保障措施協(xié)議中英對照

1、保障措施協(xié)議各成員：牢記各成員以1994年GATT為基礎(chǔ)促進和加強國際貿(mào)易體制的總體 目標(biāo)；認識到需要明確和加強1994年GATT的紀(jì)律，尤其是其中第十九條 的規(guī)定 （特定產(chǎn)品進口的緊急行動 ），重建保障措施的多邊并消除規(guī)避此 類控制的措施；認識到結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的重要性以及增強而不是限制在國際市場上進行競 爭的需要；且進而認識到為達成這些目的而需要一項廣泛的適用于全體 成員并以1994年GATT的基本原則為基礎(chǔ)的協(xié)議；特此協(xié)議如下：第一條 總則本協(xié)議對適用保障措施，即應(yīng)理解為1994年GATT第十九條所指各 項措施的適用制定規(guī)則。第二條 條件1. 僅當(dāng)某一成員根據(jù)下列條款確定就其國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)而言，某一產(chǎn)

2、品輸 入至該成員境內(nèi)的絕對或相對數(shù)量大為增加，且對國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)同類或直接 競爭產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)業(yè)造成嚴(yán)重損害或重要損害威脅時，該成員可適用保障措 施。2. 保障措施應(yīng)僅對進口產(chǎn)品適用而不管其來源。第三條 調(diào)查1. 僅在某一成員的主管當(dāng)局根據(jù)先前確定的程序進行調(diào)查并在符合 1994年GATT第十條的規(guī)定予以公開之后，該成員方可采用保障措施。 該調(diào)查應(yīng)包括合理地公開通知所有有利害關(guān)系的當(dāng)事方并公開聽證或 采用使進口商、出口商和其他有利害關(guān)系的當(dāng)事方能夠呈交證據(jù)及表明 其觀點的適當(dāng)方法，包括提供機會對其他當(dāng)事方的訴求予以答辯并陳述 其主張，特別是保障措施的適用是否出于公益的考慮。主管當(dāng)局公布一 份報告，闡明其調(diào)

3、查發(fā)現(xiàn)和就全部有關(guān)的事實和法律問題所得出的合理 結(jié)論。2. 任何屬于機密性質(zhì)或在保密基礎(chǔ)上提供的資料，主管當(dāng)局在經(jīng)合 理證明時應(yīng)將其作為機密資料對待。此一資料在未經(jīng)提供方同意時，不 得予以披露。對于提供機密資料的當(dāng)事方，可要求其提供該機密資料的 非機密性摘要，或者如果該當(dāng)事方表明無法以該機密資料進行摘要時， 提交不能提供摘要的原因。然而，如果主管當(dāng)局發(fā)現(xiàn)保密要求沒有合理 的理由且如果有關(guān)當(dāng)事方或者不愿公開此一資料或者授權(quán)以一般化或 摘要形式使之披露，則主管當(dāng)局可無視此一資料，除非有適當(dāng)?shù)膩碓茨?夠證明此一資料正確無誤。第四條 嚴(yán)重損害或嚴(yán)重損害威脅的確定1. 就本協(xié)議而言：(a) “嚴(yán)重損害”

4、應(yīng)理解為是指對某一國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)的地位造成的重大總 體損害；(b) “嚴(yán)重損害威脅”應(yīng)理解為是指根據(jù)第 2 款規(guī)定嚴(yán)重損害迫在眉睫。確定存在嚴(yán)重損害威脅應(yīng)當(dāng)基于各種事實而不應(yīng)僅僅基于斷言、推 測或者遙遠的可能性；(c) 在確定損害或其威脅時，“國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)”應(yīng)理解為是指某一成員領(lǐng)域內(nèi)作為一個整體生產(chǎn)同類產(chǎn)品或者直接競爭產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)商，或者這些同 類產(chǎn)品或直接競爭產(chǎn)品的集體產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成這些產(chǎn)品的國內(nèi)總生產(chǎn)的主要 部分。2. (a)在根據(jù)本協(xié)議條款確定進口的增長是否對某一國內(nèi)已造成嚴(yán)重 損害或者正在威脅造成嚴(yán)重損害時，主管當(dāng)局應(yīng)當(dāng)評估與該產(chǎn)業(yè)狀況相 關(guān)的客觀和具有量化性質(zhì)的所有相關(guān)因素，特別是在絕對和相對條件下

