現(xiàn)在完成時講解及練習題及答案

1、時態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(1)構成：現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞 have +過去分詞構成，助動詞have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 第三人稱單數(shù)用has；,其余用have. 現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式直接在助動詞后面加上not、疑問式是把助動詞提到主語之前。以 study為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下:否定式疑問式I have not (haven't) studied .Have I studied?You have not (haven't) studied .Have you studied?He has not (hasn't) studied .Has he studied?否

2、定疑問式簡單回答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven ' t I) studied?Yes, you have. No, you haven' t.Have you not (Haven ' t you) studied ?Yes, I have. No, I haven' t.Has he not (Hasn ' t he) studied ?Yes, he has. No, he hasi' t.(2)用法：1)現(xiàn)在完成時通常表示在 說話之前已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。說話人強調(diào)的是該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的荽果或影響。My daugh

3、ter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I' m sure we ' ve met befoe.定我們以前見過面。She has arrived.她至 U 了。2)表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時間的狀語連用，如recently, already, just, lately, forsince yet 等。如：I haven ' t heard from her these day這些日子我沒有收到她的信。We haven' t seen you recently最近我們沒有見到你。They have been awa

4、y for two years. 他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。She has been with us since Monday.注意:1) since和for的區(qū)別since 后接時間點, 如 1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段時間,表示 長達多久”,如ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise:用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland three days.3. His aun

5、t has lived in Australia 15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.8. Mike has been ill a long time. He has

6、been in hospital October.2)表示短暫意義的動詞如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成時當中不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，因為它們表示的動作不可能持續(xù)。因此，不能說：He has come here for 2 weeks. xThe old man has died for 4 months. xThey have left only for 5 minutes. x以上三句話可以改為：He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has for 4 months.Th

7、ey have only for 5 minutes.3) have (has) been和have (has) gone的區(qū)別：表示 曾到過某地"要用 "have (has) been表'示；巴經(jīng)去某地"要用 "have (has) gone”。 試比較：Where has he been?他剛才到哪里去了？(已經(jīng)回來了)Where has he gone? 他上哪兒去了？(人不在)They have been to Canada.他們到過加拿大。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大)They have gone to Canada.他們到加拿大去了。(可能在

8、路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大)4)現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如 yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in ,但可 以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never 等連用。例如:She has already come. 她已經(jīng)來了。I haven ' t read it yet我還沒讀過這個。I have met him before.我從前曾見過

9、他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 馬紅直是個好學生。I have often seen him in the street. 我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。They have never been to Yan ' 他們從未去過延安。I haven't seen him lately. 我近來沒看至 U他。regular VerbsBase FormPast FormPast Participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbro

10、ughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputre

11、adreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam, iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I already(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2.he(finish) his work today? Not yet.3

12、. My father .just(come) back from work. He is tired now.4.Where 's Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher's office.5.I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6.So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7.How long .the Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.8.I_ just(finish) my homework.9.He(go) to school

13、on foot every day.10).you(find) your science book yet?11.If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The students(read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey(climb) the tree.14. My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it anywhere?II. Choose the b

14、est answer.1. How long have you here?C. arrivedD. beenB. for 2 yearsD. my age was 6.A. comeB. got2. My grandpa died.A. at the age of my 2C. when I was 2.3. Jane has to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. never been4. It is ten years I last saw her.A. afterB. sinceC. forD. th

15、at5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, havingD. have, had7. -Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and I friends since we were very young.

16、A. have madeB. have become C. have beenD. have turned8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-Sorry. He the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 10.-you ever to the US?-Ye

17、s, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before.（改為否定句）I been to Macau before.2. He hasn ' t come to schooeca.use.h.e_was.iLl.（就戈U線部分提問） he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.（用 just 改寫）I just a new bike.4. We beg

18、an to learn English three years ago似為同義句）We English three years5. He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑問句）6. They have been here .since .2000.（對劃線部分提問） have they been here?7. The old man last year. He has for a year. （die）（動詞填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Miss Gao has an hour ago.IV . Ask the question

19、s1） I have been there for two days.you?2） My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3） He left here yesterday. he?4） They bought a book two hours ago. they a book?V . Use never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since " to fill in the blanks.1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about

