2015年12月四級(jí)(第二套)大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題卷

1、巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 1-2015 年 12 月四級(jí)（第二套）大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題卷part listeningcomprehensionsectionbquestions9 to11 arebased on theconversationyou have justheard9.a) from thewanted column.b) from some ofherfriends.c) from a telephonedirectory.d) from a televisioncommercial.10.a) she receivedfull-timeeducationabroad.b)

2、she graduatedfromanopenuniversity.c) she finishedhersecondaryschool.d) she studiedina vocationalcollege.11.a) she isa shorthand-typist.b) she works as a tourguide.c) she isa policewoman.d) she teachesan eveningclass.questions12 to15 are based on theconversationyou have justheard.12.a) itprovideshim

3、withcareeropportunities.b)ithelpsenlargehiscustomernetwork.c) ithas been offand on fortenyears.d)itwas interpretedforfouryears.13.a) individualservice.b) home-madebeer.c) traditionalsetting.d) socialgames.14.a) the qualityofbeer.b) the atmosphere.c) the owners attitude.d) the rightlocation.15.a) iti

4、sa rathertoughjob.b) itisa profitablebusiness.c) ithelpsoldpeoplekilltime.d) itmakes retireesfeeluseful.passage onequestions16 to18 arebased on thepassage you have justheard.16.a) itisbecoming increasinglypopular.b)ithelpstheusertoescape巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 2-reality.c) itgivesrisetoserioussocialinstabi

5、lity.d) ithurtsa person and thosearoundthem.17.a) they use drugsjustforfun.b) they takedrugstogethigh.c) they use drugsas medicine.d) they keep druguse a secret.18.a) itisquitecommoninentertainmentcircles.b) itisthecause of varioussocialproblems.c) itishard togetridof.d) itisfataltotheuser.passage t

6、woquestions19 to22 arebased on theconversationyou have justheard.19.a) takingup exercisesafterrecovery.b)producingtastyhealthyfrozenfood.c) findingnew ways tocureheartdisease.d) going on a dietupon leavingthehospital.20.a) itwas carefullytestedwithconsumers.b)itwaspromotedbyhealthorganizations.c) it

7、was disapprovedby many dietexperts.d) itwas highlyexpectedby thegeneralpublic.21.a) competitiveprice.b) low expectations.c) vigorouspromotion.d) unique ingredients.22.a) itwas suggestedby thefirm s vice-president.b) itmatches thefoods dark greenpackaging.c) ithas a positiveimplicationforconsumers.d)

8、 ittrickstheeldersintoimpulsepurchasing.passage threequestions23 to25 arebased on theconversationyou have justheard.23.a) itispracticalinmost ofthestates.b) itwillbe abolishedsoonerorlater.巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 3-c) ithas drawn a lotofcriticismfromoverseas.d) ithas tobe approvedby thesupreme court.24.a)

9、whether thepracticeshouldbe allowedto continueinthefuture.b) whether thereshouldbe a minimum age limitforexecution.c) what typeofcriminalsshouldreceiveit.d) what effectitmighthave on youngsters.25.a) the courtsentencedhim tolifeinprisonforkillingtwo friends.b) the governorchanged hisdeathsentencetol

10、ifeinprison.c) he was thefirstminorto be executedinsouth carolina.d) he was sentencedtodeathfora crimehe committedas a minor.partiiireading comprehensionsectionafor many americans,2013 ended withan unusuallybittercold spell.novemberand december36earlysnow and bone-chillingtemperaturesin muchof the c

11、ountry,partof a year when, forthe firsttimeintwo37, record-colddays willlikelyturnouttohave outnumberedrecord-warmones.but theu.s.was theexception:november was the warmest ever38, and currentdata indicatesthat2013 is likelytohave been thefourthhottestyearon record.enjoythesnow now, because39aregood

12、that2014 willbe even hotter,perhaps the hottestyear sincerecordshave been kept.thats because,scientistsarepredicting,2014 willbe an ei ni?oyear.ei ni?o,spanishfor“thechild ”,40when surfaceocean watersinthesouthernpacificbecome abnormallywarm. so largeisthe pacific,covering30%oftheplanet s surface,th