5、有關(guān)產(chǎn)品進口增長的比率和數(shù)量、增加的進口產(chǎn)品在國內(nèi)市場中所占的 份額、銷售水平的各種變化、生產(chǎn)、生產(chǎn)率、能耗、利潤、虧損和就業(yè)。(b) 除非在客觀證據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上，某項調(diào)查表明在有關(guān)進口產(chǎn)品的增加 與嚴(yán)重損害或者嚴(yán)重損害威脅之間存在因果關(guān)系， 否則不得進行上述 (a) 項所述之調(diào)查。當(dāng)有進口產(chǎn)品的增加以外的因素同時亦正在對國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè) 造成損害時，此一損害不應(yīng)歸咎于進口產(chǎn)品的增加。(c) 主管當(dāng)局應(yīng)根據(jù)第三條規(guī)定立即公布對正在調(diào)查案件的詳細分析 以及被審查因素相關(guān)性的說明。第五條 保障措施的適用1. 保障措施僅應(yīng)在為防止和救濟和便利調(diào)整所需時，由某一成員加 以適用。如果使用數(shù)量限制，此一措施不應(yīng)將進口

6、量降至最近一個時期 的進口水平，即有統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)表明的有代表性的前三年的平均進口水平， 除非有正當(dāng)理由說明不同的水平為防止或救濟嚴(yán)重損害所必需。成員應(yīng) 當(dāng)選擇適用最能達到這些目標(biāo)的措施。2. (a)如果在供應(yīng)國之間分配配額，則適用此一限制的成員應(yīng)當(dāng)與在 供應(yīng)有關(guān)產(chǎn)品方面具有實質(zhì)性利益的其他所有成員就有關(guān)配額的分配 進行協(xié)議。如果該方法不能合理地實行時，則有關(guān)成員應(yīng)根據(jù)在先前有 代表性的一段時期內(nèi)由該成員提供的該產(chǎn)品在進口問題或總額中所占 的比例，將配額分配給在供應(yīng)該產(chǎn)品方面具有實質(zhì)性利益的成員，同時 適當(dāng)考慮可能影響正在影響該產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易的任何特殊因素。(b)如果在第十三條第1款規(guī)定的保障委員會的主持

7、下根據(jù)第十二條第 3 款進行了協(xié)商并且向該委員會清楚地表明：(i) 從某些特定成員的進口在有代表性的時期內(nèi)有關(guān)該產(chǎn)品進口的總 量增加中占有不相稱的比例；(ii) 背離上述(a)項規(guī)定的理由正當(dāng)；(iii) 此一背離的條件公平適用于有關(guān)產(chǎn)品的所有供應(yīng)商， 則成員可背 離上述(a)項規(guī)定。任何此類措施適用的有效期不應(yīng)超過第七條第 1款下 規(guī)定的初始期限。如果存在嚴(yán)重損害威脅，則不應(yīng)允許上述背離。第六條 臨時保障措施在拖延將導(dǎo)致難以彌補的損害的特殊情形下，成員可根據(jù)有明顯證 據(jù)進口增加已造成嚴(yán)重損害或正在威脅造成嚴(yán)重損害這一初步認定采 取臨時保障措施。臨時性措施的期限不應(yīng)超過 200天。在此期間，應(yīng)

8、符 合第二條第 7 款至第 12 款規(guī)定的各項要求。此類措施應(yīng)以增加關(guān)稅的 形式適用。如果第四條第 2款所指的隨后調(diào)查未認定進口產(chǎn)品的增加對 某一國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)已造成或正在威脅造成嚴(yán)重損害，則增加的關(guān)稅應(yīng)予退 還。任何此類臨時措施的有效期應(yīng)當(dāng)作為初始期限和第七條第 1 款、第 2 款和第 3 所指任何延長的一部分。第七條 保障措施的期限與審查1. 成員僅應(yīng)在為防止或救濟嚴(yán)重損害并便利調(diào)整所需要的一段時期內(nèi)適用保障措施。除根據(jù)第 2 款予以延長外，此一期限不應(yīng)超過兩年。2. 第 1 款所提及的期限可在下列條件下予以延長，即進口成員的主 管當(dāng)局根據(jù)第二條、第三條、第四條和第五條規(guī)定的程序確定，繼續(xù)適 用

