策者的個人喜好，以提高決策效率。 傳統(tǒng)的AHP比較矩陣，以確定通過建立的客戶要求的重要度，因此，確定矩陣是否?對客戶要求的程度很重要的評估科學(xué)，合理的直接影響，但在實際應(yīng)用中，它被建立，以確定成對比較矩陣往往不能滿足的遵守要件。這是因為，思維的n個兩兩比較對象的人來說是難以達到的一致性，并利用19級方法也非常難以判斷的例如如果矩陣滿足遵守要件的一致性。3、應(yīng)用 正如四個家用電器的洗衣機,國內(nèi)外普及率很高。中國的家用電動洗衣機行業(yè)只從1978年開始到1983年，年產(chǎn)量達到365萬臺，提前兩年完成和超過3

11、.5萬臺指定的目標，到1984年，累計產(chǎn)量達到 1352萬臺，家用洗衣機的95.7的年銷售增長率，成為一種流行的商品在市場上。本文將詳細分析洗衣機綠色設(shè)計和客戶的需求和處理過程，通過客戶對洗衣機的需求環(huán)境的轉(zhuǎn)換需求,并通過模糊一致矩陣的解決方案在洗衣機生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中一個重要的訂單處理要求的設(shè)計工作作為參考。3.1洗滌和精加工產(chǎn)品要求 產(chǎn)品設(shè)計人員的綠色設(shè)計模塊的客戶需求打造的第一臺洗衣機，每個模塊參照的客戶調(diào)查的方式來獲得家用洗衣機客戶的特殊需求客戶需求細分很簡單，方便衣物的地方，無毒，安全，重量輕，搬運方便，智能控制，價格適中，壽命長，可靠，充分干燥，洗滌充分，安全殺菌，防皺熨燙。3.2提取洗衣

12、機生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的需要 其中對產(chǎn)品的環(huán)境因素的隱性需求的一些固定的客戶，需要為環(huán)境因素，以及不同的監(jiān)管要求和產(chǎn)品具有不同程度的接觸環(huán)境表現(xiàn)這些建議的監(jiān)管要求，需要進一步的分析和判斷。洗滌后客戶需要的產(chǎn)品類別,，可以表述如下： 該單位的一般要求：取放衣物操作簡單，安全，無毒，易于操作，重量輕，安全殺菌，價格實惠，智能控制，運行可靠，使用壽命長，滿洗滌，干燥充分，防皺熨燙。該單位的環(huán)境要求：高效節(jié)能，材料消耗少，水耗低，噪音低，易回收，符合相關(guān)的環(huán)保法規(guī)。為了方便的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和理解客戶需要成員和準確的應(yīng)用，建立家用洗衣機，以提取環(huán)境需求的結(jié)構(gòu)。3.3確定需求的重要性 對綠色產(chǎn)品客戶的需求是很重要的，確定的

13、綠色設(shè)計程度，客戶的需求為綠色產(chǎn)品的客戶需求的重要程度是體現(xiàn)在客戶對產(chǎn)品的環(huán)保需求，強調(diào)編制產(chǎn)品特性，決定了綠色產(chǎn)品的優(yōu)化設(shè)計和決策，客戶對綠色產(chǎn)品的重要決定相應(yīng)的綠色產(chǎn)品綠色設(shè)計和技術(shù)規(guī)劃的需求程度有著重要的意義。4、結(jié)論 本文簡要概述了客戶的需求，專注于綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計、 客戶要求和收集方法的分析整理過程中，需要分析的概念基礎(chǔ)打造一種普通的客戶需求的綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計模塊，對傳統(tǒng)方法的客戶成功的解決方案收集資料的要求，并不是全面的、 非標準的問題 ；提取隱藏環(huán)境需求的方法，并通過建立模糊一致矩陣法來確定客戶的需求，從而增加客戶的需求為重要程度的準確性為綠色產(chǎn)品概念設(shè)計到產(chǎn)品特點。后半部分提出了重要程

14、度的順序提高傳統(tǒng)方法的不足?？蛻粜枨蟮幕A(chǔ)，綠色產(chǎn)品的概念，大大提高了設(shè)計成功的可能性，最后在本文中，概念設(shè)計，例如洗滌產(chǎn)品驗證了方法的可行性。出處：Green Design for Product Analysis of customer needs and processingAbstract customer needs analysis and processing is an important part of product development and design, one determines the success or failure of product develo

15、pment, therefore, carried out in the green product design and customer needs analysis process is crucial. This paper discusses the design of green products the characteristics of customer demand, the customer needs to determine access to and analysis of sorting methods in the traditional way to anal

