最常用醫(yī)學英語前后綴

1、100個最最常用醫(yī)學前后綴table 1 examples of organs and systems （部分器官與系統(tǒng)術語）中文普通前/后綴形容詞示例心heartcardiocardiac cardialcardiology心臟病學 endocarditis心內膜炎 myocarditis 心肌炎腦braincerebro encephalo craniocerebral cranialcerebrum 大腦 cerebellum 小腦 encephalopathy 腦病 intracranial 顱內的肺lungpulmopulmonarypulmonology月市病學 pulm on e

2、ctomy月市切除 pulmonitis 肺炎肝liverhepatohepatichepatitis 肝炎 hepatobiliary 肝膽的 hepatoenterostomy 肝腸吻合腎kidneynephr o reno-renalnephritis 腎炎 nephropathy 腎病 nephrectomy 腎切除 renopathy;renin胃stomachgastrogastricgastritis 胃炎 qastroenteritis 胃腸炎 gastrectomy 胃切除腸intestine gut bowelentero;intestino-intestinalenter

3、itis 腸炎 grastroenteritis 胃腸炎 enterostomy 腸造口術食道/管esophagusesophagoesophagealesophagitis 食道炎 esophagoscopy 食道鏡 esophagoplasty食道成形術膽（汁）gallbladder bilecholebiliarycholecystitis 膽囊炎 cholecystectomy 膽囊切除 cholelithiasis 膽結石 cholesterol脾splee nspleno; spleeno-splenicsplenectomy 脾切除 spenomegaly 脾大 cardiome

4、galy somatomegaly胰pan creaspan creatopancreaticpancreatitis 胰腺炎 pancreatectomy 胰腺切除 pancreatopathy 胰腺病膀胱bladder cystcystocysticcystitis膀胱炎 cytectomy膀胱切除 cystotomy 切開 cystostomy 造口，吻合cystography膀胱造影（泌）尿urineuro urethrourinaryurology泌尿病學 transurethral 經(jīng)尿道的 urosurgery泌尿外科直腸anusrectorectalrectoscopy直腸鏡檢

5、查 rectoplasty直腸成形術 rectocolitis直腸結腸炎結腸coloncolocolonalcolitis結腸炎 colorectoscopy直腸結腸鏡檢查 colostomy 結腸造口肌musclemyomuscularmyocarditis 心肌炎 myoma肌瘤 myotonia肌強直關節(jié)jointarthroarticulararthritis關節(jié)炎 osteoarthritis 骨關節(jié)炎 arthropathy 關節(jié)病骨bonebonyosteoosteoplasty 骨整形 osteogenesis 骨生長 osteopathy 骨病髓marrowmyemyelom

6、a骨髓瘤 myelitis骨髓炎 myelopathy 骨髄病血bloodhematohematology 血液學 hematoma 血腫 hemastasis 止血血管vesselvaso angiovascularcardiovascular accident (cva) 心 血管意外cerebrovascular 腦血管的 vasopressin血管力壓素 angiography血管造影動脈arteryarterioarterialarteriosclerosis 動脈硬化靜脈veinvenovenousintravenous靜脈內的神經(jīng)n erven euronervousneuros

7、urgery神經(jīng)外科 neuron神經(jīng)元neuroma神經(jīng)瘤細胞cellcytocellularleukocyte白細胞 cytology細胞學 cytoma細胞瘤眼eyeophthalmo oculoocular visualophthalmology 眼科學 ophthalmitis 眼炎 ophthalmalgia 眼痛耳earaudioauditory audibleaudiometer 聽力計 audiovisual 視聽的 audiosurgery 耳夕卜科鼻noserhinonasonasalrhinorrhea 鼻溢 rhinopharyngeal 鼻咽的 nasogastri

8、c 鼻胃的口mouthorooralorolingual 口舌的舌ton guelinguolingualsublingual 舌下的 lingustics 語言學 linguoplacement 舌向移位咽喉throatlaryngo phar yngolaryngeal phar yn geallaryngectomy 喉切除 laryngitis 喉炎 pharyngitis 咽炎氣管airway air pipe air passagetracheotrachealtracheostomy氣管插管 tracheoscope 氣管鏡 tracheoesophageal 氣管食道的tabl

9、e 2 examples of diseased states （部分病態(tài)術語）含義前/后綴示例病patho-pathypathogen 病原，pathology 病理學，nephropathy 腎病，encephalopathy 腦病病態(tài)-osisneurosis 神經(jīng)病，tuberculosis 肺結核增多-osisleukocytosis白細胞增多癥減少-peniapancytosis全血細胞減少炎癥-it isarthritis 關節(jié)炎，hepatitis 肝炎腫塊-omalymphoma 淋巴瘤，hematoma 血腫，carcinoma 癌疼痛-algia -algesiaanal

