[實例講解]初中英語完形填空+解題技巧+實例+答案

1、初中完型填空題解題技巧一、完形填空的特點是什么？完形填空是一種旨在考查考生的閱讀能力、邏輯推理及分析歸納、綜合判斷能力的典型題，難易程度及初中教材相當(dāng)，詞數(shù)在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25個詞左右設(shè)一空。人名、 地名、日期等不在設(shè)空之列。隔詞數(shù)越少，題目越難；反之亦然。文體多以記敘文為主，首句通常不設(shè)空。考查內(nèi)容集中在對名詞、動詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞等實詞的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不認(rèn)得字、詞語的情況下，能否通過推理判斷、綜合分析等全面理解文章的正確意思，然后把答案填入空白處，使短文前后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。它的一個顯著特點就是突出語篇，即重在文意的干擾，把具體的

2、語言知識融進具體的語言情境中去，考查學(xué)生通過上下文對整體文意進行把握的能力。二、完形填空題的設(shè)置方法1. 句子層次的設(shè)空 （從詞匯、慣用法, 語法規(guī)則的實際應(yīng)用方面進行設(shè)計）指那些只需讀懂“空格”所在句子便可選出答案的題目，包括詞義識別，同義詞辨析，英語慣用法, 語法規(guī)則的實際應(yīng)用。例1：When you take your clothes off, remember to 86 .Get into the habit of(養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣) taking glasses and plates down to the kitchen. Before long youll be doing it w

3、ithout thinking.(   ) 86. A. hang them upB. leave them aloneC. put them onD. throw them away例2：Only Mothers Love is true love. She gives you everything all her life. When you are a baby, mother looks after you 16 . In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When you are ill, sh

4、e 17 her work right away to look after you. When you are growing up, she feels 18 .( )16. A. carefulB. carefullyC. goodD. badly( )17. A. doesB. goes onC. stopsD. likes( )18. A. sadB. sillyC. upsetD. happy2. 句群層次的設(shè)空 (從語篇角度綜合測試考生的閱讀理解能力)指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過推理判斷可以得到答案的題目。這種題目相對較難，但只要你能根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容進行考慮，一定能選出正確的答案。前

5、制性設(shè)空：即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。例1：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A. write    B. speak    C. sing     D. dance例2：Sometimes you ma

6、y not understand your parents. One minute theyre friendly, the next minute theyre shouting and screaming(尖叫) loudlyenough for the whole street to hear. So who makes them so 85 . You, probably!(   ) 85. A. friendlyB. lonelyC. changeableD. comfortable(舒適的)后制性設(shè)空：指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才能選出正確答案的題目，即在下文某處有

7、提示。例1：Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you dont like me ” A. believed    B. liked     C. hated     D. knew 例2： Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern

8、 United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West. A. many         B. all        C. two       D. threeEven though you may not realize(意識到) it, your parents have bought you manyclothes. But they

9、re not buying themselves new things every week, are they? The simple truth is that there are more 87 things to spend money on, like the electricity(電) bill and food.(   ) 87. A. interestingB. difficultC. importantD. surprising3. 語篇性設(shè)空 (從語篇角度綜合測試考生的閱讀理解能力)指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定正確答案的設(shè)空。這種題目難度較高

10、，需要我們在全面理解文章的正確意思下才能做出正確的選擇，這種題目主要用于拉開優(yōu)秀生及其他學(xué)生的分?jǐn)?shù)，但題目不會太多。例：Sometimes you may not understand your parents.You might not want to eat, but think of it from the parents point of view. If you cook two meals a day, it means 730 meals a year. Can you imagine how boring this can get? Imagine how your paren

11、ts feel when you say youre not really hungry. 90 , your parents are probably worried that you arent eating enough.(   ) 90. A. In additionB. In returnC. At mostD. At last三、完形填空解題步驟及要領(lǐng)第一步：細(xì)讀首句，跳過空格，通讀全文，掌握大意細(xì)讀首句:明確短文話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測全文內(nèi)容。跳過空格，快速通讀，領(lǐng)會大意，把握中心。生詞的處理；跳過、判斷詞性、了解大意、猜測。第二步：上下聯(lián)系，逐句閱讀，先易

12、后難，初定答案。答案要求 語法正確, 搭配無誤, 結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意思通順, 前后一致, 邏輯得當(dāng)。怎樣分析：A. 從空格所在的句子單獨考慮。B. 從空格所在的前后2-3句考慮。C. 從整個段落、整篇短文考慮。思路一: 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從語法和句型結(jié)構(gòu)考慮。思路二: 理解句子含義，判斷句義關(guān)系，從詞匯的意義、用法和搭配考慮。思路三: 把握整體意思，尋找答題線索，從上下文考慮。思路四: 結(jié)合前后語境，進行邏輯推理，從日常生活常識考慮。第三步： 復(fù)讀全文，逐個核對，驗證答案，堅定信心。怎樣驗證答案：所選答案是否能使全文流暢，邏輯推理是否正確。具體實事是否成立，前后關(guān)系是否理順。語法是否正確，其中包括時態(tài)的