13、atthe41energygeneratedby itswarming isenough totouchoffa seriesofweatherchanges aroundtheworld.ei ninosare42withabnormallydry conditionsin southeastasia and australia.they can lead to extremerainin partsof northand south america,even as southernafrica43dry weather.巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 4-marinelifemay be

14、 affectedtoo;eini?oscan44therisingofthecold,nutrient-rich( 營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的)waterthatsupportslargefish45,and theunusuallywarm ocean temperaturescan destroycoral( 珊瑚).a) additionalb) associatedc) bored) chancese) communicatedf) decadesg) experiencesh) globallyi)logicallyj)occursk) populationsl) realizem) reduce

15、n) sawo) specificsectionbhow toeat wella whydo so manyamericans eat tons of processedfood,the stuffthatiscorrectlycalledjunk( 垃圾) and shouldreallycarrywarninglabels?bit s not because freshingredientsare hard to comeby supermarketsoffermorevarietythanever,and thereareover fourtimesas many famersmarke

16、tsintheu.s. as therewere 20 years ago. nor isitforlackof availableinformation.thereare plentyof recipes( 食譜),how-to videosand cookingclassesavailableto anyonewho has a computer,smartphoneortelevision.ifanythingtheinformationisoverwhelming.cand yet we arent cooking.ifyou eatthreemeals a day and behav

17、e likemostamericans,you probablyget at leasta thirdof your dailycalories( 卡路里) outsidesthe home. nearlytwo-thirdsof us grab fastfood once a week, and we get almost25%of our dailycaloriesfrom snacks.so we reeatingout or takingin,and we dont sitdown orwe do,buthurry.d shouldnt preparing and consumingf

18、oodbe a source of comfort,pride,health,well-being,relaxation,sociability?somethingthatconnectsus to otherhumans?whyshouldwe want to outsource( 外包) thisbasictask,especiallywhen outsourcingitisso harmful?ewhenitalkaboutcooking,i m nottalkingaboutcreatingelaboratedinnerpartiesor three-dayscienceproject

19、s.i m talkingabout simple,easy,everyday巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 5-meals.my missionistoencouragegreen hands and thoselackingtimeor money tofeed themselves.that means we need modest,realisticexpectation,and we need toteachpeopletocook foodthat s good enough to sharewithfamilyand friends.f perhaps a returnto r

20、eal cooking neednt be faroff.arecentharrispollrevealedthat79%of americans say they enjoycookingand 30% “l(fā)oveit ”; 14%admitto notenjoyingkitchenwork and just7%won t go near thestoveat all.but thisdoesnt necessarilytranslatetorealcookingand theresultofthissurveyshouldn tsurpriseanyone;52%of those 65 o

21、r oldercook at homefiveor more timesper week;onlya thirdofyoung peopledo.gback inthe1950s most of us grew up inhouseholdswhere momcooked virtuallyeverynight.the intentiontoput a home-cooked meal on thetablewas prettymuchuniversal.most peoplecouldn t affordtodo otherwise.h althoughfrozendinnerswere i

22、nventedin the 40s, theirpopularitydidn t boomuntiltelevisionsbecame populara decadeorsolater.sincethenpackaged,pre-preparedmeals have been whatsfordinner.the microwave and fast-foodchainswere the biggestcatalysts( 催化劑 ),butthebig food companieswhichwant to sellanythingexcepttheraw ingredientsthatgo

23、intocooking made thehome cook anendangeredspecies.istill,i finditstrangethatonly a thirdof young people reportpreparingmealsat homeregularly.isn t thisthe same crowd thatrailsagainstprocessed junkandchampions craftcooking?and isn t thisthe generationwho say they reconcernedabouttheirhealthand the we

24、e-beingof theplanet?iftheseare trulythe valuesofmany young people,thentierbehaviordoesnt match theirbeliefs.jthere have been half-heartedbut well-publicizedeffortsby some food campaignsto reduce caloriesin theirprocessedfoods,but the standardamerican diet is stillthepolaroppositeofthe healthy,mostly

