寫作替換詞必備

1、1學(xué)生常用表達(dá)更得分的表達(dá)方式名詞1thi ngsthat on etrieshardtodoon e's un dertaki ngs/o ne' scommitme nts2Thefactisthat Therealityisthat3joyhappin ess/delight/enjoyme nt4sadnesssorrow/grief5dangerhazard/peril （后面這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)，危險(xiǎn)程度非 同一"般）7派生da ngerous; hazardous6educati on-schooli ng （指學(xué)校教育,家庭教育則用upbringing/pa

2、renting）區(qū)分家庭教育的兩個(gè)詞 upbringing是從孩子的角度說(shuō)的，比如childre n，supbringin g;而paren ti ng是從家長(zhǎng)的角 度來(lái) 說(shuō)， 比女口 sens ibleparent ing.7advertiseme nt/advertis ing如果你寫過(guò)關(guān)于廣告的題目，就一定體會(huì)過(guò)不停 輪換使advertisement/advertising"多有即悶°其 實(shí)主 體段論證中完全可以把廣告類細(xì)化，比如 commercial電視或者互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的廣告），flyers（傳單廣告，北京最常見(jiàn)的形式就是“135*, 辦證”）,billboards （

3、大幅的廣告牌）或者non-p rofitadvertiseme nts=p ublic-i nterestadvertis ements （公益廣告）8carautomobile9econo miccrisiseconomicme 11down （彳艮接近）/recession （這個(gè) 1般 僅僅還是衰退）/theGreatDe pression （這個(gè) 則是特 指1929年開(kāi)始的那次了）1 0famous peoplecelebrities (單數(shù)為 celebrity)11huma nbeings （備考生使用過(guò)多）humanity （注意這個(gè)詞的單數(shù)指人類，復(fù)數(shù)指 人 文學(xué)科）/theh

4、umanrace12wealthfortu ne （s） （fortu nd乍財(cái)'鬲的意思時(shí)可以加復(fù) 數(shù)）13相關(guān)richwealthy/afflue nt (adj.)14skillQ tech nique注意這個(gè)詞的正確解釋是技能或者方 法，而不是tech no logy科技）15派生skilledade pt/adroit(adj.)16methodmethodology （國(guó)外學(xué)術(shù)與作中超級(jí)常用的詞，基本 就是method的故作圖深版）17fieldsp here/doma in/arena18un dersta ndin gofQ gras po f/comma ndof19

5、choiceop ti on20coop erati onzcollaborati on21basicstructure in acityoraco untryin frastructure22tired nessforal on gtimefatigue23isamustofisaprerequisitefor （是的必備先決條件）24thel nternetthei nformatio nhighway 1 篇考生作文里In ternet被使用十幾次是常事兒）25hon estyZin tegrity26stro ngbelieffaith(i n)27aiminten tio n28wo

6、rriesan xieties （是的,這兩個(gè)詞的確都可以加復(fù)數(shù)）29in flue neeimp act/re percussio n/imp licatio n30in flue nceon eachothermutual influence (類似的表達(dá)還有 mutualres pect, mutualtrusfmutual un dersta nding/in teraction betwee nAan dB/i n terplaybetwee nAandB31manydifferentkindsof avarietyof /awidearrayof/awidera ngeof32wr

7、on gideasheldbyma nypeoplemisc oncep ti ons33famep restige/sterli ngrepu tati on34rangezsp ectrum35sensezrecog niti on36partcomp on e nt （這個(gè)詞不僅指零件，在學(xué)術(shù)與作中 也經(jīng)常指部分”37wise 相關(guān)sen sible(adj.)38gapdis parity39asystemfora particularpurposezamecha ni smfor4asoluti on tosth.aremedyforsth.（生活中經(jīng)常指種病的治療方0法，但學(xué)術(shù)寫作

8、中經(jīng)常用來(lái)指某種問(wèn)題的解決方 法，注意搭配的介詞不同）41badstude ntsZunru lystude nts/disr up tivestude nts42badbehaviorun ethicalbehavior/immoralbehavior43orga ni zati on sthathe Ippoorpeoplecharities/charitableorga ni zati ons44differe needisti nctio n45派生bediffere nt frombedisti nctfrom(adj.)46personin dividual47person ali