20、 him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “ Have you seen the film? ”" No, I have seen it. ”5. “ Has the bus left?”"Yes, it has left. "現(xiàn)在完成時練習題一、翻譯下列句子：3 .我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。4 .他已經(jīng)吃過午飯5 .你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？8 .他離開中國三年了。9 .我認識他們五年了10. 他們已去了美國五年了。二、用 si

21、nce 和 for 填空1.two years3._last month5.yesterday74 hours9. _we were children11.she left here2.two years ago4.19996.4 o clock8.an hour ago10. lunch time12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.13. I ve known him we were cdhriel n.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.15. She has b

22、een away from the city about ten years.16. It s about ten years she left the city.三、結束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to spf be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.HeBeijing for.2) I

23、 moved to the USA in 2008.Ithe USA since.3) I went home yesterday.Ihome for4) They came here last week.They _ here since _1 come to / go back to / returnto- be back togo out -be out1) He came out two years ago.He for to Beijing since 2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We become f be1) I became a teac

24、her in 2000. I a teacher for .2) The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for . close - be closedopen - be open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop for 2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door for six hours. get up - be up； die - be dead；leave sp. f be away from sp.fall aslee

25、p / get tot sleep - be asleep；finish / end - be over； marry - be married ；1) I got up two hours ago.I since .2) He left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa for .4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .

26、I since .6) They married in 1990. They since . start / begin to do sth. f do sth. ； begin - be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I at this school since .2) The film began two minutes ago.The film for . borrow - keep； lose - not have ； buy - have ； put on - wearcatch / get a cold - have a

27、 cold； get to know - know1) They borrowed it last week. They it since .2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I a pen for .3) I got to know him last year.I him since .4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I my glasses for . have / has gone to - have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days.

28、 join the league / the Party / the armyf be a league member /a Party member / a soldierf be a member of the league / the Party f be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He a for two years.He a the for two years.He the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army

29、two years ago.My brother a for .My brother in for two years.四、劃線提問1) I have been there for two days. you ?2) My father has lived here since 2000. your father ?3) He left here yesterday. he ?4) They bought a book two hours ago. they a book 五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei ?B: He

30、 to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I m afraid he won t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I never there.A: How many times Li Fei to that place?B: He there only once.六、 用 have / has been

31、to / in, have gone to及 go 的各種形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He his country.2) David the park just now.3) John England since he came back.4) How long they this village?5) The Smiths Beijing for years.6) you ever America? - Yes, I there many times.7) I this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He the

32、 farm.9) Whenhe ? He an hour ago.10) Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I there before.11) Where you now? - I to the zoo.12) He often swimming.13) you there last year?14) they often skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空1. I have seen him before, so I have

33、no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “ Have you seen the film? ”“ No, I have seen it. ”5. “ Has the bus left ?”“ Yes, it has left. ”八 . 用適當?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.She s (live) here ever since she was ten.1.80 th of them (be) in Hongkong for ten days.

34、1.81 th of them (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour (pass) since the train (leave).5. Mary(lose) her pen. you (see) it here and there?6. you (find) your watch yet?7. -Are you thirsty? -No I just (have) some orange.8. We already (return) the book.9. they (build) a new school in the villag

35、e?10. I (not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father (read) the novel twice.12. I (buy) a book just now.13. I (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father (read) this book since yesterday.參考答案一翻譯下列句子：1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?2. I have just lost my chemistry book.3. I have

36、never been to the farm before.4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet?6. My brother hasn cot me /get / been back yet = My brother hasn retturned yet.7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.8. Has been away from China for thr

37、ee years.9. I have known them for five years.10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister hasbeen incollege for three years.13. They have known each other since 1999.14. I have been in

38、this school for over three years.二、 用 since 或者 for 填空 1. for 2. since 3. since 4. since 5. since6. since 7. for 8 since 9.since 10. since11. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for 16. since三、結束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語 1. has been in ,five minutes 2. have been in , 20083. have been at, two days 4.

39、 have been , last week 1. havebeen out, two years 2. have been back , yesterday 1. have been , nine years 2. has been , two years 1. has been closed , two hours 2. has been opern5) 1. have been up , two hours ago 2. has been away from 3. has been dead , seven years 4. has been over 5. have been asleep , two hours ago 6. have been married , 1990® 1. have taught , 19952. has been on , two minutes© 1. have kept , last week2. have had