25、plant-baseddietthatjustabouteveryexpertsays weshouldbe eating.consideringthatthe governmentsstandardsare notnearlyambitiousenough, thepictureisclear:by norcookingat home, we renoteatingtherightthings,and theconsequencesare hardtooverstate.巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 6-kto helpquantify( 量化) the costsof a poor d

26、iet,i recentlytriedto estimatethisimpactinterms of a most famous food,the burger( 漢堡包 ).i concludedthatthe profitfrom burgersismore than offset( 抵消) by the damagethey cause in healthproblemsand environmentalharm.lcooking realfood is the best defensenotto mention thatany meal youre likelytoeatathome

27、containsabout200 fewercaloriesthanone you wouldcatinarestaurant.mto thoseamericansforwhommoney isa concern,my adviceissimple;buy whatyou can afford,and cook ityourself.the commonprescriptionisto primarilyshopthegrocerystore,sincethat s where freshproduce,meat and seafood,and dairyare.and to save mon

28、eyand stilleat wellyou dont need localorganicingredients;allyou need isrealfood.i mnot sayinglocalfood isn tbetter,itis.but thereisplentyofdecentfoodinthegrocerystores.nthe othersectionsyou shouldgetto know are the frozenfoodsand thecannedgoods.frozenproduceisstillproduce;canned tomatoesare stilltom

29、atoes.justmakesure youre gettingrealfood withouttons of added saltor sugar.ask yourself,would grandma considerthisfood? does itlooklikesomethingthatmightoccurinnature?it s prettymuch commonsense:you want tobuy food,notunidentifiablefoodlikeobjects.oyou dont have to hitthegrocerystoredaily,nor do you

30、 need an abundanceof skill.since fewer than halfof americanssay they cook at an intermediateleveland only20% describetheircookingskillsasadvanced,thecrisisisone ofconfidence.and the onlyremedy forthatispractice.theres nothingmysteriousaboutcookingtheeveningmeal.you justhave todo a littlethinkingahea

31、d andredefinewhat qualifiesas dinner.likeany skill,cookinggetseasieras you doitmore; everytime you cook,you advance yourlevelof skills,.somedayyou won t even need recipes.my adviceisthatyou not pay attentionto the number of stepsand ingredients,because theycan be deceiving.ptime, i realize,isthebigg

32、estobstacleto cookingformost people.you must巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 7-adjustyou prioritiesto findtimeto cook.for instance,you can move a tv to thekitchenand watch your favoriteshows whileyourestandingatthesink.no oneisaskingyou togiveup activitiesyou like,butifyourewatchingfood showson tv, trycookinginstea

33、d.46. cooking benefitspeople in manyways and enables them to connect withone another.47.abundant informationaboutcookingisavailableeitheronlineoron tv.48.young peopledo lesscookingathome thantheelderlythesedays.49.cooking skillscan be improvedwithpractice.50. in the mid-20thcentury,most familiesate

34、dinnerat homeinsteadof eatingout.51.even thoseshortof timeor money shouldbe encouragedto cook forthemselvesand theirfamily.52.eatingfoodnotcooked by ourselvescan cause seriousconsequences53.to eatwelland stillsave money, peopleshouldbuy freshfoodand cook itthemselves.54.wegeta fairlylargeportionofca

35、loriesfromfastfoodand snacks.55.the popularityoftv ledtothepopularityoffrozenfood.sectioncpassage onethe walletisheadingforextinction.as a day-to-dayessential,itwilldieoffwiththe generationwho read printnewspapers.the kindof shopping-whereyouhand over notes and countout change in return now happens

36、onlyinthe most minorof our retailencounters ，likebuyinga bar ofchocolateor a pintof milkfrom acomer shop. at theshops where you spend any realmoney, thatmoneyisincreasinglyabstracted.and thisismore and more true,the higherup thescaleyou go. at themost cutting-edgeretailstores victoriabeckham on dove