9、tyzdis positi on48bus in essesenterprises （這里指企業(yè)）49p rieesthataretoohighexorbita ntp rices50therateof the in cide nceof (后面一“般跟壞事兒,比如unemp loyme nt/crime/adisease51inten see nthusiasmzeal/passi on52eulturalglobalization （有過(guò)多人使用這 個(gè) 詞）globalculturalhomoge ni zati on53ath ing thatis necessaryan ecessit

10、y54athi ng thatis newa ndin teresti ngano velty55ath in gthatisrareararity56thi ngsthat peop leare no tsureaboutun certa in ties57aworldla ng uageauni versalla ng uage58frie ndscompanions59relaxati onzrecreati on60self-res pectse-festeema nddi gn ity61res pectsb. /sth.holdsb. /62反乂 lookdownon treat

11、withcontempt=despise (v.)63self-c on trolself-discipli ne64crim inalconv ict65pris onerinm ate66drinksQ alcoholicbeverages67peoplewhowalk on thestreetpedestria ns68oldge nerati onsin historyan cestors69v/yabe neficiaryofsth.70adiseasethats preadsquicklyanepidemic （注意這個(gè)詞雖然是-ic結(jié) 尾，卻不是形容詞）71avery unpl

12、easa ntwayoflifemisery72ataskthatrequireslotsofeffortan arduoustask73emoti onzsen time nt74en emy“ opponent/foe75n arrowm indsinsularminds （狹隘的頭腦或者觀念）76awaytodosth.anapp roaehtodo in gsth. /a nave nu etowa dssth.77hobbye p astime/diversio n78p rogressprogression （經(jīng)常指抽象的進(jìn)步,比如與關(guān)于 society/eareer/techno

13、logy 的 話 題）79failuresetback （注意作名詞的時(shí)候中間不要 加空格）80imp orta neesignificance （當(dāng)你用 了 .次 imp orta nee之后，第二次不妨用這個(gè)）81dutyobligati on （用于比較重要的責(zé)任）82difficultyhindran ee/im pedime nt/hurdles83p ressurefromyourelassmatespeerp ressure84eitize nswhoca nworklaborforee/workforee （都是總體概 念， 而且注意后面這個(gè)詞的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寫 法中間 沒(méi)有空格）85p

14、 roblemsordiseasesthatexistforalo ng timep ersiste ntp roblems/ehro niediseases86alifewithoutregularexereiseasede ntarylifestyle87resulteon seque nee （表示消極的結(jié)果更多 一些）88thoughtse con siderati ons89thelaekofk no wledgeignoran ee （注意在地道央文里，這個(gè) 詞經(jīng)常并不表示忽視”而是表示無(wú)知”90harm ( n.)adverseeffeet91harm (vt.)damagede

15、stroy/ruin (這兩個(gè)詞比 damage 程度更重)spoil (后面跟theeitysea pe/see nery/e nvir onmen) undermine (后面 跟抽象概念，比如stability/soeialorder/harm ony) jeopardize (后面跟抽象概念，比如one，sfuture/one飛career tarnish (后面跟one sreputation/image sap/dampen(后面跟on e'se nthusiasm/i nterest/c on fide nee92派生harmfuldetrime ntal(adj.)93

16、派生beharmfultoe p oseathreatto94badluckmisfort une95troubleadversity/di1emma/predicame nt/hards hip96crimeoffen se/crimi nalact97youthcrimee juve niledeli nquency98crimi naloffe nder/e cul prit/ e perp etrator99seriouscrimeheino uscrime/fe lony100amino rcrimeamisdemea nor101shortage(of)scarcity (of)/

17、dearth(of)102the onlyonean exce pti on103pl aceswherea ni malslivehabitat形容詞104worryi nge disturb ing形容詞105very popu larp revale nt/ubiquitous106TRUEgenuin e (trulyage nuin ely)107dee pprofound (深刻的，后面經(jīng)常跟 wisdom/truths/un dersta ndi ng/im pact/thoug hts)108stro ngpo werful/mighty109weake vuln erable