16、yze customer needs, based on access, combined with the product life cycle, build a common customer demand green product design modules while the traditional methods important in determining the degree of demand for products environmental deficiencies that exist has been improved and finally to green

17、 washing product design, for example, adaptability and effectiveness of the verification method. Keywords green products, green design, customer demand, demand importance, product life cycle1 IntroductionCustomer demand is the voice of the customer, is the product of the sum of the expectations need

18、s, including product features, performance, and many other product attributes of the product to meet customer needs with competitive basis, to fill vacancies in customer needs, improve meet customer needs or create new levels of customer demand, is to improve the market competitiveness of products a

19、n important part. finishing the analysis of customer demand for green product design plays a vital role in recent years the rise of the green wave, corporate green barriers appear in the environmental impact of product demand continued competitiveness of the enterprise has a very important influence

20、, product demand and effective integration of green design is every important issue facing the company, therefore, demand for green design analysis has great significance in the collection of customer demand, single-hung waves of fuzzy set theory based on customer needs described method, the client

21、needs language to describe, through the use of XML, semi-formal description language be expressed in order to ensure the customer requirements into design requirements to the accuracy of information, reduce information distortion of information during the conversion process. Shieh and Yan et al prop

22、osed a graphical classification of the basic idea of ?template added in demand terms and graphical information instructions to make product design easier access to customers' needs.Finishing in the customer needs analysis, Li Yan to other studies of quality function deployment (QFD) in the set o

23、f customer needs based on rough order of importance the issue. For Quality Function Deployment (QFD) customer survey in a number of problems (fuzzy demand, incomplete and uncertain), the use of rough set in incomplete information system of multi-attribute decision making, product design to determine

24、 the important degree of customer needs based on Kano model analysis to determine the degree of customer important correction factor, then the customer important combined with the correction factor for degrees to be an important degree of the final customer demand. thunder and so on based on Quality

25、 Function Deployment (QFD) model of automatic conversion of customer needs through product corresponding to a different degree of innovation, design innovative search patterns and evolutionary search mode, the introduction of Apriori algorithm and gray correlation, in different modes to start the se

26、arch in the Knowledge Base, will automatically map the customer needs to product features technical characteristics.In this paper, the concept of green product design and the demand for ways to get the product needs to collate methods and processes of research, customer demand for green products on

27、the basis of a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics, determine the demand for green design products to get access to information technology and the main way to build a common customer demand green product design module, the demand for traditional methods to solve the lack of systematic

28、 and normative issues, details of the decomposition of the original customer needs and product environment during processing to extract the basic needs ideas, presented to the conventional deep-level processing of customer demand for environmental needs of the method to extract hidden, an important

29、degree of customer demand for the traditional method for determining the existence of shortcomings, the paper introduces the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to determine the degree of product key environmental needs methods to improve the accuracy of customer needs significant degree, through the e

30、stablishment of fuzzy consistent matrix, obtained a green product conceptual design of the hierarchy of product requirements, demand for the late change to the product features provide adequate preparation.2 green design and analysis process for customers2.1 Customer requirements capture methodAcces

31、s to customer demand, the traditional methods of information collection is usually the user needs survey, customer feedback and order analysis, the absence of customer demand template support, collection of customer demand information is often a lack of systematic and standardized, which is composed

32、 of the following two two causes: there are many customers in the expression of the randomness and arbitrariness, because too many factors involved in product demand, the investigators is difficult to consider all factors, so when the product green design green design to build a customer demand modu

33、le is very necessary, demand for green products can build a template system, the standard collection of customer needs.Customer demand for green products to build the module from the product life cycle theory of the products containing the product life cycle from concept design to manufacturing, use

34、 and even waste after recycling, reuse and treatment and disposal of the life cycle of the whole process. In this paper, consider the product life cycle of the three sub-stages of the customer needs, including product purchase stage, product use and product end of life stage, from three angles syste

35、matically consider the potential customer's explicit and implicit demand, and as a basis customer demand for green building design templates, such as shown in Table 1.Table 1 is a general demand for green product design and customer template, when faced with a product specific green design, this

36、 module can be adjusted to meet specific customer requirements.2.2 Extraction of customer environmental needsDemand for green design environment needs analysis information is the most important information, but by the general user needs access to information is often obtained by the more general, an

37、d environmental needs places vague, implied the existence of which, for example, a section for home washing machines, the customer made a 'simple operation, small size, light weight, safe sterilization, beautiful appearance, low noise and stable operation, low power consumption and water consump