13、選擇、詞匯選擇、固定搭配等。在通讀全文時最好在可能的條件下將所選答案填入文章中，反復(fù)閱讀。四、具體的解題方法及技巧在解題時，除了運用“前制性設(shè)空”、“后制性設(shè)空”和“語篇性設(shè)空”的知識進行解題外，還有下面三種方法及技巧可供參考。（）語意第一，語法第二原則。 根據(jù)文化背景和生活常識，利用上下文線索，分析并列句的因果關(guān)系，可以選出正確答案。例1：A young father was visiting an old neighbor. They were standing in the old man's garden and talking about _ A.trees B.flower

14、s C.children D.old people【點撥】【A young father was visiting an old neighbor. They were standing in the old man's garden, and talking about _. The young man said,"How strict should parents be with their children?】例2：Little Tom wondered what would happen to the eggs. Two weeks later, little Tom

15、 found some chicks _ out of the shells(蛋殼). A. walked B. ran C. jumped D. struggled例3：It took Charlie Mui several months to save up seven dollars. He wanted to _ a model plane and went to the shop with the moneyA.sell B.buy C.hold D.bring（）語法正確，注意細(xì)節(jié)的原則。在語意正確的前題下，還要根據(jù)學(xué)過的語法知識，詞語辨析、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配等方面選擇正確答案。如

16、：例1： One night the dog began to bark suddenly. It made Mr Erens _ _ to sleep. He had to get up and tried his _ _ to stop it， but the beast wouldn't stop， and kept on _ _.A.go not B.not go C.not to go D.to not goA.well B.good C.better D.bestA.bark B.to bark C.barking D.barked例2：r Evans is an old

17、man of about sixty, His wife died a few years ago. His children _ him by thenA.left B.would leave C.have left D.had left?（）從語法方面，根據(jù)所給答案的不同詞類，從不同角度分別考慮選擇。a.名詞的選擇，應(yīng)聯(lián)系文章主題及空格前后出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)詞，注意其性和數(shù)的一致。 b.動詞的選擇，要注意詞義和慣用搭配，還要區(qū)分近義詞之間的用法差異及所給詞的形式。考慮動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和是否是要填入非謂語動詞。c.介詞的選擇，應(yīng)注意其慣用法，特別是及動詞或其他詞組成的固定搭配。 d.代詞的選擇，要注

18、意性(男或女)、數(shù)(單復(fù)數(shù))、格(主格、賓格、形代、名代)是否準(zhǔn)確。 e.連詞的選擇，要注意分析前后句或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。 f.形容詞和副詞的選擇，要注意詞義的區(qū)別，用于比較時，還要注意比較級和最高級等。 例如： A man and his wife had a small bar(酒吧) near a station. They often worked late into the night， _ _ people came to drink there while they were _ trains. At two o'clock one morning， one man wa

19、s still at a table in the small bar. He was asleep. The bar man's wife wanted to leave. She looked _ the bar several times， and each time the man was _ there， Then at last she went to her husband and said to him， "You _ _ that man six times， George ， _ he isn't drinking anything?"?

20、A.as soon as B.because C.so D.thoughA.catching up with B.getting on C.looking after D.waiting forA.at B.for C.into D.out ofA.always B.often C.still D.already A.have woken B.wake C.had woken D.will wake A.and B.but C.yet D.too 五、【實例講解】【例1】Last year I bought some flower pots (花盆). I didnt _41_ them at

21、 once. One day, I went to a shop _42_ some flower seeds(種子). Then I put them into a pot with soil (土壤) and watered them. For a few days, _43_happened. I went on watching. On the _44_day, I finally saw the seeds develop and felt so _45_. Our life is sometimes like an _46_ flower pot with nothing insi

22、de. Our days are filled with lots of different things. We usually dont do them _47_ we think theyre not very important. But _48_we find that some important things are gone. Those things we lose in life are seeds of hope, love and dreams. Planting fun in hearts is just like _49_flowers. The seeds of

23、fun in hearts will develop as the seeds of flowers. So if I plant _50_ of hope, I can expect something wonderful. (2019年昆明市學(xué)業(yè)水平考試)( )41. A. makeB. useC. buy ( )42. A. forB. byC. without ( )43. A. everythingB. somethingC. nothing ( )44. A. tenthB. tenC. twelve ( )45. A. worriedB. happyC. tired ( )46.