9、保障措施為防止或救濟嚴(yán)重損害所必要且有證據(jù)表明該產(chǎn)業(yè)正在調(diào) 整以及第八條和第十二條的有關(guān)規(guī)定得以遵守。3. 適用某項保障措施的總期限，包括適用任何臨時措施的期限、初 始適用的期限及其任何延期，不應(yīng)超過八年。4. 為便利進行調(diào)整起見，如果根據(jù)第十二條第1 款規(guī)定通知的保障措施，其適用期限超過一年，則適用該措施的成員應(yīng)在適用期內(nèi)定期地 逐步予以放寬。如果該措施的適用期限超過三年，則適用此措施的成員 應(yīng)在不遲于該措施通用的中期審查該措施的適用情況，并且在合適時撤 銷該措施或者增加放寬適用的幅度。根據(jù)第 2 款進行延長的措施，不得 比初始期限結(jié)束時所具有的更多的限制，且應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)予以放寬。5. 對于在

10、WTO 協(xié)議生效之日后已適用某一措施的進口產(chǎn)品， 不應(yīng)再 適用期限等于先前措施適用期限的任何措施，除非不適用的期限至少已 達兩年。6. 盡管有第 5 款規(guī)定，對于適用期限為 180 天或更短的保障措施， 可再次適用用于有關(guān)進口產(chǎn)品，如果：(a) 自對該進口產(chǎn)品適用某項保障措施之日起計算至少已過一年；且(b) 在適用該措施之日前的五年內(nèi)，就同一產(chǎn)品適用的保障措施不超 過兩次。第八條 減讓水平和其他義務(wù)1. 提議適用某項保障措施或者尋求長適用某項保障措施的成員，應(yīng) 根據(jù)第十二條第 3款規(guī)定盡力將其與受該措施影響的出口成員之間的減 讓水平和其他義務(wù)維持在與 1994年 GATT 項下現(xiàn)有的水平實質(zhì)相

11、當(dāng)?shù)?水平上。為達成此一目的，有關(guān)成員可就該措施對其貿(mào)易的不利影響， 商議任何充分的貿(mào)易補償手段。2. 如果根據(jù)第十二條第 3款所進行的磋商在 30天內(nèi)未達成協(xié)議，則 受影響的各出口成員可在該保障措施實施后的 90 天內(nèi)，和貨物貿(mào)易理 事會收到中止的書面通知之日起 30 天期滿時，對實施保障措施成員的 貿(mào)易中止實施 1994 年關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定項下實質(zhì)相等的減讓和其他義務(wù)，貨 物貿(mào)易理事會對此不應(yīng)反對。3. 如果適用保障措施起因于進口產(chǎn)品的絕對增長且此一措施符合本 協(xié)議規(guī)定，則第 2 款所指的中止權(quán)利在保障措施生效的頭三年內(nèi)不應(yīng)予以行使。第九條 發(fā)展中國家成員1. 對于來自單個發(fā)展中國成員的產(chǎn)品在進

12、口國的有關(guān)進口產(chǎn)品中的 份額不超過 3%以及占份額不足 3%的所有發(fā)展中國家成員的總體份額不 超過有關(guān)產(chǎn)品進口的 9%時，保障措施不應(yīng)對該產(chǎn)品適用。2. 發(fā)展中國家成員應(yīng)有權(quán)在第七條第 3 款規(guī)定的最長期限之外再延 長最高達兩年的時間適用某項保障措施。盡管有第七條第5 款規(guī)定，如果不適用的期限至少已達兩年，發(fā)展中國家成員應(yīng)有權(quán)對在 WTO 協(xié)議 生效之日后已適用此一保障措施的進口產(chǎn)品，在相當(dāng)于先前適用的措施 期限一半的期限之后再次適用某項保障措施。第十條 現(xiàn)行前第十九條措施各成員應(yīng)在不遲于保障措施被首次適用之后 8 年或者在 WTO 協(xié)議 生效之日后 5 年，以兩者中較遲者為準(zhǔn)，終止適用根據(jù)

