《【中考命題研究】（貴陽）2020中考英語 語法專題突破 專題十三 主謂一致與there be句型（無答案）》

1、專題十三主謂一致與there be句型,中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢考查點(diǎn)年份題號考查角度分值there be句型與主謂一致202031there be句型主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)1分202040there be句型(there is something wrong with)1分2020107there be句型的主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)(看圖寫句子)1分分析近5年貴陽中考真題可以看出，there be句型與主謂一致為貴陽中考單項(xiàng)選擇題的?？键c(diǎn)，而且常與時(shí)態(tài)同時(shí)考查。語句設(shè)置多為單句，詞數(shù)為814。如：2020年31題考查there be句型的過去時(shí)；偶爾也會考查固定句型，如：2020年40題考查“there is

2、something wrong with”的用法。預(yù)計(jì)2020年貴陽中考單項(xiàng)選擇題會涉及一道題考查there be句型或主謂一致。,貴陽中考重難點(diǎn)突破【考點(diǎn)搶測】1on，books，the，there，desk，some，are_.2a，there，here，near，is，bookstore_?()3.both li lei and han meimei _ fond of the tv program a bite of china.aisbamcare()4.some funny cartoon pictures _ on the wall of my bedroom.ais bare

3、cam()5.not only my father but also my grandpa _ flying to singapore this weekend.ais bare cwas()6.there _ some flowers on the teacher's desk just now，but now there is nothing on it.ahave bwas cwere()7.there _ a basketball match between class three and our class in ten minutes.ais going to be bis

4、 going to havecwill have()8.david，there _ a dictionary and some books on your desk.please put them away.ais bare chave【滿分點(diǎn)撥】一、語法一致原則使用情況例句“不可數(shù)名詞、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、單數(shù)代詞、不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)、從句”等用作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式the girl is fond of singing.to protect the environment is our duty.reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.表示復(fù)

5、數(shù)的名詞、代詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式the students are having their math class.they have been to qingdao twice.and連接主語時(shí)，如果該并列主語指的是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果該并列主語 指的是“同一個(gè)人或事物”(即and后面的名詞前面沒有冠詞)，則謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式eating vegetables and doing exercise are good for our health.the writer and teacher is coming.the writer and the tea

6、cher are coming.bothand連接主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式both peter and mike come from england.有些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞(如glasses，shorts，trousers，jeans，shoes，clothes，gloves等)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式j(luò)ack's glasses are broken.linda's shoes are black and blue.“a number of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“the number of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式a number of tree

7、s have been planted.the number of the men teachers in our school is more than 120.不定代詞another，each one，either，neither，the other，somebody，someone，something，nobody，every­body，everyone，everyth­ing，nothing，anybody，any­thing，anyone，no one等作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式is everyone here?something is wrong w

8、ith my computer.i called you last night，but nobody was in.主語后面跟with，along with，like，except，besides，as well as，together with，including，no less than，rather than，as much as等詞或短語時(shí)，謂語動詞的數(shù)與主語保持一致mei mei，with her parents，often goes to the park on sunday.a teacher，together with some students，is standing at

9、the gate.主語前面有表示“單位、度量”的短語如“a kind(sort/type/form/pair/cup/glass/piece/load/block/box/hand­ful/quantity/ton/meter/)of”等時(shí)，表示“單位、度量”的這個(gè)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式this kind of car is made in china.large quantities of water are needed.“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)名詞”作主語或“a lot of/lots of，plenty of，most of名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于名詞。若

10、名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或者是不可數(shù)名詞，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；若名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式two thirds of the work has been finished.most of the books are written in english.注意：(1)what從句作主語時(shí)，如果表示的是單數(shù)意義，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果表示的是復(fù)數(shù)意義，則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：what we need is time.我們需要的是時(shí)間。what she needs are good books.她需要的是一些好書。(2)and連接并列主語，若前面有each，every，many a，

11、no等詞修飾時(shí)，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。如：each boy and each girl has got a present.每個(gè)男孩和女孩都收到了一份禮物。二、意義一致原則使用情況例句有些集體名詞如crowd，family，team，group，govern­ment，class，staff，public等，它們作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)具體語境而定；若它們表示一個(gè)集體單位，則動詞用單數(shù)形式；若表示集體中的成員，則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式his family isn't large.his family are fond of watching sports programs.有些

12、集合名詞如people，police，cattle，poultry(家禽)等，形式上是單數(shù)，而意義上卻表示復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；有些名詞如news，means，works，physics，politics，maths等，形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，而意義上卻表示單數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式the police are searching for the murder.physics is really difficult for me.“the某些形容詞”可以表示一類人，作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式the young are energetic.某些代詞或短語如half(of)，plenty(of)

13、，the rest(of)，(a) part(of)等作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞應(yīng)視其“具體所指”即所修飾的名詞來決定單、復(fù)數(shù)half of the work has been finished.half of the workers have finished their work ahead of time.表示復(fù)量、度量、時(shí)間、長度、價(jià)格、數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語作主語時(shí)，通常視為一個(gè)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式two pounds isn't so heavy.two months is a long holiday.ten yuan is enough.ten minus five is f

14、ive.注意：(1)某些以­s結(jié)尾的地理名稱，如果是國名，如the united states，the netherlands等，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果是群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等地理名稱作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：the united states is a developed country.美國是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)的國家。the niagara falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.尼亞加拉大瀑布或許是世界上最壯觀的瀑布。(2)none如果指量，動詞用單數(shù)；若用來指數(shù)目，與可數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)

15、形式皆可；none如果代指不可數(shù)名詞，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：none of the money belongs to me.沒有一分錢是屬于我的。none of the students has/have been to egypt in our class.我們班沒有一個(gè)學(xué)生去過埃及。(3)“all/most/half/the rest of名詞”作主語，謂語動詞與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。如：most of her money is spent on clothes.她的大部分錢被花在衣服上了。half of the students watch tv twice a week.一半的學(xué)

16、生一周看兩次電視。三、就近一致原則使用情況例句由or，eitheror，nor，neither nor，whetheror，notbut，not onlybut also等連詞連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動詞必須與它相鄰的主語保持一致neither you nor he is wrong.not only jim but also his friends are enjoying the film.here/there be句型中句子的主語在be之后，系動詞必須與它相鄰的主語保持一致here are some books and paper for you.there is an orange and two apples on the plate.四、there be句型(1)“therebesb./sth.地點(diǎn)”表示“某處有某人或某物”。be動詞必須和主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。如果主語部分是兩個(gè)以上的主語時(shí)，be一般和鄰近主語的數(shù)和人稱保持一致。(2)“therebesb./sth.地點(diǎn)”的否定形式是在be動詞后面加not，not any，no。(3)若變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋭t需要把be提前到句首。注意：there be結(jié)構(gòu)有不同的時(shí)態(tài)，而且可以和各種助動詞或情態(tài)動詞連用。如：there used to be several ho