語法輔導(dǎo)課件-Modalverbs

1、 There are things that _ be done That are not yet begun Things that I _ do When I want to be with you Although we _ be far apart You _ be with be in my heart No one else _ do I just want to be with you I want to be with you _ you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me,

2、my lovemustmustwillwillwillCant The two of us _ be one Mother of my son No one else _ do I just want to be with you I want to be with you _ you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my lovewillmustCan Discovering useful structures - Modal VerbsModal verbs can, could m

3、ay, might must/have to need dare will/would shall/should/ought to1. 情態(tài)動詞有一定的意義情態(tài)動詞有一定的意義,表示或暗示某種情緒或態(tài)度表示或暗示某種情緒或態(tài)度, 可能、可能、建議、愿望、必要、允許、能力等。建議、愿望、必要、允許、能力等。2. 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化.3. 不能獨立使用不能獨立使用，它和后面的動詞構(gòu)成謂語。，它和后面的動詞構(gòu)成謂語。4. 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 除除ought 和和have 外外，后面只能接動詞原形，后面只能接動詞原形5. 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞沒有非謂語形式?jīng)]有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式，分詞

4、等形式，即沒有不定式，分詞等形式。 只作情態(tài)動詞的只作情態(tài)動詞的 can/could, may/might, ought to, must可情態(tài)可實義的可情態(tài)可實義的 need, dare可情態(tài)可助動詞的可情態(tài)可助動詞的shall/should, will/would相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動詞的相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動詞的have toFeaturesFunctions of Modal Verbs Ability Advice Agreement Guessing Past habit Necessity Permission Possibility Prediction Promise Request inten

5、tion1. Then usually by lunchtime they would all be sold. 2. What could have happened?3. Nothing could be better 4. Something terrible must have happened if 5. He could not believe his eyes.6. Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.7. He couldnt have Yong getting away with telling lies!7. H

6、e had better do some research!8. Her customers might get thin after eating the food. 9. They would become tired very quickly.10. he could win his customers back.Read and discover(1)表示能力表示能力(ability) you speak Japanese?She play the piano when she was 6. *be able to The girl speak English well in a fe

7、w months.I swim when I was only 6.1. can /could (2) 表示允許表示允許(許可或請求許可）許可或請求許可） (permission /request) - I go now? -You go now, but he . (3)表一時或客觀的可能性（肯定句）常用表一時或客觀的可能性（肯定句）常用can ”有時會有時會.” It be quite cold here in winter. Children be naughty. Tom is a pleasant boy. But he can be tough sometimes. (4)表推測時

8、表推測時can ,could常用在否，疑問句中）常用在否，疑問句中） A: Someone is coming! Who it be? B: It be John，for he has gone to the airport. C:Well. It be him. Conclusion 1Can/ could (1)表示能力表示能力(ability) (2) 表示許可或請求（許可表示許可或請求（許可) (3)表示客觀上的可能或一時的可能性表示客觀上的可能或一時的可能性(肯定句肯定句) (4)推測推測(guessing )（can， could限于否定句，限于否定句，疑問句）疑問句）could可

9、表示能力或可能性，多用于過去，也可可表示能力或可能性，多用于過去，也可指現(xiàn)在，通常表示虛擬或作為指現(xiàn)在，通常表示虛擬或作為can的委婉形式。的委婉形式。Tips 1. “cannottoo”“cant. .enough“無論怎么無論怎么也不也不（過分）（過分）”。 You cannot be too careful. You can never be careful enough.你越小心越好。你越小心越好。2. “cannot (help) but+ do sth（不帶（不帶to）” “不得不，不得不，只好只好”。 I cannot but admire her determination.

10、 我不得不欽佩你的決心。我不得不欽佩你的決心。 2. may/ might (1) 表示請求、許可表示請求、許可(request or permission) I ask you a question? - Yes, you . / Yes, you can./ Yes, please. - No, you cant./ No, you mustnt. (2) 表示愿望表示愿望 (wish)you happy all your life. God bless you!he succeed. May sb do ()! (3)表示推測表示推測(possibility), 多用于肯定句和否定句多用

11、于肯定句和否定句,might比比may可能性更小可能性更小 It be true. 可能不可能不 It cant be true.不可能不可能 He come today.Conclusion 2may/ might(1) 表示請求、許可表示請求、許可(request or permission) (2) 表示愿望表示愿望 (wish)(3)表示推測表示推測(possibility), 多用于肯定句和否定句，多用于肯定句和否定句，might比比may可能性更小可能性更小Tips may as well或或 might (just)as well+do sth” “最好, 倒不如”，相當(dāng)于“ha

12、d better”.may well do sth ”很有可能很有可能”1. There is nothing to do, so I may as well go to bed.2. He may well feel proud of his daughter.3. will/ would(1) 表示請求、建議等表示請求、建議等 (request，advice etc) you (please) help me with my English? you (please) pass me the book?(2)表示意愿，決心等。（表示意愿，決心等。（willingness）will表示現(xiàn)在的