13、1994 年 GATT 第十九條所采取的、在 WTO 協(xié)議生效之日即已存在的保障措施。第十一條 特定措施的禁止和消除1.(a)如1994年GATT第十九條規(guī)定，成員不應(yīng)對特定產(chǎn)品的進口采 取尋求采取任何緊急行動，除非此類行動符合該條規(guī)定并根據(jù)本協(xié)議適 用。(b) 此外，成員不應(yīng)對出口或進口方尋求、采取或維持任何自愿出口 限制、有秩序的營銷安排或任何其他類似措施。這些包括由某一單個成 員采取的行動，亦包括由兩個或兩個以上的成員基于其相互訂立的規(guī) 定、按排和諒解而采取的行動。在 WTO 協(xié)議生效之日有效的任何此類 措施均應(yīng)使其符合本協(xié)議規(guī)定或者根據(jù)第 2 款予以逐步消除。(c) 本協(xié)議不適用于某一

14、成員根據(jù) 1994年GATT第十九條以外的條 款、根據(jù)附件一 A 中除本協(xié)議之外的多邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定或根據(jù) 1994年 GATT 框架內(nèi)締結(jié)的議定書、協(xié)定或安排所尋求、采取或者維護的措施。2第1款(b)項所指措施的逐步取消，應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)有關(guān)成員向保障委員 會呈交的時間表在不遲于 WTO 協(xié)議生效之日后 1 80天執(zhí)行。這些時間 表應(yīng)包括第 1 款所指的應(yīng)在 WTO 協(xié)議生效之后不超過四年內(nèi)予以取消 或使之符合本協(xié)議規(guī)定的所有措施。對于僅適用一種特定措施的每個進 口成員而言，此一期限不應(yīng)超過 1999 年 12 月 31 日。任何此類例外， 均應(yīng)由直接有關(guān)的成員彼此達成協(xié)議，并通報保障委員會，由該委員會

15、在 WTO 協(xié)議生效之日后的 90 天內(nèi)審議和決定是否接受。 本協(xié)議附錄載 明了應(yīng)由各方同意的屬于此種例外的措施。3. 各成員不應(yīng)鼓勵或支持公共或私人企業(yè)使用或維持與第1 款所指措施相當(dāng)?shù)姆钦胧?。第十二條 通知與協(xié)商1. 成員應(yīng)當(dāng)立即就下列事項通知保障委員會：(a )就有關(guān)對其造成的嚴(yán)重損害或嚴(yán)重損害威脅及其原因發(fā)起調(diào)查；(b) 對進口產(chǎn)品的增加而造成的嚴(yán)重損害或嚴(yán)重損害威脅作出裁決；(c) 作出決定采取延長某項保障措施。2在進行第1款(b)項和(c)項所指的通知時，提議適用或延長適用某 項保障措施的成員應(yīng)當(dāng)向保障委員會提供全部相關(guān)資料，包括因進口產(chǎn) 品增加所引起的嚴(yán)重損害或嚴(yán)重損害威脅的

16、證明、有關(guān)產(chǎn)品的精確說 明、建議適用的措施、適用措施的建議日期、預(yù)定的期限以及逐步放寬 的時間表。在延長適用某一措施的情形下，亦應(yīng)提供有關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)正在進行 調(diào)整的證據(jù)。貨物貿(mào)易理事會或保障委員會可請求提議適用或延長適用 該措施的成員提供其認為必要的其他資料。3. 提議適用或延長適用保障措施的成員應(yīng)當(dāng)向作為有關(guān)產(chǎn)品出口商 的具有重大利益的成員提供充分的事先協(xié)商機會，以便特別是審查根據(jù) 第 2 款提供的資料、交換對該措施的意見以及達成某種諒解從而實現(xiàn)第 八條第 1 款提出的目標(biāo)。4. 成員在采取第六條所指的臨時性措施之前，應(yīng)通知保障委員會。 采取此一措施之后應(yīng)立即進行協(xié)商。5. 本條所指的協(xié)商結(jié)果、第