37、r street,forinstanceyou dont go and standat any kindof cash registerwhen you decideto pay.thestaffare equippedwithipadsto takeyourpayment whileyou relaxon a sofa.which isnothingmore or lessthan excellentservice,ifyou have themoney.巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 8-but acrosssociety,theabstractionof theideaofcash m

38、akes me uneasy.maybe i mjustold-fashioned.but earningmoney isn t quickor easy formost ofus.isn t ita bitweirdthatspendingitshouldhappen inhalfa blink( 眨眼) ofan eye?doesn t a wallet thattime-honoredfriday-nightfeelingofpleasing,promisingfatness representsomethingthatmatters?but i llleavethe economics

39、 to theexperts.what bothersmeaboutthedeathof the walletisthechange itrepresentsin our physicalenvironment.everythingabout the lookand feelofa wallet theway the fasteningsand materialswear andtearand loosen withage, the plasticand paper and gold and silver,and handwrittenphone numbers and printedcine

40、ma ticketsisthe veryoppositeofwhat our worldisbecoming. the oppositeof a walletis a smartphone of an ipad.the rounded edges,coolglass,smooth and unknowableas pebble( 鵝卵石 ).insteadofdiggingthroughpiecesofpaper and peeringintocorners,we move our fingersleftand right.nomore countingout coins.showyour w

41、allet,ifyou stillhave one. itmaynot be heremuch longer.questions56 to60 are based on thefollowingpassage.56.what ishappeningtothewallet?a) itisdisappearing.b) itisbeingfattened.c) itisbecoming costly.d)itischanginginstyle.57.how arebusinesstransactionsdone inbigmodern stores?a) individually.b) elect

42、ronically.c) intheabstract.d) via acash register.58.what makes theauthorfeeluncomfortablenowadays?a) savingmoney isbecoming a thingofthepast.b) the pleasingfriday-nightfeelingisfading.c) earningmoney isgettingmore difficult.d) spendingmoney isso fastand easy.59. whydoes the authorchoose to writeabou

43、twhats happeningto the wallet?巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 9-a) itrepresentsa change inthemodern world.b) ithas somethingtodo witheverybodys life.c) itmarks theend ofa time-honoredtradition.d) itistheconcernofcontemporaryeconomists.60.what can we inferfromthepassage abouttheauthor?a) he isresistanttosocialchang

44、es.b) he isagainsttechnologicalprogress.c) he feelsreluctanttopartwiththetraditionalwallet.d) he fellsinsecureintheever-changingmodern world.passage twoeverybodysleeps,butwhat peoplestayup latetocatch orwake up earlyinordernot to missvariesby culture.from data collected,itseemsthe thingsthatcause us

45、 to lose the most sleep,on average,are sportingevents,timechanges,andholidays.around the world,peoplechanged sleeppatternsthankstothe startor end ofdaylightsavingstime.russians,forexample,began to wake up abouta half-hourlatereach day afterpresidentvladimirputinshiftedthecountrypermanentlyto“wintert

46、ime ”startingon october26.russias otherlatenightsand earlymorningsgenerallycorrespondto publicholidays.on new years eve, russianshave the world s latestbedtime,hittingthehay ataround3:30am.russiansalsogetup an hour lateron internationalwomen s day, the day fortreatingand celebratingfemalerelatives.s

47、imilarly,americanslatenightslatemornings,and longestsleepsfallonthree-dayweekends.canada got the leastsleepof theyear the nightitbeat sweden in theolympichockey ( 冰球) final.the world cupis also chieflyresponsiblefor sleep deprivation( 剝奪),the worst巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 10 -nightforsleepintheu.k.was theni

48、ghtoftheengland-italymatch on june 14.britsstayedup a half-hourlaterto watch it,and then theywoke up earlierthanusual the next morning thanks to summernights,the phenomenonin which the sun barelysetsinnortherncountriesinthesummertime.that was nothing,though,comparedto germans, italians,and the frenc

