CET寫作高分策略PPT課件

1、CET-4寫作高分策略寫作高分策略第1頁/共133頁目錄 一、評分標準 二、祛除病句 三、穿針引線 四、謀篇布局 五、錦上添花 六、作文類型第2頁/共133頁大學英語四級寫作評分原則與標準 評分原則 1。采用總體印象評分，給出獎勵分，而不是按語言點的錯誤數(shù)扣分。 2。從內(nèi)容和語言兩個方面綜合評判。 評分標準 大學英語教學大綱關(guān)于四級寫作的要求是培養(yǎng)學生初步的寫作能力。具體體現(xiàn)在四個方面：切題與否，內(nèi)容表達清楚與否，文字通順連貫與否，語言錯誤多與否。 寫作部分占總分的15%，分值為107分（總分710分）。按卷面15分計算，閱卷標準分5個等級：14分，11分、8分、5分、2分。 14分標準切題；

2、表達思想清楚；文字通順；連貫性較好；基本上無語言錯誤，僅個別拼寫錯誤。 11分標準切題；表示思想清楚；文字連貫，但有少量語法錯誤。第3頁/共133頁大學英語四級寫作評分標準 8分標準基本切題；有些地方表達思想不夠清楚；文字勉強連貫；語言錯誤相當多，其中有一些是嚴重錯誤 5分標準基本切題；表達思想不清楚；連貫性較差；有較多的語言錯誤。 2分標準條理不清；思路紊亂；語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯誤，并且多數(shù)為嚴重錯誤（白卷，作文與題目毫不相關(guān)，或只有幾個孤立的詞而無法表達思想，則給0分。 注：1。如題目中給出主題句，起始句，結(jié)束句，均不得記入所寫字數(shù)； 2。只寫一段者：0-4分；只寫兩段者：0-9

3、分（指規(guī)定三段的作文）第4頁/共133頁對照標準看作文Traffic in Big Cities 1.Traffic has become a social problem in big cities. 2.One way to solve this problem is.3.Another way is. Traffic has become a social problem in big cities. Of course，have a car is a good thing, but if every person own a car, the streets will became t

4、oo crowded. so, traffic jams occurred during the rush hours and accidents happened more often. One way to solve this problem is develop public transportation system. For example, we should buy more buses and we should built more roads, especially round-the-city roads And underground trains is also a

5、 good solution. Another way is to reduce the big citys population. Our country population control is a wise and necessary policy. If big city people reduce，traffic will less crowded.第5頁/共133頁【點評】第一句抄起始句，無問題。第二句，想說“有車是件好事” 但英文就大錯特錯了。須知，英文的主語一般只能是四部分組成:名詞（含代詞）、動名詞v-ing、動詞不定式to及句子。動詞have是不能當主語的，至少應(yīng)改為“h

6、aving”。接下來，every person那動詞own自然應(yīng)該加“s”了。streets will后面動詞用原形become，第三行so大寫“s”，Traffic Jams occurred and accidents happened.動詞完全不需要用過去式，那樣，就給人以一種“事情已過去，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不堵車，也沒有交通事故”的印象。所以，議論文中使用過去式一定要合理，不要濫用。第二段“One way to solve this problem is to develop.”才行。一般來說，每句話只應(yīng)有一個謂語動詞（并列時當成一個看），所以，有了“is”，“develop”必須消掉（消動詞有

7、三招，to v，v-ing，v-ed過去分詞）。We should build.，And應(yīng)小寫。underground trains is.主謂語不協(xié)調(diào)或改為trains are，或改為train is，后者更好些，因為此處是在講 “地鐵”這種形式是一個好辦法。第6頁/共133頁 評分標準對我們的啟示1、作文主要考查“思路”與“英文水平” 針對訓練2、2分段：筆下病句橫行，表述不知所云祛除病句3、5分段：遍地殘金斷玉，撿拾無處下手穿針引線4、8分段：克敵有心無力，臨陣功虧一簣運籌帷幄5、11分段：發(fā)揮四平八穩(wěn)，結(jié)果差強人意錦上添花第7頁/共133頁 自我定位 努力方向 1114錦上添花：句庫與