18、110hard-work ingin dustrious （注意不是 in dustrial, 而 dilige nt那個(gè)詞在美語(yǔ)中是個(gè)挺大的詞）111verydisa ppointinglame ntable/pathetic112begood(for)bebe neficial(to)=bei nthebesti nterests (of)113beno tasgoodasbein feriorto114bebettertha nbes up eriorto115unin terest ingmundan （注意這個(gè)詞其實(shí)再美國(guó)很多時(shí)候并 不是 世俗的"意思/humdrum116

19、manynumerous （注意要跟口數(shù)名詞）117comp licatedin tricate118stra ngeodd/bizarre/ecce ntriQ 單 weird 有點(diǎn)過(guò)于口 語(yǔ)化了)119canno tbetu rn edbackbeirreversible120produceusefulresultsproductive121practicale realistic122maturesoph isticated （這個(gè)詞指人的時(shí)候意思是 思維成熟老練的）123selfishself-ce ntered/materialistic124proud （貶義）con ceited

20、125suitablefitt ing126mostsuitableoptimal127Ion ely 1 !128alonesolitary129beeasily in flue ncedbysth.besusce ptibletosth.(般是壞事情,比如adisease/attack)130isbettertha niss up eriorto131no tasgoodas isi nferiorto132bethesamebeide ntical/behomoge no us/be uniform （后 面 兩個(gè)詞比較正式，一般是說(shuō)culturalglobalization的時(shí)候常用，

21、現(xiàn)在理解 為什么校服的名詞叫schooluniformsT吧,就 是讓大家都看起來(lái)一樣的衣服）133in terest ingQ stimulati ng134bori ngmonotono us/re petitive135uselessredu ndant136smartin tellige nt137famousrenowned138po sitivezdesirable/e ncourag ing139happydelighted140enjoyabledelightful141canbeusedbeavailable142hardto un dersta ndbewiIderi ng

22、/baffli ng/confusing143(laws/rules/people)no tstrictlen ie nt144healthywholesome （注意說(shuō)人的健康還是要用 healthy,但是如果說(shuō)事物有益健康，就 可 以用 wholesome）145goodforthee nvir onmenteco-friendly (.Biki ngisfarmoreeco-frie ndlytha ndrivi ngthe irSUVs.)146n ervous/a nxiousapp rehe nsive147doubtsth.beske pticalaboutsth.148fair

23、justified149un fair音n warra nted/u niustifiable150hugeeno rmous/massive/vast/colossal151smalltiny/miniscule （后面一*般跟抽象名詞）152havema ny differe nt abilitiesbeversatile/bewell-r oun ded153befamiliarwithbewell-acqua in tedwith154verysuccessful/ad mirabledist in guished155properapprop riate156ty picalquin

24、tessential （這個(gè)語(yǔ)氣非常強(qiáng)）157exactprecise/“ accurate158uglyunsightly159po or-qualitysubsta ndard(hous in g/accommodati on/work/goods/mach in es）160thepresent thecurrent/theexisting （比如thecurre ntfinan cialcrisis/theexisti ngen viro nm entalp roblems161outdatedan tiquated/obsolete162highly-res pectedesteem

25、ed163comp lete （adj. ） /wh oleen tire164spen dalotofm oneyleada nextravaga nt/alavishlife165openenlighted/progressive （開(kāi)明的，逐步的，經(jīng) 常 用來(lái)形谷govern-men或者society ）166167withlo nghistorytime-honored （后面經(jīng)常跟抽象名詞,比如 traditio n/p ractice/methods/heritage168continuin gforeverperp etual169imp orta ntsig ni fica n

26、tesse ntialvital （這二個(gè)詞的重要 性依次遞增）170veryattractiveverya pp eali ng/fasc in ati ng/ca ptivat ing171verycarefulcautious172beveryi nterested inbeabsorbed in/bee ngrossed in173bequalifiedforbeeligiblefor174disa ppointingfrustrati ng175wrongerron eous176longan dabita nnoyi nglen gthy177verydifficultdaun t