13、意愿表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，would表示過去的意愿表示過去的意愿。“會，愿意會，愿意”Go where you She asked if I go with them.I never do that again.No matter what I said, he listen to me. (3) 表示習(xí)慣表示習(xí)慣, 傾向性傾向性, 固有性質(zhì)。固有性質(zhì)。(habit,tendency.常用常用于于肯肯定句中定句中)will表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，would表示過去的習(xí)慣表示過去的習(xí)慣(=used to do)。 Oil float on water. Every day he sit the

14、re doing nothing. When he was a child, he often go skiing.*used to do（表對比且不和具體時間狀語連用）（表對比且不和具體時間狀語連用） He used to live in Paris, but now he lives in Beijing.(4)主語是物主語是物,表示能力表示能力,功能。功能?！澳?，行能，行” (多用于多用于否否定句定句中中)The door open. The pen write.It doesnt work.Conclusion 3 will/ would （一般不表推測）（一般不表推測）(1) 表示請

15、求、建議等表示請求、建議等 (request，advice etc)(2)表示意愿，決心等（表示意愿，決心等（willingness) “會，愿意會，愿意”(3) 表示習(xí)慣表示習(xí)慣, 傾向性傾向性, 固有性質(zhì)。固有性質(zhì)。will表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，would表示過去的習(xí)慣表示過去的習(xí)慣(=used to do)。（。（肯定句）肯定句）(4)表示物的能力、屬性。表示物的能力、屬性?！澳苣堋?主語通常是物。（主語通常是物。（否定句）否定句）(5) Would 在虛擬語氣的使用。在虛擬語氣的使用。(6) would like/love (to do) sth4. Shall （一般不表推

16、測）（一般不表推測）(1)用于第一、第三人稱的疑問句，表征求對方意見或請示用于第一、第三人稱的疑問句，表征求對方意見或請示 (advice，permission) we go out and have a picnic? When he be able to leave the hospital? (2)用于第二、第三人稱的陳述句，表用于第二、第三人稱的陳述句，表的命令、警告、的命令、警告、允諾、威脅等強烈意志和決心允諾、威脅等強烈意志和決心 (determination) You fail if you dont work harder. He have the book when I fi

17、nish reading. Dont go anywhere else without my permission. You go with me. （3）表示強制，用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中，）表示強制，用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中， “必須，應(yīng)該必須，應(yīng)該”。. Candidates remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. Conclusion 4 shall （不表推測）（不表推測） (1)用于第一、第三人稱的疑問句，表征求對方意見用于第一、第三人稱的疑問句，表征求對方意見或請示或請示 (advice，perm

18、ission)(2)用于第二、第三人稱的陳述句，表用于第二、第三人稱的陳述句，表的命令、的命令、警告、允諾、威脅等語氣警告、允諾、威脅等語氣 (order, warning, promise, threat)（3）*表示強制，用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中，意為表示強制，用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中，意為“必須，應(yīng)該必須，應(yīng)該”。should(1)表勸告、建議、命令表勸告、建議、命令 (advice，order，duty)（=ought to）(2)表惋惜、憂慮、詫異等感情色彩（表惋惜、憂慮、詫異等感情色彩（emotion）“居然，竟然居然，竟然” I dont know why you think tha

19、t I did it. 疑問句，感嘆句中疑問句，感嘆句中 How I know? Why you be so rude today?(3)表推測表推測,”應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)當(dāng)應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)當(dāng).,據(jù)估計據(jù)估計.” They have arrived by now.(4)表婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣（表婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣（politeness），與），與say，think，advise等搭配等搭配 I say your homework is not satisfying enough.Conclusion 5Should (1)表勸告、建議、命令表勸告、建議、命令 (advice，order, duty)（=ought to） (2)

20、表惋惜、憂慮、詫異等感情色彩（表惋惜、憂慮、詫異等感情色彩（emotion） “居然，竟然居然，竟然” (3)表推測表推測,”應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)當(dāng)應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)當(dāng)” (4)表婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣（表婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣（politeness），與），與say，think，advise等搭配等搭配 （5）should在虛擬語氣中的使用在虛擬語氣中的使用 （建議，堅持，（建議，堅持，要求，命令）要求，命令）5. must(1)表示表示“必須，應(yīng)該必須，應(yīng)該”之意之意(necessity) ，語氣語氣比比should，ought to 強烈強烈。mustnt表示表示“不準(zhǔn)，不應(yīng)該，禁止不準(zhǔn)，不應(yīng)該，禁止”等等1.Everybody o

21、bey the law.2.You drive so fast in the street.mustnt - Must I stand here talking to you? - Yes, _ - No, _you mustyou neednt / you dont have to*have toI must do my homework now.I have to do my homework every day.(2)意為意為”偏偏偏偏“，”非要非要“，多指令人不快的事，多指令人不快的事 - How old are you, madam? - If you know, Im twice