17、七條第 4 款所指的中期審查結(jié)果、第八 條第 1 款所指的任何形式的減讓以及第八條第 2款所指的減讓和其他義 務(wù)的擬議中止，均應(yīng)由有關(guān)成員立即通知貨物貿(mào)易理事會。6. 成員應(yīng)及時向保障委員會通知其有關(guān)保障措施的法律、法規(guī)和行 政程序以及上述法律、法規(guī)或行政程序的任何修訂。7在WTO協(xié)議生效之日已維持的屬于第十條和第十一條第 1款所述 措施的成員， 應(yīng)在不遲于 WTO 協(xié)議生效之日的 60 天將此類措施通知保 障委員會8. 對于本協(xié)議要求進行通知但其他成員未進行通知的有關(guān)本協(xié)議的 全部法律、法規(guī)、行政程序以及任何措施或行動，任何成員均可通知保 障委員會。9. 任何成員均可向保障委員會通知第十一條

18、第 3 款所指的任何非政 府措施。10. 本協(xié)議中所指的向貨物貿(mào)易理事會所作的全部通知通常應(yīng)通過 保障委員會進行。11. 本協(xié)議中有關(guān)通知的規(guī)定不應(yīng)要求任何成員披露將妨礙其法律實 施或以其他方式違反公共利益或損害特定公共或私人企業(yè)合法商業(yè)利 益的機密資料。第十三條 監(jiān)督1. 特此設(shè)立在貨物貿(mào)易理事會屬下的保障委員會，并應(yīng)對愿意為其 服務(wù)的任何成員開放參與，該委員會具有以下職能：(a) 監(jiān)督并每年向貨物貿(mào)易理事會報告本協(xié)議的一般執(zhí)行情況并對其 改進提出建議；(b) 根據(jù)受影響成員之請求，調(diào)查有關(guān)保障措施是否符合本協(xié)議的程 序要求并向貨物貿(mào)易理事會報告其調(diào)查結(jié)果；(c) 在經(jīng)有關(guān)成員請求協(xié)助各成員

19、根據(jù)本協(xié)議規(guī)定進行協(xié)商；(d) 審查第十條和第十一條第1款所包含的各項措施，監(jiān)督此類措施 的消除情況并在適當(dāng)時向貨物貿(mào)易理事會報告；(e) 應(yīng)采取保障措施成員之請求，審查中止減讓或其他義務(wù)的方案是 否“實質(zhì)上相當(dāng)”，并在適當(dāng)時向貨物貿(mào)易理事會報告；(f) 取得并審查本協(xié)議規(guī)定的全部通知并在適當(dāng)時向貨物貿(mào)易理事會 報告；且(g) 執(zhí)行貨物貿(mào)易理事會可能確定的有關(guān)本協(xié)議的任何其他職能。2. 為協(xié)助委員會執(zhí)行其監(jiān)督職能，秘書處應(yīng)基于所提交的各種通知 和其他可靠資料，每年編制本協(xié)議實施情況的事實報告。第十四條 爭端解決由爭端解決諒解所詳述和適用的1994年GATT第二十二條和第 二十三條的規(guī)定，應(yīng)適用

20、于本協(xié)議下產(chǎn)生的協(xié)商和爭端解決。AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDSMembers,Havi ng in mind the overall objective of the Members to improve and stre ngthe n the intern ati onal trad ing system based on GATT 1994;Recog nizing the n eed to clarify and rein force the discipli nes of GATT 1994, and specifically those of its Article

21、 XIX (Emergency Action on Imports of Particular Products), to re establish multilateral control over safeguards and elim in ate measures that escape such con trol;Recognizing the importanee of structural adjustment and the need to enhance rather than limit competition in international markets;Recogn

22、izing further that, for these purposes, a comprehensive agreement,applicable to all Members and based on the basic principles of GATT 1994, is called for;Hereby agree as follows:Article 1Gen eral Provisi onThis Agreement establishes rules for the application of safeguard measures which shall be un d

23、erstood to mean those measures provided for in Article XIX of GATT 1994.Article 2Con diti ons1. A Member may apply a safeguard measure to a product only if that Member has determ in ed, pursua nt to the provisi ons set out below, that such product is being imported into its territory in such in crea

