時(shí)態(tài)解析現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)ppt課件

1、時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 解解 析析( (如今時(shí)態(tài)如今時(shí)態(tài)) )一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí)v一.構(gòu)成:普通用動(dòng)詞的原形表示,主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)時(shí),動(dòng)詞要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化.v二.用法v1.描畫(huà)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或表示存在的形狀.句中常帶有表頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):always, everyday, often, once a week, sometimes, seldom, usually, never等.v例如vHe likes music very much.vNanjing is a beautiful city.vShe seldom goes to cinema.陳說(shuō)客觀(guān)現(xiàn)實(shí)或普遍真理陳說(shuō)客觀(guān)現(xiàn)實(shí)或普遍真理vThe su

2、n rises in the east.vThe earth goes around the sun.vAmericans speak English.按規(guī)定方案安排好要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常用arrive, go, come, return, leave, start, begin, stop, end, close, sail, be,等動(dòng)詞例如:vThe train to Beijing leaves at 10:00 a.m.vThe plane from China leaves at 6.p.m.vShe comes back tonight.vI leave for Yunnan nex

3、t Monday.普通性的闡明文字普通性的闡明文字,常用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)講常用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)講解解,新聞標(biāo)題等新聞標(biāo)題等,著重描畫(huà)著重描畫(huà),報(bào)道現(xiàn)實(shí)報(bào)道現(xiàn)實(shí).vChairman Hu Jingtao gets a warm welcome in Hongkong.vThe book says that women can live longer than men.普通如今時(shí)常用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示未來(lái).常用的連詞有when, before, if, as soon as, till, until, unless等.vIll tell him the news when he comes back.vIf

4、 it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.vLets wait until he comes.現(xiàn)現(xiàn) 在在 進(jìn)進(jìn) 行行 時(shí)時(shí)v一一.構(gòu)成構(gòu)成:vam, is, are +doingv二二.用法用法:v1.說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)展說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)展vWe are having English lesson now.vThe students are listening carefully.v當(dāng)前階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情當(dāng)前階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情(說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作不一定正在進(jìn)展說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作不一定正在進(jìn)展)vMr Hu is teaching us physics.vShe is

5、 reading a novel these days.vMore and more people are giving up smoking.v與頻度副詞連用與頻度副詞連用,表示一種埋怨，表示一種埋怨，批判或贊許，喜歡的語(yǔ)氣批判或贊許，喜歡的語(yǔ)氣.常與常與Always, forever, all the time等等連用連用vShe is always speaking ill of others. (埋怨埋怨,厭惡厭惡)vJohn is always thinking of others.(贊許贊許)v表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,或最近安排或方案要進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作,局限與少數(shù)表示瞬間動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,如:go

6、, come, leave, stay, arrive, dine, return, fly, start, begin, die, lose, do等.例如:vIm dinning out with my friends this evening.vThe old man is dying.vMy uncle is coming back abroad.vShe is leaving tomorrow.v留意留意:表感官動(dòng)作表感官動(dòng)作,心思形狀心思形狀,情感情感或存在形狀的動(dòng)詞不能運(yùn)用如今或存在形狀的動(dòng)詞不能運(yùn)用如今進(jìn)展時(shí)進(jìn)展時(shí).v感官類(lèi)感官類(lèi):see, hear, smell, feel,

7、 look, seem等等v情感類(lèi)情感類(lèi):hate, love, like, want, wish等等v存在形狀類(lèi)存在形狀類(lèi):exist, be, remain, stay等等v占有與從屬類(lèi)占有與從屬類(lèi):have, belong to, possess, consist等等現(xiàn)現(xiàn) 在在 完完 成成 時(shí)時(shí)v一.構(gòu)成:have/ has +donev二.用法:v1.過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)如今的影響,常與already, yet等連用.v例如:vNearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching

8、.vI have lost my pen.(影響:如今無(wú)筆可用)vI have had my lunch.(影響:我如今不餓)v表示從過(guò)去某一個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)場(chǎng)不斷表示從過(guò)去某一個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)場(chǎng)不斷繼續(xù)到如今及動(dòng)作的反復(fù)發(fā)生繼續(xù)到如今及動(dòng)作的反復(fù)發(fā)生,常常與與once, so far, up to now, in the past few years, since, recently, for等一段時(shí)間連用等一段時(shí)間連用.例例如如:vUp to now, I have collected all the data that I need.vShe has lived here since 1990.vHe

9、has studied English for 10 years.v如今完成時(shí)常用于以下句型如今完成時(shí)常用于以下句型:vIt is / has been +some time+ sincevIt is the + + thatvThat / This / It is the onlyvIt has been 5 years since that terrible accident happened to her.vIt is the third time that you have been late for morning assembly.vThis is the only party t

10、hat I have ever really enjoyed in my life.v如今完成時(shí)里，如今完成時(shí)里， 短暫性動(dòng)詞不短暫性動(dòng)詞不與一段時(shí)間連用與一段時(shí)間連用.vThey _ here for more than a month.vA. have arrived vB. have reachedvC. have come vD. have beenDv區(qū)別區(qū)別: :如今完成時(shí)與普經(jīng)過(guò)如今完成時(shí)與普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別去時(shí)的區(qū)別v1.1.如今完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的如今完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)如今的影響或產(chǎn)生動(dòng)作對(duì)如今的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果的結(jié)果. .而普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)而普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí) 只只限于表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作本身限于

