(完整word版)初中狀語從句講解及習(xí)題附答案

1、（一）狀語從句概述定義狀語從句用作狀語，是起副詞作用的句子。位置狀語從句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后， 時間、條件、原因和讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用 逗號和主句扁開。分類根據(jù)其作用可以分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、 讓步、方式和比較等狀語從句。作用它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語和整個句 子。（二）狀語從句詳解1.時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例whe n意為當?shù)臅r候。When 引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動詞可以 是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是 瞬間動詞。并且 when 有 時表示“就在那時”A liar is not believed when hespeaks the truth.說謊者講真話

2、時也沒有人相信。When he arrives, I II call you.When you laugh and smile, yourwhile意為“在的時候，在 的同時”。While 引導(dǎo)從句 的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性 的，發(fā)生時間較長，并強 調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時 發(fā)生（或者相對應(yīng)）。While 有時還可以表示對比。While I was standing at thewindow, I saw several boysrunning along the street.While Joh n was watchi ng TV, hiswife was cook ing.as意為一邊一邊。

3、As 引導(dǎo)的動作是延續(xù)性 的， 發(fā)生時間較短，一般 用于主句和從句動作同時 發(fā)生；as 也可以強調(diào)一前 一后。The writer was angry as he wastravelling on a train to Londonbecause some one had inv adedhisspace .He smiled as he stood up.after意為在之后。表示主 句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之 后。主句與從句的動作時 間關(guān)系與 before引導(dǎo)的從 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting,don stay too long at your t

4、ableafter you have fini shed.If an early exit is necessary, youcan leave after a sce ne is over.before意為“在之前”。引導(dǎo)的 從句不用否定形式的謂 語，并且當before引導(dǎo)的 從句位于主句之后，有時 譯成“就，才”。當主句用 將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在 時；如果 before 引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是過去時，則 主句動詞多用過去完成 時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作的 先后。You can t watch TV before youfinish your homework.Before it en ded, t

5、he theatre wasalmost empty.My father had left for Canada justbefore the letter arrived.till意為“直到”。一般情況下 可以和 until 互換。如果王 句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動 詞時，必須用否定形式； 如果主句中的謂語動詞是She didn even know that it wasan earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side)light.The firema n worked very hard延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和 否定形

6、式都可以，但表達 的意思不同。till the fire was out.un til意為“直到”。在強調(diào)句型 中多用 until。如果主句中 的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞 時，必須用否定形式；如 果主句中的謂語動詞是延 續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和否 定形式都可以，但表達的 意思不同。I mwaiting for my sister. I wongo to see my uncle until shecomes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.sin ce意為“自從，從以來”。 引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動詞可以 是延續(xù)性的動詞， 也可以 是瞬時動詞。一般情況下， 從句謂語動詞用

7、一般過去 時，而主句的謂語動詞用 現(xiàn)在完成時。 但在It is + 時間+since 從句的句型 中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。I have bee n study ing hard since Ien tered the high school.It is four years since my sisterlived in Beiji ng.It is five years mon ths since ourboss was not in Beiji ng.as soon as意為“一就”。引導(dǎo)時 間狀語從句時，如果主句 用了將來時，從句一般使 用現(xiàn)在時。Tom will call me as

8、soon as hegets home.I will call you as soon as I arrive.2.地點狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例where意為哪里。where 引導(dǎo) 的地點狀語從句，（there+）Where there is a will, there is away.主句”“哪里哪里就”。主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；主句在從句的 前面時，一般都不用 there.They were good persons.Where they went, there theywere warmly welcomed.You should have put the bookwher

9、e you found it.wherever意為“無論何地”。anywhere/wherever 弓丨導(dǎo)地點狀語從句+主句。any where 本身是個副詞，但 是?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當于 連詞，意思相當于 wherever, anywhere 引導(dǎo)的從句可位 于主句之前，也可以位于主 句之后。而wherever 本身就 是個連詞，表示“在何處， 無論何處”。Wherever the sea is, you willfind seama n.I II go any where you go.3條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例if連詞， 意為“假如， 如果”。當主句是將來時的時候， 從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時