22、my sons age.(3)表有把握的推測表有把握的推測,不用在否定句中。不用在否定句中。 ”一定，準(zhǔn)是一定，準(zhǔn)是”，只，只用肯定形式用肯定形式must - Listen! The rat be biting the wall. Now there be a hole in the wall. - Oh, no! The food is missing! The rat into the room! “應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”，。oughtto沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可以表示沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可以表示現(xiàn)在、將來或過去將來現(xiàn)在、將來或過去將來，由，由時間狀語或上下文時間狀語或上下文決定。決定。Theyough

23、ttocometomorrow. Hethoughtthattheyoughttotakepartinthe design. 6. ought toHeoughtnottodoit.= Heoughtnttodoit. Oughtwetodoitatonce?Heoughttobehere,shouldnthe?Heoughttobehere,oughtnthe? (1)意為意為”應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”， 表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)、勸告、建議、命令，表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)、勸告、建議、命令，與與should意義相近，但意義相近，但ought to語氣強烈。語氣強烈。 反映客觀情況或涉及法律義務(wù)和規(guī)定時一般用反映客觀情況或涉

24、及法律義務(wù)和規(guī)定時一般用 ought toYoung people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. According to the law, you ought to help him get a good education as you are his father.(2) 表猜測，表猜測，“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”，“理應(yīng)理應(yīng)”He must be home by now. (斷定他已到家斷定他已到家)He ought to be home by now. (不十分肯定不十分肯定)need和和da

25、re情態(tài)動詞，主要用于否定句和疑問句。情態(tài)動詞，主要用于否定句和疑問句。實義動詞，各種句式。實義動詞，各種句式。 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 +V原原1) need Youtelephonehimnow. Need I telephone him now?2) dare Shedarenotgooutaloneatnight. HowdareyousayImunfair? 7. dare & needDare you tell her the truth?Yes,_. No,_.I dareI darent用作實義動詞用作實義動詞 1) need Youdonttodoityourself. D

26、o you to do it yourself?A job like nursing needs patience and understanding.*need doing = need to be done 2) dare Only a few reporters cover the story. He did not (to) look up. (肯定句中肯定句中dare to do , 否定句中可以省略否定句中可以省略to) I dare say hell come again. （I dare say為固定習(xí)語）為固定習(xí)語） 注意對注意對need問句的回答問句的回答:-NeedIfi

27、nishtheworktoday?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.youmustyouneedntyoudonthavetoneednt對其它情態(tài)動詞的回答對其它情態(tài)動詞的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,you_.-No,you_.needntdont have toneedntdont have to情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done 1-遺憾，責(zé)備（遺憾，責(zé)備（虛擬）虛擬）1. could/ might have done （限肯定句）本能（限肯定句）本能/可以做卻可以做卻 沒有做沒有做2.

28、Should (not) have done/ ought (not) to have done3. neednt have done 本不需要做卻已經(jīng)做了本不需要做卻已經(jīng)做了4. would (not) have done1. can/ could (not) have done (疑問句、否定句疑問句、否定句)2. may/ might (not) have done3. must have done (肯定句）肯定句）情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done 2-推測推測表示推測表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法情態(tài)動詞的重要用法肯定的推測肯定的推測可能的推測可能的推測否定的推測否定的推測疑問的推測

29、疑問的推測must 對將來對將來對現(xiàn)在對現(xiàn)在對過去對過去情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞may,mightcant,couldntcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常見常見mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoingPractice - 我錯拿了別人的字典。我錯拿了別人的字典。 -肯定是李磊的。他正在到處找呢?？隙ㄊ抢罾诘?。他正在到處找呢。 Katie是一個信守諾言的女孩。她怎么可能把你是一個信守諾言的女孩。她怎么可能把你的秘密告訴被

30、別人呢的秘密告訴被別人呢/ 你不能把廢紙扔在地板上。你不能把廢紙扔在地板上。 -你的外教怎么樣？你的外教怎么樣？ -媽媽說不可能請到更好的了。媽媽說不可能請到更好的了。 長期戰(zhàn)爭之后必然是貧窮。長期戰(zhàn)爭之后必然是貧窮。 失敗乃成功之母。你不妨振作起來再試一次。失敗乃成功之母。你不妨振作起來再試一次。 -Ivetakensomeonesdictionarybymistake.-ItmustbeLileis.Hehasbeenlookingforhiseverywhere. Katieisagirlwhokeepsherword.Howcan/couldshetellyoursecrettooth

31、ers. Youmustntleavewastepaperonthefloor. -Howisyourforeignteacher?-Mothercouldnthaveaskedforabetterone. Povertymustfollowafteralongwar. Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Youmayaswellcheerupandhaveanothertry.1. I_useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixoclockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldntB.mustntC.shou

32、ldntD.neednt2.Thenewlawstatesthatpeople_driveafterdrinkingalcohol.A.wouldntB.needntC.wontD.mustntDDPractice3.Itsquitewarmhere;we_turntheheatingonyet.（2012天津高考）天津高考）A.couldntB.mustntC.needntD.wouldnt4.We_haveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewontbewithusfordinner.（2012江西高考）江西高考）A.maynotB.needntC.cantD.mustntCB5.You_yourtoo