49、h,who stayedup around an hour and a halflateron variousdays throughoutthesummer towatch thecup.itshouldbe made clearthatnoteveryonehas a deviceto recordtheirsleeppatterns,insome of thesenations,it s likelythatonlytherichestpeopledo.and people who electto tracktheirsleepmaytryto get more sleepthan th

50、e averageperson.even ifthat s thecase,though,theabove findingsare stillstriking.ifthe most health-consciousamong us have such deep swings inour shut-eyelevelsthroughouttheyear,how much sleeparetherestofus losing?questions61 to65 are based on thefollowingpassage.61.what does theauthorsay aboutpeoples

51、 sleepinghabits?a) they are culture-relatedb) they affectpeoples health.c) they change withtheseasons.d)theyvaryfrompersontoperson.62.what do we learnabouttherussiansregardingsleep?a) they dont fallasleepuntilverylate.b) they dont sleepmuch onweekends.c) they get lesssleepon publicholidays.d) they s

52、leeplongerthan peopleelsewhere.63.what isthemajorcause foreuropeanslossofsleep?a) the daylightsavingstime.b) the colorfulnightlife.c) the world cup.d) the summertime.64.what is the most probablereason forsomerichpeople to use a deviceto recordtheirpatterns?a) they have troublefallingasleep.b)they wa

53、nttogetsufficientsleep.巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 11 -c) they are involvedin a sleep research.d) they want to go to bed on regularhours.65.what does theauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?a) sleeplessnessdoes harm topeoples health.b) few peoplereallyknow theimportanceofsleep.c) itisimportanttostudyoursleeppatterns.

54、d) averagepeopleprobablysleeplessthantherich.2015 年 12 月四級(jí)聽力原文part1 短對(duì)話question1- m ： doyou remember the wonderfulfilmon space explorationwewatched togetherlastmonth？- w ： sure。it s actuallythe most impressiveone i ve seen on thattopic 。q ：what do we learnaboutthespeakers ？question2-w ： are you look

55、ingforanythinginparticular？- m ： yes。 myson is graduatingfrom high school ， and i want to get him somethingspecial 。q ：where does theconversationmost probablytakeplace ？question3- m ： mike toldme yesterdaythathe had been lookingin vainfora job intheartgallery 。- w ： really ？ifi remember right ， he h

56、ad a chance to work there ， but he turneditdown 。q ：what does thewomansay aboutmike？question4-w ： would you liketocome tosusans birthdaypartytomorrowevening ？巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 12 - m ： i m goingto givea lecturetomorrow。iwish i couldbe intwo placesatthesame time 。q ：what does theman mean ？question5-w

57、： arent you discouragedby theslowprogressyourstaffismaking？-m ： yes。i thinki willgivethem a deadlineand holdthem toit 。q ：what istheman probablygoingtodo？question6- w ： excuse me 。 could you tellme where thevisitorsparkingis ？ i leftmy carthere 。-m ： sure。it s inlotc。 over thatway。q ：what does thewo

58、manwant to know ？question7-w ： you lookgreat ！now thatyouvetakenthosefitnessclasses 。-m ： thanks。i ve neverfeltbetterinmy life。q ：what does theman mean ？question8-w ： ireallyadmiretheefficiencyofyour secretaries。- m ： our company selectsonly the best 。they have a heave workloadand wegivethem a lotof

59、responsibilities。q ：what arethespeakerstalkingabout？part2 長(zhǎng)對(duì)話conversion1w ： hi leo， why do you say englishwould become theworldlanguage？m ： well。for one thing ，it s so commonly used，the onlylanguagethatisused by more peopleischinese。w ： why isenglishspoken by so many people？m ： it sspoken inmanycoun

60、triesof the worldbecause of the britishempire。and now ofcourseistheinfluenceofamericaas well 。巨微英語四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微！- 13 -w ： many studentsfindenglisha difficultlanguagetolearn 。m ： oh ， alllanguages are difficultto learn 。 but englishdoes have two greatestadvantages。w ： what are they ？m ： well，firstof all