10、gesia 止痛血癥-emialeukemia 白血病,septicemia 敗血癥,bacteremia 菌血癥anemia麻痹-plegiahemiplegia 偏癱，myoplegia 肌肉麻痹壞死n ecroecrosishepatonecrosis 肝壞死，necrospermia 精子壞死不良maimalnutrition 營養(yǎng)不良,malfunction 功能障礙， malpractice醫(yī)療差錯流出-rrheadiarrhea 腹瀉，rhinorrhea 鼻溢，hypermenorrhea 月經(jīng)過多困難/障礙dysdysfunction功能障礙,dyspepsia消化不良， d

11、yspnea呼吸困難無a;anatypical不典型的，asymptomatic無癥狀的， agranulocytosis 粒細胞減少癥 anemia復合/多poly-polyuria 多尿,polyopia 復視巨egalysplenomegaly 脾大,acromegaly 指端肥大癥, hepatomegaly 月千大結石litho-lithcholelithes 膽結石,lithiasis 結石癥table 3 examples of surgical 怕rminology （部分外科術語）含義前/后綴示例切除 ectomygastrectomy, appectectomy, lary

12、ngectomy切開-tomytracheotomy, hysterotomy, craniotomy造口 /吻合-stomycolostomy, ileostomy, tracheostomy整（矯）形ortho-orthopedics, orthotherapy, orthposurgery造影-graphyangiography, nephrography, radiography經(jīng)trans-transurethral, transcutaneous, transfusion成形 plastyosteoplasty, myoplasty, esophagoplastytable 4 e

13、xamples of directions and positions （部分方向位置）含義普通前/后綴示例上upper, superiorepi-, supra-epigastric 上腹部的， supraclavicular 鎖骨上的下lower, inferiorinf® sub-subclavicular,鎖骨下的, subcostal 肋下fl勺，inferior vena cava下腔靜脈前front, anterior, priorfore-, ante, pre-, antero,forehead,前額，anteroposterior 前后的/正位的后back,pos

14、terior,rearpost-,retro-,postero-postprandial 餐后的， retroperitoneal 腹膜后的內inn er, internalin-, in tra5 en do, ento-inhalation 吸入，endoscope 內 窺鏡,intracranial顱內的外outer, externalex-, exoextract 提取，excretion 排泄， exocardial 心外的側lateralbilateral 雙側的，unilateral 單側 的，contralateral 對側的， isolateral 同側的旁/副adjacen

15、t, appendixpara-parathyroid 甲狀旁腺， paracancer 癌旁周peripheral, aroundperi-perioperative 圍術的， perinatal圍產(chǎn)的間betweeninter-intercostal 肋間的， intercedllular 細胞間的屮心centralcentro-, centri-centrifuge離心，centronucleus 中心核橫向，經(jīng)tran sversetrans-tranfusion輸血，transcutaneous 經(jīng)皮的table 5 examples of cells and colors （部分細

16、胞與顏色）含義前/后綴示例色chromo / cromochromosome染色體，cromolyn色昔酸鈉紅erythroerythrocyte, erythrocytosis白leukoleukocyte, leukemia, leukocytuira黑melanomelanoma, melena 黑便青、藍cyanocyanosis 紫組,cyanemia 藍血癥淋巴lymphlymphocyte, lymphoma,粒granulogranulocyte, granulocytosis成細胞blastfibroblast成纖細胞網(wǎng)狀reticuloreticulocyte網(wǎng)狀細胞嗜堿的

17、basi, baso, alkalobasophil嗜堿性粒細胞嗜酸的eosino, acidoeosinocyte, eosnophil 嗜酸性粒細胞凝血的thrombothrombocyte 凝血細胞（=血小板 platelet）table 6 examples of compounds （部分化合物）含義前/后綴示例（酸）鹽-atesulfate硫酸鹽,nitrate硝酸鹽，acetate醋酸鹽醇-olalcohol 酒精,taxol 紫杉醇,ethanol 乙醇, allopurinol別嘿咻醇醛-almethylal甲縮醛，retinal視黃醛糖 saccharide,glyco-,gluco-, saccharo-glycogen 糖原，glucose 葡萄糖，saccharide 糖， polysaccharide 多糖酮-oneketone 酮，acetone 丙酮,ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒-asetransaminase 轉氨酶，reductase 還原酶素-inheparin 肝素，nuclein 核素，erythromycin 紅霉 素原genantigen 抗原，collagen 膠原苯基/酚phenol-phe