8、閃光點 811運籌帷幄：謀篇布局與邏輯性 5 8穿針引線：過渡詞與連貫性 2 5祛除病句：詞匯、句型、連詞與從句訓練自下而上考試從此入手有水平，沒思路？有思路，欠水平？沒思路，欠水平？訓練謀篇布局強化詞匯句型埋頭苦干重新做人6、腳踏實地，逐級努力。 第8頁/共133頁7、沒有把握時最好安全運作。8、字數(shù)合理控制。9、三段式寫作缺一不可。10、整潔。第9頁/共133頁目錄 一、評分標準 二、祛除病句 三、穿針引線 四、謀篇布局 五、錦上添花 六、作文類型第10頁/共133頁祛除病句：詞匯、句型、連詞與從句治標：常見寫作錯誤治本：詞匯、句型連詞與從句第11頁/共133頁治標：糾正常見寫作錯誤 一、

9、主語錯誤 1. 主語缺失 1) In our country feels very free. People feel free in our country. 2) In my hometown arent very busy. People in my hometown arent very busy. 2. 非名詞/代詞主語 1) Rich doesnt ensure a happy life. Being rich doesnt mean a happy life. / Wealth doesnt ensure a happy life. 2) Keep two full-time j

10、obs is simply impossible. Keeping two full-time jobs is simply impossible.第12頁/共133頁3. 主謂錯位 1) Reading books can acquire knowledge. People can acquire knowledge from books. 2) Now peoples lives cant leave TV. Now people cant do without TV. 第13頁/共133頁二、謂語錯誤 1. 多重謂語 1) In our modern society, there are

11、 many examples around us show that many people are cheated. In our modern society, many examples around us show that many people are cheated. / A large number of people have fallen victim to various tricks. 2) Poverty makes many people cant study abroad. Poverty makes many people unable to study abr

12、oad. / Poverty makes it impossible for many people to study abroad. / Poverty prevents many people from studying abroad. / Many people cant study abroad because of poverty. 第14頁/共133頁2. 非動詞謂語 1) Some people firmly agree, but others against it. Some people firmly agree, but others are against it. 2)

13、It is said that the place worths touring. It is said that the place is worth touring. 第15頁/共133頁3. 時態(tài)/數(shù)/指代不一致Disagreements 1) I have to visit the teacher who teach me College English. I have to visit the teacher who teaches me College English. 2) I use a disk because it hold plenty of data. I use a

14、disk because it holds plenty of data. 3) When one have money, he can do what he want to. Once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do)第16頁/共133頁4. 誤用詞組 1) They insist on post-graduate study is very important for them. They insist that post-graduate study is very important for them. 2) I am afr

15、aid of that its going to rain. I am afraid that its going to rain. 第17頁/共133頁 三 句子不完整（Sentence Fragments） 在口語中，交際雙方可借助手勢語氣上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解可是書面語就不同了，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整會令意思表達不清，這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以后，筆者又想加些補充說明時發(fā)生 例 There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on . 剖析：本句后半部分for

16、example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on .”不是一個完整的句子，僅為一些不連貫的詞語，不能獨立成句 改為：There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio and newspaper.第18頁/共133頁 四 詞性誤用 “詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為：介詞當動詞用；形容詞當副詞用；名詞當動詞用等 例 None can negative the importance of money. 剖析：negative 系形容詞，誤作動詞。 改為： None can deny the import

17、ance of money.第19頁/共133頁 五 不連貫(Incoherence) 不連貫是指一個句子前言不對后語，或是結(jié)構(gòu)上不暢通。這也是考生常犯的毛病。 例 The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth. 剖析：The fresh water 與逗號后的it 不連貫。It 與things 在數(shù)方面不一致。 改為： Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.第20頁/共133頁目錄 一、評分標準 二、祛除病句 三、穿針引線 四、謀篇布局 五、錦上添