24、 A. bigB. colorfulC. empty ( )47. A. soB. thatC. because ( )48. A. whenB. afterC. later ( )49. A. keepingB. growingC. watering ( )50. A. seedsB. soilC. pots 【例2】Different things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat,blood and life. People say red is an ex

25、citing and active color. They associate（使發(fā)生聯(lián)系） red with a strong feeling like 1 . Red is used for signs of 2 , such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of 3 in autumn. People say orange is a 4 color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of_5_. People

26、 say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in_6_. People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people_7_two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and_8_.Where there are warm color and a lot of

27、light, people usually want to be_9_. Those who like to be with_10 _like red. The cool colors are _11_ and blue. Where are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to_12 _more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a good_13_for a liv

28、ing room or a _14_. People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly._15 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly.( )1. A. sadnessB. angerC. administrationD. smile( )2. A. roads B. ways C. danger D. places ( )3. A. landB. lea

29、ves C. grass D. mountains( )4. A. lively B. dark C. noisy D.frightening ( )5. A. moonlight B. light C. sunlight D. stars ( )6. A. summer B. spring C. autumnD. winter ( )7. A. speak B. say C. talk about D. tell ( )8. A. greenB. yellow C. white D. gray ( )9. A. calm B. sleepy C. active D. helpful ( )1

30、0.A. the other B. another C. other one D. others ( )11. A. blackB. green C. golden D. yellow ( )12. A. go round B. go by C. go off D. go along ( )13. A. one B. way C. fact D. matter ( )14. A. factory B. classroom C. restaurant D. hospital ( )15. A. Different B. Cool C. Warm D. All完形填空專題練習(xí)練習(xí)題（1） When

31、 I was fifteen I went to a summer camp. There were lots of great 90 but there was one thing I was really scared (害怕)about: climbing the wall. The wall is a kind of rock that people use to learn how to climb. It is very tall. We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldnt get to the top

32、 because I am 91 heights. I was ashamed and I didnt want anyone to know that I was scared. I thought they would all laugh at me. I practiced my excuse: “Im not scared, you know, I suffer from vertigo (患眩暈癥).” The day came. It was time to climb the wall. The sun was shining but everyone was very quie

33、t that morning. I took photographs at the bottom of the wall and tried to 92 . Everyone in the group went up. Then the moment came. It was my turn. I was so scared that all I could think about was my excuse. Someone said, “Shall I take your camera?” and I answered, “Im not scared, you know. I suffer

34、 from vertigo”. The 93 was that I was more than scared, I was terrified (嚇壞了). The camp leader said, “Dont worry, you dont have to do anything you dont want to do.” I was surprised. Everyone was understanding. No one 94 . The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to try the wall on my own, 95 th

35、e others watching. Although I was still very nervous I agreed and climbed slowly to the top with his help. I was still shaking when I came 96, but I was really happy and relieved too. For me, climbing the wall was a real achievement. (2019 上海中考試卷完形填空) ( )90. A. activitiesB. operationsC. accidentsD.

36、exams( ) 91. A. poor atB. good atC. afraid ofD. fond of( ) 92. A. goB. hideC. appearD. run( ) 93. A. truthB. situationC. storyD. reason( ) 94. A. jumpedB. cheeredC. smiledD. laughed( ) 95. A. withB. withoutC. amongD. behind( ) 96. A. inB. outC. upD. down練習(xí)題（2） Every day cars kill or hurt many people

37、 on roads. Sometimes the drivers drive too fast or do not, drive carefully enough. Some of them 85 the traffic rules and cause accidents. According to some researches, it is usually the pedestrians(行人)who cause the accidents. A lot of road users are very careless. They walk or run across the roads 8

38、6 the cars. They walk in the roads but not on the walkways. They get into or out of cars in the middle of the road. Some do not take the trouble to 87 the green lights and simply cross the roads against the red lights. Many people think accidents often happen in busy roads in large cities, but this

39、is not always true. 88 , Tokyo is one of the worlds largest cities and probably one of the busiest cities; however, there are 89 accidents to pedestrians. The reason is that the police there are very strict and the pedestrians are very careful. Pedestrians never cross against a red light and they 90

40、 follow traffic rules. Do you know alcohol（酒精）is another main cause of traffic accidents? It delays peoples response. Those who have drunk alcohol are 91 in making decisions. They need a few more seconds to react（反應(yīng)）. Alcohol drinking is especially dangerous for motor car drivers. It is not only dri

41、vers who may have accidents after drinking. Drunken pedestrians may put their lives in danger as well. (2019 上海中考試卷完形填空)( )85. A. makeB. breakC. followD. remember( )86. A. at the end of B. in the centre ofC. on top ofD. in front of( )87. A. turn onB. worry aboutC. wait forD. point out( )88. A.