24、sed qua ntities, absolute or relative to domestic product ion, and un der such con diti ons as to cause or threaten to cause serious injury to the domestic industry that produces like or directly competitive products.2. Safeguard measuresshall be applied to a product being imported irrespective of i

25、ts source.Article 3Inv estigati on1. A Member may apply a safeguard measure only following aninv estigatio n by the compete nt authorities of that Member pursua nt to procedures previously established and made public in consonance with Article X of GATT 1994.This in vestigatio n shall in clude reaso

26、 nable publicno tice to all in terested parties and public heari ngs or other appropriate means in which importers, exporters and other interested parties could present evidenee and their views, including the opportunity to respond to the prese ntati ons of other parties and to submit their views, i

27、n ter alia, as to whether or not the applicati on of a safeguard measure would be in the public in terest. The compete nt authorities shall publish a report sett ing forth their findings and reas oned con clusi ons reached on all pert inent issues of fact and law.2. Any in formatio n which is by n a

28、ture con fide ntial or which isprovided on a con fide ntial basis shall, upon cause being show n, be treated as such by the compete nt authorities. Such in formati on shall not be disclosed without permission of the party submitting it.Parties providingcon fide ntial in formati on may be requested t

29、o fur nish non con fide ntial summaries thereof or, if such parties indicate that such information cannot be summarized, the reas ons why a summary cannot be provided. However, if the compete nt authorities find that a request for con fide ntiality is not warranted and if the party concerned is eith

30、er unwilling to make theinformation public or to authorize its disclosure in generalized or summary form, the authorities may disregard such in formatio n uni ess it can be dem on strated to their satisfacti on from appropriate sources that the information is correct.Article 4Determ in ati on of Ser

31、ious Injury or Threat Thereof1. For the purposes of this Agreeme nt:(a) "serious injury" shall be understood to mean a significant overall impairment in the position of a domestic industry;(b) "threat of serious injury" shall be understood to mean serious injury that is clearly i

32、mminent, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2. A determination of the existence of a threat of serious injury shall be based on facts and not merely on allegation, conjecture or remote possibility;(c) in determining injury or threat thereof, a "domestic industry" shall be under

33、stood to mean the producers as a whole of the like or directly competitive products operating within the territory of a Member, or those whose collective output of the like or directly competitive products constitutes a major proportion of the total domestic production of those products.2. (a) In th

34、e investigation to determine whether increased imports have caused or are threatening to cause serious injury to a domestic industry under the terms of this Agreement, the competent authorities shall evaluate all relevant factors of an objective and quantifiable nature having a bearing on the situat

35、ion of that industry, in particular, the rate and amount of the increase in imports of the product concerned in absolute and relative terms, the share of the domestic market taken by increased imports, changes in the level of sales, production, productivity, capacity utilization, profits and losses,

36、 and employment.(b) The determination referred to in subparagraph (a) shall not be made unless this investigation demonstrates, on the basis of objective evidence, the existence of the causal link between increased imports of the product concerned and serious injury or threat thereof. When factors o

37、ther than increased imports are causing injury to the domestic industry at the same time, such injury shall not be attributed to increased imports.(c) The competent authorities shall publish promptly, in accordance with the provisions of Article 3, a detailed analysis of the case under investigation

38、 as well as a demonstration of the relevance of the factors examined.A rticle 5A pplication of Safeguard Measures1. A Member shall apply safeguard measures only to the extent necessaryto prevent or remedy serious injury and to facilitate adjustment. If a quantitative restriction is used, such a meas

39、ure shall not reduce the quantity of imports below the level of a recent period which shall be the average of imports in the last three representative years for which statistics are available, unless clear justification is given that a different level is necessary to prevent or remedy serious injury

40、. Members should choose measures most suitable for the achievement of these objectives.2. (a) In cases in which a quota is allocated among supplying countries, the Member applying the restrictions may seek agreement with respect to the allocation of shares in the quota with all other Members having

41、a substantial interest in supplying the product concerned. In cases in which this method is not reasonably practicable, the Member concerned shall allot to Members having a substantial interest in supplying the product shares based upon the proportions, supplied by such Members during a previous rep

42、resentative period, of the total quantity or value of imports of the product, due account being taken of any special factors which may have affected or may be affecting the trade in the product.(b) A Member may depart from the provisions in subparagraph(a) provided that consultations under paragraph