38、tion' and other needs, environmental needs in the analysis of the customer, in addition to considering the dominant environmental needs, the need to pay attention to some regular customers from the extract hidden environmental needs. The following describes the production environment needs to ex

39、tract the process model, shown in Figure 1, the process model through the three steps to obtain more detailed and improve the environmental needs of the product, followed by three steps: requirements capture and decomposition, the environment needs to extract and environmental requirements of deep p

40、rocessing. the process shown in Figure 1.2.3 Importance of green products to determine customer needsCustomer demand for green products is important to determine the degree of green design, customer needs into product characteristics prior to the preparation of green products important degree of cus

41、tomer needs, by definition, it reflects the needs of the customer's environment requirements.Depending on the extent, determine the optimal design of green products and decision-making, customer demand for green products important to determine the degree of the corresponding green products green

42、 design and technology planning has an important significance. In order to facilitate this analysis, the only significant degree of product environmental requirements determination analysis.Important to determine the degree of customer needs, there are three more traditional methods: the Delphi meth

43、od, multi-objective evaluation methods, and customer survey method. The following are the three important degree the traditional method for determining customer needs and limitations of a brief introduction, as shown in Table 2 show.Because there are less than traditional methods, an important requi

44、rement in order to improve efficiency and to determine the degree of precision, some scholars demand for other important method for determining the degree of in-depth study and exploration. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) referred to as the AHP, in the 20th century. operations research from the mid

45、-1970s, Thomas U.S. Ossetia (TLSaaty) formally proposed, it is a combination of qualitative and quantitative, systematic, hierarchical method of analysis, because of its complex decision-making in dealing with practical issues and effectiveness, and soon worldwide attention. AHP basic ideas and peop

46、le in a complex decision problem of thinking, judging process is largely the same. Compared to other methods, the advantages of AHP as follows: strong mathematical logic, reducing the subjectivity and uncertainty of the results, reflects the relative importance of elements, more suitable for custome

47、r needs in QFD important degree determined overcome difficult for policy makers and decision-making analysis of the phenomenon of mutual communication, to overcome the personal preferences of decision makers to improve decision-making effectiveness.The traditional AHP comparison matrix to determine

48、through the establishment of an important degree of customer requirements, therefore, to determine whether a matrix is ?scientific, reasonable direct impact on the assessment of the degree of customer requirements important, but in practical application, it is established to determine the pairwise c

49、omparison matrix often can not meet the compliance requirements. This is because the people of n pairwise comparison object of thinking is difficult to achieve consistency, and the use of 1 to 9 scale method is also very difficult to judge the consistency of for example If the matrix to meet complia

50、nce requirements, you should have:Links to free download 3 ApplicationsAs one of the four home appliances washing machine, a very high penetration at home and abroad. China's household electric washing machine industry is only starting from 1978 to 1983, annual production reached 3.65 million un

51、its, ahead of two years to complete and more than 3.5 million units of the specified target, to 1984, cumulative production reached 13.52 million units, household washing machines The 95.7% annual sales growth rate, become a popular commodity on the market one of this paper will detail the design of

52、 green washing machine access to and analysis of customer needs and treatment process, through the conversion of customer demand for washing machines environmental needs, and by fuzzy consistent matrix solution on the washing machine production environment an important degree of order processing req

53、uirements for the design of the late work as a reference.3.1 Requirements for washing and finishing productsProduct designers to build the first washing machine by customer demands of green design modules, each module with reference to customer demand subdivision of the way of customer surveys to ob

54、tain customer specific needs of household washing machines were simple, easy to take the place of clothing, non-toxic , safety, light weight, easy handling, intelligent control, affordable, long life, reliable, fully dried, wash full, safe sterilization, wrinkle-free ironing.3.2 Extraction of washin

55、g machine production environment needsSome regular customers among the hidden demand for products environmental factors, the need for these proposed regulatory requirements for environmental factors, and different regulatory requirements and environmental performance of products with varying degrees

56、 of contact, requires further analysis and judgments.After washing the product category the customer needs, can be expressed as follows:General requirements for the unit: pick and place clothes, simple operation, safe, non-toxic, easy handling, light weight, safe sterilization, affordable, intelligent control, reliable operation, long life, full washing, drying fully, wrinkle-free ironing hot.Environmental requirements for the unit: energy-efficient, less material consumption, water consumption is low, low noise, easy recovery, in line with relevant environmental regulatio