10、。Don t talk loudly at the meeting. Ifyou do, you will have to leave.We ll go for a picnic if it doesn train this weekend.uni ess連詞，意為除非（=if not）。當主句是將來時的 時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在 時。Don t discuss the problems withyour part ner uni ess you areasked to do so.I won t go there uni ess you comewith me.4原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as

11、意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)原因狀 語從句時表示附帶。說明“雙方已知的原因”，語氣比 since 弱，較為正式， 位置較為靈活（常放于主 句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay athome.As it is raining, you cbetter take ataxi.As you are tired, you Cbetter rest.si nee意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)的原因 狀語從句一般放于主句之 前表示已知的、顯然的理 由（通常被翻譯成“既 然”） ， 較為正式，語氣比 because 弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the

12、sun can shi ne on only half of it at atime.Since the race is in April, I had torun throughout the win ter, and inBost on, wi nters are cold.Since everybody is here. Lets begin our meeti ng.because意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)的原因 狀語從句一般放于主句之 后，表述直接原因，語氣 較強，最適合 why 引導(dǎo)的 疑問句。Because引導(dǎo)的 原因狀語從句有時可以與 because of 短語互換。The woman

13、 prefers winterbecause she can skate.I dlike to collect stamps becausethey are in teresti ng.I mvery tired these days becauseof study ing physics.He can t come because he is ill.=He can t come because of his illness.for意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句并不說明主句行 為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提He must be ill, for he is abse nttoday.供一些輔助性的

14、補充說 明，for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從 句只能放于主句之后，并 且必須用逗號將其與主句 隔開。He could not have see n me, for Iwas not there.5目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例so that意為“以至，以便”。目 的狀語的謂語常含有 may, might,can, could, should, would等情態(tài)動 ?詞。Try to speak loud eno ugh so thatpeople can hear you clearly.Mr. Gree n speaks very loudly sothat all the people can hear

15、 himclearly.in orderthat意為“為了”，相當于 sothat. in order to 后面可以 跟動詞原形構(gòu)成目的狀 語，不是目的狀語從句。We shall let you know the detailssoon in order that you can/maymake a arran geme nts.6.結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例so that意為如此以至于。so+ adj./ad v 原級 +that, so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞和副 詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形 容詞many, few, much, little（這四個形容詞表示多 或少時）連用,形成固定

16、搭 配。so+ many 或 few+復(fù)數(shù) 可數(shù)名詞+that; so+ much或This year it has rained soheavily in South China that lotsof problems are caused.The ice on the lake was so thinthat people couldn t skate on it.Too ofte n, we spe nd so muchtime thinking about the futurethat we fail to enjoy thelittle+不可數(shù)名詞+that.prese nt.Th

17、ere are so few no tebooksthat I can t give you any.such.that意為如此以至于。It such a wonderful song有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：that we all like it.such+a(a n)+adj.+單 數(shù)不可Sim on is such dish on est數(shù)名詞 +that; such(+adj.)+不pers on that no one believes可數(shù)名詞 +that; such( + adj.)him.+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that, suchThe boy is so young that he是形容詞，修飾名

18、詞或名詞can go to school.= He is詞組。有時可與 sothat 句such a young boy that he型轉(zhuǎn)換。can t go to school.7讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例though意為雖然。不能和 butSo it has lived up to now連用。但是可以同 yet（still）though it isnt strong at all.連用，構(gòu)成Though they are twinthough yet(still). though 較brothers, they don t look普遍，常用于非正式的口語each other.和書面語

19、中。even 能和Even if/ Even though wethough 組合表示強調(diào)，在這could afford it, we would里 even though=even if(noafford it, we wouldn tgomatter if; though 即使 也）though 可以獨立用作 副詞，常放在句末， 意為 all the same （還是；仍然） 或 however （可是； 然而）。abroad for our vacati on.although意為雖然。不能和 butAlthough he died several連用。但是可以同 yet(still)