43、 3 of Article 12 are conducted under the auspices of the Committee on Safeguards provided for in paragraph 1 of Article 13 and that clear demonstration is provided to the Committee that (i) imports from certain Members have increased in disproportionate percentage in relation to the total increase o

44、f imports of the product concerned in the representative period, (ii) the reasons for the departure from the provisions in subparagraph (a) are justified, and (iii) the conditions of such departure are equitable to all suppliers of the product concerned. The duration of any such measure shall not be

45、 extended beyond the initial period under paragraph 1 of Article 7. The departure referred to above shall not be permitted in the case of threat of serious injury.A rticle 6Provisional Safeguard MeasuresIn critical circumstances where delay would cause damage which it would be difficult to repair, a

46、 Member may take a provisional safeguard measure pursuant to a preliminary determination that there is clear evidence that increased imports have caused or are threatening to cause serious injury. The duration of the provisional measure shall not exceed 200 days, during which period the pertinent re

47、quirements of Articles 2 through 7 and 12 shall be met. Such measures should take the form of tariff increases to be promptly refunded if the subsequent investigation referred to in paragraph 2 of Article 4 does not determine that increased imports have caused or threatened to cause serious injury t

48、o a domestic industry. The duration of any such provisional measure shall be counted as a part of the initial period and any extension referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Article 7.A rticle 7Duration and Review of Safeguard Measures1. A Member shall apply safeguard measures only for such period

49、of time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy serious injury and to facilitate adjustment. The period shall not exceed four years, unless it is extended under paragraph 2.2. The period mentioned in paragraph 1 may be extended provided that the competent authorities of the importing Member have de

50、termined, in conformity with the procedures set out in Articles 2, 3, 4 and 5, that the safeguard measure continues to be necessaryto prevent or remedy serious injury and that there is evidence that the industry is adjusting, and provided that the pertinent provisions of Articles 8 and 12 are observ

51、ed.3. The total period of application of a safeguard measure including the period of application of any provisional measure, the period of initial application and any extension thereof, shall not exceed eight years.4. In order to facilitate adjustment in a situation where the expected duration of a

52、safeguard measure as notified under the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 12 is over one year, the Member applying the measure shall progressively liberalize it at regular intervals during the period of applicati on. If the duratio n of the measure exceeds three years, the Member applying such a

53、measure shall review the situation not later than the mid term of the measure an d, if appropriate, withdraw it or in crease the pace of liberalizati on. A measure exte nded un der paragraph 2 shall not be more restrictive than it was at the end of the initial period, and should continue to be liber

54、alized.5. No safeguard measure shall be applied again to the import of a product which has bee n subject to such a measure, take n after the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement, for a period of time equal to that duri ng which such measure had bee n previously applied, provided that the pe

55、riod of non application is at least two years.6. Notwithsta nding the provisi ons of paragraph 5, a safeguard measure with a duration of 180 days or less may be applied again to the import of a product if:(a) at least one year has elapsed since the date of introduction of a safeguard measure on the

56、import of that product; and(b) such a safeguard measure has not been applied on the same product more tha n twice in the five year period immediately precedi ng the date ofintroduction of the measure.Article 8Level of Con cessi ons and Other Obligati ons1. A Member propos ing to apply a safeguard me

57、asure or seek ing an exte nsion of a safeguard measure shall en deavour to maintain a substa ntially equivale nt level of con cessi ons and other obligati ons to that exist ing un der GATT 1994 betwee n it and the export ing Members which would be affected by such a measure, in accordanee with the p

58、rovisions of paragraph 3 of Article 12. To achieve this objective, the Members concerned may agree on any adequate means of trade compe nsati on for the adverse effects of the measure on their trade.2. If no agreeme nt is reached withi n 30 days in the con sultati ons un der paragraph 3 of Article 1

59、2, then the affected exporting Members shall be free, not later tha n 90 days after the measure is applied, to suspe nd, upon the expiration of 30 days from the day on which written notice of such suspe nsion is received by the Coun cil for Trade in Goods, the applicati on of substa ntially equivale nt con cessi ons or other obligatio ns