42、In additionB. For exampleC. By the wayD. On the other hand( )89. A. fewB. manyC. enoughD. some( )90. A. evenB. neverC. almostD. always( )91. A. slowB. activeC. interestedD. excited練習(xí)題（3） Cartoon films have very few limits(限制). If you can draw something, you can make it 1 on the cinema screen. The us

43、e of new ideas and modern computer programs means that cartoons are becoming exciting again for people of 2 ages. By 1970, the cinema world had decided that cartoons were 3 for children. But soon after that, one or two film makers had some new ideas. They proved that it was 4 to make films in which

44、both grown-ups and children could enjoy them. However, 5 cartoon film was successful. The Black Cauldron, for example, failed, mainly because it was too 6 for children and too childish for grown-ups. Film makers learnt from this mistake, and then cartoons were welcomed by both children and grown-ups

45、 and 7 the film companies began to make large amounts of money.( ) 1. A. arriveB. stayC. standD. move ( ) 2. A. someB. eitherC. allD. both ( ) 3. A. neverB. onlyC. stillD. already ( ) 4. A. possibleB. difficultC. completeD. interesting ( ) 5. A. not everyB. none of theC. eachD. neither of the ( ) 6.

46、 A. interestingB. popularC. relaxingD. frightening ( ) 7. A. onceB. howeverC. againD. also練習(xí)題（4） The name of Daniel Williams has been known to the black people in the United States for many years. He became a 1 in Chicago in 1883. After graduating, he taught at Northwestern Universitys medical schoo

47、l. He was asked by the president of the United States, Grover Cleveland, to go to Washington, D.C., to head the Freedmens Hospital. It was one of the few hospitals for blacks in the country 2 . He went back to Chicago to help to set up Provident Hospital. 3 it opened, Chicagos black doctors could no

48、t practice in hospitals. They had to treat patients 4 , so operations were performed on beds and kitchen tables. Dr. Williams also helped to set up a training school in Chicago for black nurses. In 1893 he operated on a man who was dying from a stab wound in the heart. Such a wound had always 5 deat

49、h. But Dr. Williams tried to save the man. 6 X-ray or blood transfusions (輸血), he opened the mans chest and sewed up (修補) his heart. Everything went on well with the bold (大膽的) operation. The man 7 .( ) 1. A. headmasterB. managerC. doctorD. nurse ( ) 2. A. at that timeB. in the pastC. a moment agoD.

50、 just then ( ) 3. A. AfterB. BeforeC. WhenD. As soon as ( ) 4. A. in the officeB. in the schoolC. in the universityD. at home ( ) 5. A. shownB. explainedC. meantD. described ( ) 6. A. According toB. Instead ofC. Because ofD. Without ( ) 7. A. diedB. livedC. became strongD. got badly hurt練習(xí)題（5）Every

51、year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, _1_ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn_2_? It is not_3_to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their _4_. Many people learn English because it

52、is_5_in their work. Some young people learn English_6_their higher studies because some of their books are_7_English. Other people learn English because they want to _8_newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to _9_ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very_10_in o

53、ur life (生活).( )1. A. allB. the otherC. bothD. other ( )2. A. EnglishB. ChineseC. mathsD. Japanese ( )3. A. hardB. easyC. goodD. nice ( )4. A. booksB. classes C. schoolsD. subjects (科目) ( )5. A. good B. useful (有用的)C. fine D. pleased( )6. A. for B. of C. to D. from ( )7. A. in B. with C. at D. of (

54、)8. A. look B. see C. look at D. read ( )9. A. go B. work C. like D. come ( )10. A. help B. helping C. helps D. helpful 練習(xí)題（6）Once, a king showed two men a large basket in the garden. He told them to fill it with water from a well. After they _1_ their work, he left them, saying, “When the sun is do

55、wn, I will come and see your work.”At last one of them said, “Whats the use of doing this foolish work? We can _2_ fill the basket.” _3_ man answered, “That is none of your business.” The first man said. “You may do as you like, but I am not going to work at _4_ so foolish.” He _5_ his bucket and we

56、nt away. The other man said no word, and kept on carrying _6_. At last the well was almost _7_.As he poured the last bucket of water into the basket, he saw a bright thing in it. He picked it up. It was a beautiful gold ring. Just then the king came. _8_ he saw the ring, he knew that he had found the kind of man he wanted. He told him to keep the ring for