27、i ng/formidable178beingsp read inunco n trolledwayrampant （后面經(jīng)常跟負(fù)面現(xiàn)象，比如 crime, polluti on 或者 discrimi natio n）179cruelzin huma ne/merciless180fatoverweight/obes （后面這個(gè)已經(jīng)胖出病）181hav ingwrongopini onsskewed/biase （這兩個(gè)詞一般在工ELTS媒體類話 題使用，表示有偏見(jiàn)的”182in clud in gma nythingscomprehensive （綜合的，全面的）183enoughadeq

28、uate/sufficie nt/amp le/ab undant （注意這 四個(gè)詞的語(yǔ)氣是逐漸遞增的）184toomuchexcessive185verylittleminimal （注意不是 minimum）186causebadeffectscounterproductive （其實(shí)地道英文與作里這 個(gè) 詞不見(jiàn)得和生產(chǎn)有關(guān)，只要阻止人們達(dá) 到目 的，者E 口J 以與它 counterproductive ）187strictstringent （后 面"一般£艮 laws, measure 或者 rules ）188urge ntp ress ing(p roblem

29、s)189quiettran quila ndsere ne （美語(yǔ)中這兩個(gè)詞經(jīng)?？诙?以連在一起用）動(dòng)詞190stre ngthe n/fortify/rei nforce/c on solidatesth.191weake n/erode (侵蝕)192enhance/better （很少看到國(guó)內(nèi)考生用better 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞，其實(shí)在學(xué)術(shù)與作中betters"是挺 常 見(jiàn)的表達(dá)）193aggravate/exacerbatesth.194con trol (an egati etre nd)vcurb (crime/pollution/economicrecessions)195st

30、o pcease196 managesth.regulatesth. /overseesth.197appearemerge/arisr后者的主語(yǔ)一般是抽象概念，比 如 debate）198dieoutgoexti net199failtoseen eglect/overlook200set freerelease ( prison ers/stress)201begi ncomme nce/in itiate(后者跟抽象概念更 多，比如 initiatetheconflict)202n arrow/bridgethega pbe twee nAan dB (注意這里 bridge乍動(dòng)詞)反乂

31、 wide nthega pbetwee nAandB203beforcedtodosth.beco mp elledtodosth.204'sgoal/o ne'scareer/busi ness in terests/ma mump rofit/hegem onv)206dosth.e perform/conducr 注意這里的 perform 不是 表演”而是從事”207dono tdosth.refrai nfromdoi ngsth.208carryoutimpleme nt209turn into convert to/into210decreasedecline/

32、dwindle （特指逐漸緩慢的減 少） /dip/slip （后兩個(gè)詞用來(lái)指短促的下降）211makeacrimecommitacrime （注意作乂中不要用makeacrime這樣不地道的央文）212commitacrimeaga inreverttocrime （這里的crime作不口J數(shù)名 詞）213punishpen alize214派生 Ipuni shme ntpen alty215sp readpropagate/dissem in ate (這兩 個(gè)詞后 面經(jīng)常跟 information/ideas/belief 詞）216devel op fastflourish/thri

33、ve217develop （這里作培 養(yǎng)”的意思cultivate/foster/nurture （這二個(gè)詞后面 經(jīng)常跟和教育有關(guān)的名詞，比如anin teresti nsocialissues218相關(guān)fast-develo pingburge oning219acce ptado pt （注意這個(gè)詞不是ada p適應(yīng)，而 是接納，采納的意思）220buildcon struct221gathergarner,但這個(gè)詞只能用在很正式的意 思，而且略有貶義，比如garnerfundin g,gar nersupp ortduri ngtheUNclimatec onferen ceatCo p

34、en hage n222measuregaugejb 匕 measure 稍正式一點(diǎn)223teachsth.imp artsth. /i nculcatesth.（注意女口果 teach后面是人則不要替換）224startini tiate多用于政府類話題225supportespouse后面跟某種重要的事業(yè)，類 似的 還有動(dòng)詞champion （作動(dòng)詞不是冠軍的 意思了）和動(dòng)詞sanction （它作名詞則 變成了制裁”226praisecomp lime nt/extol （后面這個(gè)語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)）227supportbuttress/bolster228pro ve/c onfirmverif