11、表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作本身, ,與與結(jié)果無(wú)關(guān)結(jié)果無(wú)關(guān). .例如例如: :vHe has bought a house.vHe bought a house.v He has been ill for a week. v He was ill for a week. 2.如今完成時(shí)不可與表示特定過(guò)去如今完成時(shí)不可與表示特定過(guò)去時(shí)間的副詞連用，如時(shí)間的副詞連用，如Ago, then, yesterday,但普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)可以但普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)可以.例例如如: vHe has worked here last year. vHe worked here last year. FTv3.如今完成時(shí)不可與疑問(wèn)副詞如今完成時(shí)

12、不可與疑問(wèn)副詞when連用連用,而普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)可以而普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)可以.例例如如:vWhen has he come? vWhen did he come? FTiT v4.如今完成時(shí)可以同包括如今在如今完成時(shí)可以同包括如今在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)而普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)那么不可以那么不可以.vIt has been hot this summer.vIt was hot this summer.說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)仍在夏天說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)仍在夏天闡明夏天曾經(jīng)過(guò)去闡明夏天曾經(jīng)過(guò)去現(xiàn)現(xiàn) 在在 完完 成成 進(jìn)進(jìn) 行行 時(shí)時(shí)v一一.構(gòu)成構(gòu)成: have/ has +been +doingv二二.用法用法:v1.如今完

13、成進(jìn)展時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)場(chǎng)一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)場(chǎng),不斷延不斷延續(xù)到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)辰還在進(jìn)展續(xù)到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)辰還在進(jìn)展.這一用法這一用法常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如如for two years, vsince early morning, these few days 等等.v例如例如:vI have been translating this article for two hours.vHes been trying to work out the answer since early morning.v有時(shí)有時(shí),用了表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)

14、用了表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),但由于上下文關(guān)系但由于上下文關(guān)系,如今完成進(jìn)展如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)也可以表示動(dòng)作到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)曾經(jīng)時(shí)也可以表示動(dòng)作到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)曾經(jīng)停頓停頓,但對(duì)如今仍有影響但對(duì)如今仍有影響.例如例如:vIm very tired. Ive been playing basketball since breakfast.vHe has been working too hard.v反復(fù)的動(dòng)作表示感情顏色反復(fù)的動(dòng)作表示感情顏色v有時(shí)候有時(shí)候,如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)不是指如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)不是指某個(gè)動(dòng)作不斷在不停地進(jìn)展某個(gè)動(dòng)作不斷在不停地進(jìn)展,而是而是表示不斷到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)為止的一段時(shí)表示不斷到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一再反復(fù)

15、的動(dòng)作間內(nèi)一再反復(fù)的動(dòng)作,常帶有感情常帶有感情顏色顏色.vShe has been saying that many times.如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)和如今完成時(shí)如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)和如今完成時(shí)的比較的比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成 表示動(dòng)作迄今為止表示動(dòng)作迄今為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)延續(xù)進(jìn)行或目前動(dòng)延續(xù)進(jìn)行或目前動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行作正在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作持續(xù)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作持續(xù)進(jìn)行的情景的情景vI have watered the flowers.v (已完成已完成)vI have been watering the flow

16、ers.(未完成未完成,不斷在澆不斷在澆)vHe has read this book. (已讀完已讀完)vHe has been reading this book.(未讀完未讀完)v不以?xún)?nèi)關(guān)于進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)的形狀動(dòng)詞不以?xún)?nèi)關(guān)于進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)的形狀動(dòng)詞,知覺(jué)動(dòng)詞或情打動(dòng)詞知覺(jué)動(dòng)詞或情打動(dòng)詞(如如know, love等等)不可用于如今完成進(jìn)展不可用于如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)時(shí),但可用于如今完成時(shí)但可用于如今完成時(shí).vI have known her for a long time.vI have been knowing her for a long time.TFvI havent seen him these

17、days.vI havent been seeing him these days.v許多時(shí)候，尤其是在口語(yǔ)話(huà)中，許多時(shí)候，尤其是在口語(yǔ)話(huà)中，如今完成時(shí)和如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)可如今完成時(shí)和如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)可以互用以互用TF2006高考試題鏈接高考試題鏈接1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more. A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live2. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising th

18、ese days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping3. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 4. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in wi

19、nter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going5. -I dont suppose the police know who did it. - Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned6. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all

20、his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off8. I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than

21、 an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked9. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered10. The building around the corner caught

22、 fire last night. The police are now _ the matter. A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over2000-2005 高考試題高考試題1. (2000全國(guó)全國(guó)) The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 2.

23、(2001春季春季) The men will have to wait all day _ the doctor works faster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that3. (2001春季春季) Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken4. (2001春季春季) Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose5. (2002上海上海) He will have learned English for eight years by the t