18、花 六、作文類型第21頁/共133頁穿針引線：過渡詞與連貫性要做到作文表達清楚、語義連貫，考生必須學會過渡詞(Transitional Words)的使用。過渡詞是一種關(guān)系指引詞，它是連接句與句、段與段之間的紐帶。過渡詞一般為副詞或起副詞作用的短語，另外代詞、 連詞也可以起到過渡的作用。有意識地使用下列連接詞，這對提高作文分數(shù)是很有幫助的，同時大家在使用這些詞的時候，必須弄清楚哪些連接詞是副詞，哪些是連詞。 第22頁/共133頁常見過渡詞的類別 （1）表示并列、增加、遞進：also, and, and then, too, in addition, again, furthermore, mo

19、reover, as well, as well as, or, besides, whats more, whats worse, not only . but also, both . and, either . or, neither . nor第23頁/共133頁（2）表示時間順序： first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, now, then, soon, next, gradually, finally, when, while, until, lately, present

20、ly, recently, since, eventually, as soon as, from then on, in the meantime, at the same time, early this morning after a while, in a few days, at last, in the end等。第24頁/共133頁（3）表示空間順序：near (to), far (from), in front of, behind, beside, beyond, above, below, to the right/left, around, outside等。（4）更換表

21、達方式: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way等。 第25頁/共133頁（4）表示比較和對照：in the same way, like, just like, just as, similarly, similar to ； unlike, but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, even though, instead, although, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, neverthele

22、ss, on one hand . on the other hand, some . others等。 To my surprise, my father did not criticize me. He praised me instead. Usually, my father doesnt need an assistant on his business tour. However, he offered to take me with him this time. I guess, my father gave me this opportunity as a treat for

23、my courageous conduct. 第26頁/共133頁（5）表示結(jié)果和原因：because, since, so, therefore, then, thus, otherwise, thereby, hence, as, for, because of, now that, thanks to, due to, as a result, so that, so . that, such . that等。 The people of the two countries were once on friendly terms with each other at a period o

24、f time. But for some historical reasons, the relations between the two nations were broken off. As a result, the people had been out of touch for a very long time. As time went by, the two countries decided to restore their diplomatic relationship. Accordingly, both parties agreed to negotiations. 第

25、27頁/共133頁（6）表示目的：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to（7）表示條件：if, unless, on condition that, as/ so long as第28頁/共133頁（8）表示強調(diào)：in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, indeed, surely, necessarily, truly, obviously, certainly, to tell the truth, most important, no doubt, with

26、out any doubt, to repeat, above all, most important 等。We were tired if living in the noisy crowded city, so we moved to the countryside. We rent a small house. In addition, we bought some old furniture. We felt quiet at home in the country. What is more, we could enjoy fresh air and long walks every

27、 day. 第29頁/共133頁（9）表示舉例：for example, in fact, in this case, actually, for instance, like, such as,especially等。 Xiao Wang is a very versatile student. Besides his excellent performance in his studies, he is good at ball games, and basketball in particular. He is a good swimmer, too, and he can do in

28、different styles, such as backstroke style and free style. He can also play two kinds of musical instruments, namely, violin and piano. 第30頁/共133頁（10）表示總結(jié)：finally, at last, in conclusion, as I have shown, in a word, in brief, in short, in general, on the whole, as has been stated, above all, after a

29、ll, generally speaking, to sum up, in summary等。 White-haired folks read the paper on their farmhouse porches at sunset. Worn-out wind mills stood alone in pasture. All in all, we did not see much evidence that small-town America was vanishing. 第31頁/共133頁 過渡詞的功能 文章段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系主要由過渡詞來完成，在修辭中稱為啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合。“啟”

30、就是開頭, “承”是承接，“轉(zhuǎn)”是轉(zhuǎn)折，“合”是綜合或總結(jié)。 第32頁/共133頁（1）用于“啟”的過渡詞語(常用在段落或文章的開頭)first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,It is often said that .As the proverb says .It goes

31、without saying that .It is clear / obvious that .Many people often ask .第33頁/共133頁（2）用于“承”的過渡詞語(通常用在段落中的第一個擴展句中)second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, part

32、icularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt， It is true that .Everybody knows that .It can be easily proved that .No one can deny that .The reason why . is that .There is no doubt that .To take . for an example (instance).We know that .What is more serio

33、us is that .第34頁/共133頁（3）用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的過渡詞語(通常用在段落中的第二個擴展句中)but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate, nevertheless, otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of . , yet, instead,I do not believe that .Perhaps youll ask why .This may be true