35、y229creategen erate （ 一1般是大規(guī)模的產(chǎn)生，比如 gen eratee mp loyme ntopportun ities/ge ner atetaxreve nu e/electricity） breed （ 般是 產(chǎn)生消極的東西，比如conf lie t/crime/resentment ）spawn （ 般是產(chǎn)生新事物，比如spawninven ti ons/inno vati ons ）230usezutilize/ex pl oit231use aga inrecycle232workhardworkassiduously233getacquir （注意 acq

36、uire/gainknowledge 比 learnk no wledge在地道英文中更加 常見(jiàn)）234con sidercon template/reflect on/pon der235meetencounter,多用于政府，文化或者success" 樣偏大一些的話題236p rovidesth.affordsth.（在正式英文與作中，afford經(jīng)?？梢员硎咎峁?37n eedrequire （注意主語(yǔ)如果是人稱則一般還需 要使用need,但如果主語(yǔ)是事物，則可以改用require ）238Zhavea naffin ityforsth. /haveastr on gatta

37、c hme nttosth.239beunhappyaboutcomplain about (v.)/bedisc onten dedwith( adj. )240askforrequest241raiseelevate,就是正式版的raise,但只是 提 高而不能表示撫養(yǎng)小孩的意思242looklikesth.resemblesth.243treat poorlymistreat /abuse 244con sidersth.valuablevaluesth. /treasuresth. /cherishsth245kee pmaintain/preserv”這個(gè) 詞 后 面經(jīng)常跟 trad

38、itio ns/culturalheritage/wilda nimals/n aturalresource 等)246mix togetherble nd/comb ine/syn thesize247solvetackle/combat/address248n oticediscer n249understand tomean /tobe -in terpretas艮多時(shí)候這個(gè)詞并不 是口譯，而是把理解為）250choosesth. /choosetodos th.op tforsth. / op ttodosth.251achievefulfill ( on e" sdream

39、/ on e,sgoal/on e's poten tial/o ne' sobligatio n/on e's promise/o ne" stask)252app eari nl arge nu mberssproutup/mushroom253make lessserio usrelieve/ease/alleviat 文中經(jīng)常用到的搭配 有 relievestress/alleviate po verty/easethetrafficc on gestion 等)254pay for (on e'slo ss)compensate for 25

40、5pay -for(on e' sef fort)reward 一 for 256acceleratesth. /s peed up sth.257joinp artici pate in258outweightprevailover （大豕應(yīng)該已經(jīng)注意到，新托福 議論文的題目中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)outweight這個(gè)詞用 來(lái) 比較事物的重要性或者利弊，在作文中最好不 要重復(fù)考題中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的特征詞匯）259con tributetopromote/faciIitate （這兩個(gè)詞都是及物動(dòng)詞，所以不需要跟to）260p reve ntthedevelopmentof hinder/impede/i

41、nhibit/obstru t261fin doutzide ntify262 263adoresth.264abhor/detest/loathe265haterese nt/holdagrudgeaga inst266limitrestrict/c on strain267avoidQ byp ass/eschew/sh un268isno tlimitedto-isn otrestrictedto/isnotconfin e (經(jīng)常用269besosur prisedbeast oni shed/beasto un ded/bestartled270decidedeterm ine271

42、moveto relocateto /havebee nrelocatedto 272comefrom origi natefrom/i n273imp roveboost/enhance (比女 口 boostsolidarity 增進(jìn)團(tuán)結(jié) /enhancep roductivity 提 圖生廣，率)274wasteuselavishly275attackassail （語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)烈）276reducecurtail （多用于政府投資類話題）/diminish （多 用于文化類或者發(fā)展類中的抽象話題）277in creaseaugment （多用于政府投資類話題）278hel passist2

43、79hel p (n.)assista nee280setu pestablish281trytodosth.atte mp ttodosth.282tryhardtodosth.makeastre nu ous/a narduous/a pai nstaki ngeffortt odosth.283changealter284cha nge alotfun dame ntallycha nge/radicallycha ngesform 285solveaddress/combat286correct (vt.)rectify(amistake)287takedow ndemolish/ra