20、連用，構(gòu)成although yet(still)although 較為正式，語氣比though重，常用以強調(diào)讓步概念。even不能和 although 組合。years ago, I can still rememberthe days we spe nt together andwhat he has taught me aboutlove.Although we had little food withus, we decided to spe nd the night in the car.8.比較狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as as.意為和一樣。表示同She is very good at

21、 pain ti ng.級的比較。使用時要注意She can paint as well as here第一個 as 為副詞，第二個teacher.as 為連詞。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：I ran out as quickly asas+adj./adv 原級 +as。若有 修飾成分，如 twice, three times,half, a quarter 等, 則 須置于第一個 as 之前。possible.not as /意為“和不一樣，不如”。She is not so (as ) outgo ing asso as也表示同級比較。her sister.This dictionary is not

22、 as/souseful as you thi nk.9方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as/(just)as.so意為猶如，就像。引Whe n in Rome, do as the導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常Roma ns do.位于主句后，但在As water is to fish, so air is(just)as.so 結(jié)構(gòu)中位于to man.句首，這時 as 從句帶有 比喻的含義，意為“正 如，就像”，多用于正 式文體。as if/ as though意為“就像，好像”。兩 者的意義和用法相同，引 出的狀語從句謂語多用 虛擬語氣，表示與事實相 反，有時也用陳述語氣， 表示所說情況疋事實或 實現(xiàn)的

23、可能性較大。常譯 作“仿佛似的， 好像似的”。If would n ever forget heresmile, or the way her eyesshone as if we were the sameage.It looks as if the weather maypick up very soon.練習(xí)一一.單項填空1. _ he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he_to play basketball with us?-1 th

24、ink he will come if he_free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child_ into the water and can t swim, the dolphins maycome up_him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls;help ing4. I don t remember_he worked in

25、that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt_to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the trafficlights turned green.A. not; before B. don t; whenC. not to; until D. not; aft

26、er7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with mybike.A. when B. that C. until D. because8. I ll go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you willmake.B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fe

27、wer D.more careful; less10. You should finish your lessonsA. before B. after C. whenA. since B. so that C. as ifquestions.A. which B. that C. where13. The teacher raised his voiceall the students could hear him.A. for B. so that C. because D. in orderA. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that w

28、e d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17._ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18._ the d

29、ay went on, the weather got worse.11. I hurriedI wouldn t be late for class.12. When you read the book, you d better make a markyou have anyA. careful; littleyou go out to play.D. whileD. unlessD. though14. He took off his coathe felt hot.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19._ well you can drive, you m

30、ust drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 二. 根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1. 不管他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不生氣。I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me.2. 布魯斯太太對學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她當做母親。Mrs Bruce was _ kind to h

31、er students _ they _ her_ their mother.3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ wetry our best.4. 你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.5. 這個七歲的女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅持練習(xí)兩年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ shehas kept prac

32、ticing for two years.6. 雖然她很忙，他還堅持自學(xué)英語。_ _ _ _, she kept on learning English byherself.7. 他長大后相當一名記者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _ .8. 無論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們的老師總是第一個到校。_ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻，世界將會變得更美好_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the

33、world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天沒來上學(xué)，因為他病了。Li Ming didn t come to school _ _ _ _ .練習(xí)二1. The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if2 .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until3. I wont

34、believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4 .He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A. didnt go; until; withB. wasnt go; after; toC. doesnt go; before; withD. didnt go; until; to5 .He _ back until the work _ done.A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. won

35、t be; will be D. wont be; is6 .They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave

36、 D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought .D. has had; was bought 11. When he got to the station, the tr

37、ain _.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13._ We _ TV when the telephone .A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching;rang14. By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. ha

38、d finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; goneC. havent seen; have; been D.havent seen; have; gone16. Tom_ China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been

39、at17. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he _ for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19. I _ him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D

40、. will know20. Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21. Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if22 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so2

41、3. _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in thestudy of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After25. Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. The

42、re are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4.A. both; and B. so; that C. either; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we dont. At least, not_yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than

43、 D. /; than29. Iron is more useful _ any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I want to know _ she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. Ill go to see the film with you_I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33. _ you study harder, youll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34. Although it was raining, still worked in the f