34、, but we still have a problem with regard to .Though we are in basic agreement with ., yet differences will be found,Thats why I feel that .第35頁/共133頁（4）用于“合”的過渡詞語(通常用在段落的結(jié)論句或文章的結(jié)論段中)in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last,

35、 in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all, eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum, on the whole, to sum upFrom this point of view .On account of this we can find that .The result is dependent on .Thus, this is the reason why we must .第36頁/共133頁目錄 一、評分標準 二、

36、祛除病句 三、穿針引線 四、謀篇布局 五、錦上添花 六、作文類型第37頁/共133頁運籌帷幄：謀篇布局與邏輯性 到了考場上，作文最重要的是理清思路。有些人，沒有思路，隨心所欲，信手寫去，寫著寫著，自己也不知道寫到哪里了。這種作文，怎么會條理清楚?難道會中心突出?如何能干凈整潔，不亂涂亂畫? 因此，拿到作文后的第一件事就是要審題，確保不跑題。其次是根據(jù)具體要求列出提綱，確保思路清晰。再次就是用比較標準的英文將你想要說的意思表達出來，這就需要有較好的英文基本功底:包括單詞、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、語法、詞組等等。第38頁/共133頁1. 切題 作文不跑題，這是老生常談，但要完全做到，并非輕而易舉。例如: Ben

37、efits of Sports自然應(yīng)該寫運動的好處，但有些考生在列舉了一系列運動的優(yōu)點之后，又寫道: 運動固然好處很多，但也應(yīng)避免運動的過量。過量的運動還是有害的。它可以使人過度疲勞，損害心臟，拉傷大腿，等等。殊不知，這樣寫著寫著，不知不覺中已跑題了。本文要求你寫運動的“好處”。至于其“副作用”或“壞處”，根本不應(yīng)在文章的討論范圍之內(nèi)。 又如: 有的考生寫“How University Graduates Find Work”一文，竟寫成了自己喜歡什么樣的工作。這樣一來，你詞匯量再大，語法知識再好，也只能是“南轅北轍”了。假如把文章的重點放在“如何”一詞上，就算抓住了要害。比如如何去面試，如何

38、寫自我簡介，如何進行自我包裝和推銷，等等。第39頁/共133頁 比如”Good Health”這篇作文。Importance of good health Ways to keep fit. My own practices.至于第三段，“我的實踐”，有的考生會想，第二段可寫“吃”與“鍛煉”是保持健康的最佳途徑，那么，第三段還寫“吃”與“鍛練”我自己準備怎么做?！癋rom today on，I will.;I will.;”或者“I plan to do it as follows.”那叫“我的實踐”嗎?頂多算是“我的希望”或“我的計劃”。這樣寫就跑題了?？梢?，切題不僅是指全文，三段中的每一段

39、也存在是否切題這樣一個問題。有的考生這樣寫第三段，就基本上可以說是達到要求了:As a university student，I pay much attention to my physical exerciser. I do some swimming in Summer and some skating in Winter，I often play badminton and tennis. I m also careful with my diet. In a word，keeping healthy is not very hard if you just take it serio

40、usly. 由此看來，切題一事，絕不可掉以輕心。第40頁/共133頁2。列提綱定局（5分鐘） 不同的作文題型中，對列提綱的要求也有所不同。在四六級作文考試中，常見的是給出題目和提綱題型，因此只需作者自己能正確有效地去利用已經(jīng)給出的中文提綱。對提綱材料進行加工、補充、擴展。各段落的展開要根據(jù)提綱的來龍去脈進行。尤其要注意確定重點，選準擴充點，將較抽象的內(nèi)容具體化，闡述透徹。 一般說來，英語寫作要求一段一個中心。 寫好主題句 （一）引言段：提出中心論點 （二）主題段：提出理論和事實依據(jù)，或者進行正反兩方面的論證 （三）結(jié)尾段：提出自己的觀點或做出結(jié)論第41頁/共133頁 例：Smoking Is