44、ze （談到拆老建筑的時(shí)候常用）288obeyabideby/com pl ywith/co nformto(后面跟 thelaw/rules/regulati ons 等)289banban* altogether/strictlyprohibit290criticizecondemn/denoun ce （這兩個(gè)詞一'般用于政府 類話 題，但不要用在教育類）291in creaseshowa nup wardtre nd/be on theris 反 乂： showadow nwardtre nd292dependonhingeon=becontingenton (意思、是： 取決

45、于.)293dependonrelyon （意思是：依靠.）294dealwithcop ewith295doon e'sbesttodos mit on eselftodoi ngsth. /strivetodosth./do one" sutmosttodosth. /s pareno efforttodosth.296use upexhaust (e nergy/resources)/stretch (resources)tol helimit297repo rtthedetailso fsth.298focusingon 299spendAonBdedic

46、ateAtoB300usetoomuch stretch tothelimit/pu tastrai non301pourdischarge (排放，環(huán)境類話題常用，比如 dischargechemicalwastei ntorivers, streamsa ndla kes)302getusedtogetaccustomedto303dieoutgoexti net304con ti nu etoexistp ersist305comewith beattendedby/beiccompaniedby 306broade non e'shor izonsexpandon soutlo

47、ok/e nl arge on e'svisi on( broade non e5 shorizo n這個(gè)句型已經(jīng)被考生使用過(guò)多 慘 遭貶值)307breakthelawviolatethelaw308in carceratesb.309makelawsaga ins tlegislateaga inst310相關(guān)lawlegislation （名詞,注意law在特指具體的法律 時(shí)可以用復(fù)數(shù)，但是legislation不能用復(fù)數(shù)）311stimulate (后面經(jīng)常跟imagi natio n/creativity/i nterest/eco nomi cgrowth等詞匯)312ma

48、ke on e'sdream cometruefulfillo ne's pote ntial/attai non e'sgoal313havetherighttodo sth.bee ntitledtodosth.314leadtocha ngeinactasacatalystfor(hangein 315sticktoadhereto/cli ngto （注意后面這個(gè)有時(shí)候略帶貶 義）316dealwiththe needmeetthedema nd/satisfythe need317take awayfrom sb.（省略號(hào)中可以填入freedom/leisur

49、etime/therighttc 等值得擁有的內(nèi) 容）318319getaclearideaofgetaclear persp ectiveof320belostgoastray （作文中如果寫青少年誤入歧途”， 就不要再寫getlost）321spen dtoomuchti meonbeaddictedto/be preocc upi edwith/beobsessedw h （這 三個(gè)詞組的語(yǔ)氣越來(lái)越強(qiáng)）322prep arefor Pavethewayfor Vlaythegroundworkfor.olidfou ndatio nfor （為打好基石出）323breakthebala

50、neeup setthebala nee324bala nceAa ndBstrikeabala ncebetwee nAan dB 在 A 和 B 之間爭(zhēng)取 一種平衡）325catchcap ture326thin kof asregard as/view as/perceive as327Get rid ofElimi nate/remove328getridofabolish （多用于政府類話題，廢除）329make- higherdriveup （后 面經(jīng)常 thecrimerate/unemploymen trate330morea ndmore+a dj.Increasingly+

51、adj.但要注意如果后面不是adj.而是 nou n那么就可以用anin creas in gnu mberof （跟"J 數(shù)名詞）/anin creas in gam oun tof （跟不可數(shù)名詞）來(lái)代 替副詞331main lyp rimarily/prin ci pally/chiefly332In theolddays,Traditio nally,/Historically,333nowcurre ntly334Actually, e Tech ni cally,（嚴(yán)格來(lái)說(shuō)它的意思并不是 事 實(shí)上”，但在學(xué)術(shù)寫作中它是一個(gè)表示精確 地說(shuō)”非常幫的詞語(yǔ)）335veryso

52、onimmediately336no tofte natallrarely337completelyen tirely338339bli ndlyindiscriminately （不力口選擇的）/mechanically （機(jī)械的）340onlymerely （注意只有alittle/abit后面跟形谷詞的 時(shí)候才可以這樣替換）341alittle/abitsomewhat （注意只有alittle/abit后面跟形谷詞 的 時(shí)候才可以這樣替換）342main lyprimarily/pri ncipallv/chieflv短語(yǔ)&句子''343aboutregard! ng/