41、Harmful to health 提示：1）吸煙的危害；2）戒煙難的原因；3）如何解決 首段（描述問題段）：提出問題，指出具體表現(xiàn)。 主題句：Smoking is harmful to peoples health. 擴展句：leads to diseases; causes deaths第42頁/共133頁 中間段（說明原因段）：主題導入，展開論述，收尾結(jié)論。 主題句：difficult to stop smoking, the following reasons 擴展句：for one thing, the effect of nicotine; for another, no dete

42、rmination 結(jié)論句：more attention to stopping smoking第43頁/共133頁 結(jié)尾段（說明方法段）： 擴展句：firstly, smoking is forbiden in public places and advertisements In addition, No Tobacco Day 結(jié)論句：If we follow the measures mentioned above, the impact from smoking could be minimized greatly第44頁/共133頁 下面以Global Shortage of Fr

43、esh Water(全球淡水緊缺)這篇提綱式作文為例，具體分析該提綱內(nèi)容是怎樣發(fā)展、深化的。 1.人們以為淡水是取之不盡的(提示：雨水、河水、井水); 2.實際上淡水是非常緊缺的(提示：人口增長、工業(yè)用水增加、污染); 3.我們應(yīng)該怎么辦。第45頁/共133頁 根據(jù)提綱要求，可以進行如下構(gòu)思： 第一段應(yīng)解釋為什么人們認為淡水是取之不盡的。根據(jù)提示，我們可以從降雨豐富、河水和井水等水資源充足方面進行解釋。 第二段應(yīng)重點解釋導致淡水緊缺的原因，這些原因主要有：人為的浪費、人口增加、工業(yè)用水增加、水資源被污染等等。 第三段是本文的重點。闡述如何解決淡水緊缺問題時，切忌只簡單地寫出“We should

44、 take measures to solve the problem.”這樣空洞的、表態(tài)性的句子，而不提出具體的解決方法。只有提出具體的解決方法，才能使文章顯得充實，有說服力。 根據(jù)上面的構(gòu)思，可以列出下列提綱：第46頁/共133頁 Topic: Global Shortage of Fresh Water Outline: I. It is widely assumed that fresh water is inexhaustible. 1. Plenty of rainfall 2. Numerous wells 3. Countless rivers, falls and sprin

45、gs II. There are three causes for a global shortage of fresh water. 1. Population growth 2. Development of industry & agriculture 3. Water pollution III. Measures should be taken to solve the problem. 1. Protect water resources from being polluted 2. Save water 3. Recycle water & convert sea

46、 water into drinkable water.第47頁/共133頁3. 充實提綱，補充細節(jié)（20分鐘） 擬好了提綱之后，就進入寫作階段。這是一個遣詞造句，連句成篇，將不同信息組合排列的過程。寫作過程中就是將雜亂無序的字、詞、句，通過一些過渡手段將其連接成完整的文章。對構(gòu)思素材的取舍增補，框架結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，段落、語句順序的排列，并兼顧各種語法現(xiàn)象。在初稿的寫作過程中，一定要注意以所擬定的提綱為指導。 1。關(guān)鍵句，銜接詞和套句的使用； 2。語言的豐富程度（充分秀出自己的”閃光點”，以打動評卷老師的“芳心”） 1）適當使用高級詞匯，如用“maintain”來代替 “think”, “More

47、 and more”是一個很普通的詞?？筛臑椤盿n increasing number of “或 “a growing number of來代替。作文中這些亮點越多，得分點就越多。句式的變化也是一個得分點。開頭要有變化?？忌?jīng)常以”I “ “You”開頭?？梢栽囋囈詣用~、分詞開頭。以狀語開頭，以形式主語 “it”開頭。變化產(chǎn)生美。個別句子要復雜化。長句短句相結(jié)合。但前提是保證句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)正確； 2）適當使用高級語法結(jié)構(gòu)，比如狀語從句，定語從句（尤其非限制性定語從句），插入語，分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞結(jié)構(gòu)等。第48頁/共133頁4。修改潤色（2分鐘） 其實考生應(yīng)該在下筆寫作的時候就謹慎，仔細，避免錯誤

48、，但即便這樣，錯誤也是會有的，尤其對于平時缺乏練習的同學來說。那么就需要留幾分鐘通讀一下，檢查和改正。注意，要改的是一些語法或拼寫錯誤，而不是作內(nèi)容上的大的改動。如：人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的一致（注意名詞，動詞詞尾標點，拼寫，大小寫及詞組搭配是否正確。換言之，是改一些詞或詞組，而不是改整個句子或段落，因為那樣會造成卷面混亂，導致低分。要想避免內(nèi)容上的錯誤，構(gòu)思時就要想好，落筆時就要謹慎。還有改正錯誤要注意方式，盡量不要用涂改液或涂改帶，以免有作弊嫌疑，也不要在一個詞上涂畫太多，影響卷面整潔。一般可以用一條斜線劃掉錯詞，然后在其上方寫出正確的。 第49頁/共133頁目錄 一、評分標準 二、祛除病句 三、

49、穿針引線 四、謀篇布局 五、錦上添花 六、作文類型第50頁/共133頁錦上添花：句庫與閃光點 閃光點：1、長短句交叉；2、使用插入語；3、用詞準確，多樣，形象； 4、關(guān)鍵詞換用，避免重復； 5、句型使用準確、地道。 平時多積累有用的表達方式、句型，尤其是教材中的優(yōu)美句子。 謹記：水平不夠者慎用，避免弄巧成拙。第51頁/共133頁1. 適當用被動替換主動，這樣能更客觀的反映事實, 句子開頭不要總是用we / I (比如寫結(jié)尾時不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) 2. 善于使用插入語，比如說把副詞、連接詞howe

50、ver / therefore /for example/I believe等，作插入語放在中間，一般放在主語、動詞或者助動詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號。 3. 一定要學會換詞，換形象，具體的替換太寬泛的。(考試中一般不要出現(xiàn)good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion 等等)比如上面例子中，applicable替換proper, approaches替換ways, implement替換carry out, sharpen ones competitive edge替換enhance ones competitiveness(提高某物競爭力) 第5

51、2頁/共133頁閃光點：替換詞 1. individuals, characters, folks替換(people ,persons) 2. positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替換good 3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替換bad 如果bad做表語，可以有be less impressive替換eg. An army of college student

52、s indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替

53、換many. 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that.同理 用most, if not all ,替換most. 5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替換some 第53頁/共133頁6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally ac

54、knowledged that)替think(因為是書面語，所以要加that) 7. affair ,business ,matter 替換thing 8. shared 代 common 9. reap huge fruits 替換get many benefits )10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替換 in my opinion 第54頁/共133頁11. Increasing(ly), growing 替換more and more( 注意沒有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當修飾名詞時用increasing/growing.修飾形容詞

55、，副詞用increasingly. Eg. sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12. little if anything, 或little or nothing替換hardly13. beneficial, rewarding替換helpful, 14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser, 替換customer15. exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替換very第55頁

56、/共133頁16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable . 替換 unnecessary, avoidable 17. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替換sb take interest in / sb. be interested in 18. capture ones attention替換attract ones attention.19. facet, dimension, sphere代aspect20. be indicative of ,be sugge

57、stive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear第56頁/共133頁21. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替換cause.22. There are several reasons behind sth 替換.reasons for sth23. desire 替換want.24. pour attention into 替換pay attention to 25. bear in mind that 替換remember 第57頁/共133頁26. enjoy, possess 替換have

58、(注意process是過程的意思)27. interaction替換communication28.frown on sth替換 be against , disagree with sth29.to name only a few, as an example替換 for example, for instance 30. next to / virtually impossible,替換nearly / almost impossible 第58頁/共133頁閃光點：總述1. All roses have thorns.2. No garden is without weeds.3. Ev

59、ery coin has 2 sides.4. Every sword has 2 edges.5. Every advantage has its disadvantages.6. Its hard to please all.7. So many people, so many minds.8. Great minds think alike.9. One mans meat is another mans poison.10. Throw the baby out with the bath water.第59頁/共133頁11.Admittedly, there are merits

60、to both sides of the argument.12. All roses have thorns.13. No garden is without weeds.14. Answers shall find it hard to please all, as the old say goes.15. As the proverb goes: Every coin has its two sides, _ is no exception.16. As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different atti