初中英語(yǔ)不定代詞講解及習(xí)題

1、他有兩個(gè)兒子，都不富有。他有三個(gè)兒子，都不富有。三、復(fù)合不定代詞的用法.不定代詞一、不定代詞概述定義不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞常 見(jiàn)some 類(lèi)something, somebody, someone不不 定any 類(lèi)定代詞no 類(lèi)代every 類(lèi)詞其他all, each, both, none, one, much, many, (a)few, (a)little, either, neither,other, another充 當(dāng)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分二、常見(jiàn)不定代詞的基本用法1、 some 和 any: 都是“一些”的意思，都可與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞連用。(1) s

2、ome 一般用于肯定句中， any 一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。Eg. _(2) 在表示請(qǐng)求、建議或希望得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中，應(yīng)該用some 而不用 any。Eg. Would you please give me some paper?_(3) 當(dāng) any 表示“任何”或“無(wú)論哪一個(gè)”的意義時(shí)，可以用于肯定句，此時(shí)any 要重讀。Eg. You may come at any time that is convenient to you._2、 表示數(shù)量的不定代詞(1)many_, few_, a few_,用以代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。(2)much_, little_, a little_,用

3、以代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。(3) _和_表示肯定意義，_和_表示否定意義。(4)a lot of和 plenty of等短語(yǔ)既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。3、表示兩者和三者的不定代詞(1)表示兩者 : both, either, neither(2)表示三者 : all, any, none, every(3)表示肯定： both, all(4) 表示否定： none, neither練一練：用以上不定代詞填空。我的父母都是醫(yī)生。_街道的兩邊都種了樹(shù)。There are trees on _ sides of the street.= There are trees on _ sid

4、e of the street.He has two sons. _ of them is rich.He has three sons. _ of them is rich.(1)復(fù)合不定代詞 somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody 等是由 some , any ,no ,every, 加上 body, thing 構(gòu)成的 ,叫做復(fù)合不定代詞 ,在句子中當(dāng)單數(shù)使用。(2)somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中； anything, anybody, anyone 一般用于疑

5、問(wèn)句和否定句中。;.(3)如果要在疑問(wèn)句中表示請(qǐng)求、建議等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答復(fù)時(shí)，用 somebody, someone 或 something 。(4) 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞或不定式應(yīng)放在它們的后面。Eg. He has nothing much to do today. 他今天沒(méi)有多少事情做。Lucy hasntanything important to do.露西沒(méi)有任何重要時(shí)做。四、疑難拓展1、few/a few/little/a little(1) 后接名詞的不同。 _和 _后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)， _和 _后接不可數(shù)名詞。Eg. There are _ new words

6、 in the text.課文中有一些新單詞。Can you speak _ English? 你能說(shuō)一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)嗎？(2) 表示肯定意義和否定意義的區(qū)別。_和 _ 表示肯定， _和 _表示否定。Eg. I have _ friends there. I often play with them.There is _ meat at home. Let sbuy some.2、other/others/the other/another(1) other 表示“另一個(gè)”的意思，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，不獨(dú)立使用，通常修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。(2) others 可獨(dú)立使用，無(wú)范圍限定。(3) oth

7、er 和 others 前面加定冠詞the 時(shí)表示特指，不加the 表示泛指。 The other 表示兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)，常用于句型”one the other ”， the others 表示全部其余的人或物。Eg. I have two brothers. _ is a doctor; _ is a teacher.He is always ready to help _.Five of them are in the classroom. What about _?(4) another( 另外一個(gè)，又一個(gè) )，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)名詞，可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，不獨(dú)立使用。前面不加冠詞。Eg

8、. Dontlose heart. Have another try.(5) Another 后可以跟 few 或帶數(shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。Eg. Just think what our town will be like in another few years. Youd better stay in bed for another two weeks.3、 部分否定及完全否定Not 與不定代詞 all, both, every 等表示全部意義的詞連用時(shí)構(gòu)成部分否定； 若要表示完全否定，則需要換用 none, neither, no 等。練一練：翻譯下列句子。All of the students

9、 like the novel._Not all of the students like the novel. _All of the students don tlike the novel._None of the students like the novel. _4、 all, both, each 等用作同位語(yǔ)若用作主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)可以是名詞或代詞；若用作賓語(yǔ)等其他成分的同位語(yǔ)，則賓語(yǔ)等成分必須是人稱(chēng)代詞，而不能時(shí)名詞。Eg. We all have read it.(all 修飾的主語(yǔ)是代詞)The village all have been destroyed.(all 修飾的

10、主語(yǔ)是名詞);.They told us all to wait here.(all修飾的賓語(yǔ)是代詞)5、 one 和 it 的區(qū)別使用(1)it 指代前面的某物。Eg. Where is my pen? I cantfind it.(it指代前面提到的那支筆)(2)one 可以指人，也可以指物。用來(lái)代替上文中提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞以及避免重復(fù)，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。Eg. Your pen is so nice. I want to buy one like this.課堂演練一、單選。1. The two fishermen saw_ in the sky while they were fi

11、shing by a river.A. something strangeB. anything strangeC. strange something D. strange anything2.- Is _ here? -No. Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A. anybodyB. somebody C. everybodyD. nobody3.-Do you want tea or coffee?-_.I really don't mindA. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither4.The old man has tw

12、o sons .One is a soldier, _ is a worker.A. otherB. the otherC. othersD. another5.There are shops on _ side of the street._ of them do not close till 12 at night.A. both; AllB. every; NoneC. either; SomeD. other; Many6.There is not _ meat in my bowl. There is _ chicken in it.A. some; anyB. any; someC

13、. any; anyD. some; some7.Could you do_for me, please?A. everythingB. nothingC. somethingD. anything8.Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know_ about the subject.A. a littleB. littleC. fewD. a few9.-Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?-_, thanks. I think I'll just have a

14、glass of water.A. NoneB. NeitherC. BothD. Either10. Tom shook his head and said to us there was _ in the classroom.A. anybodyB. nobodyC. somebodyD. everybody11. Could I have _ bottle of apple juice, please?A. anotherB. otherC. some moreD. second12. There are 25 techers in this grade. Eight of them a

15、re women teachers and _ are men teachers.A. the other B. the othersC. others D. other13.They were all tired, but _of them took a rest.A. noneB. all C. bothD.either14.-We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which colour do you like?- I m afraid _. I think blue will be OK.A. bothB. eitherC. neitherD. none15

16、.-Can I come this afternoon o tomorrow morning?-_ is OK. I m free today and tomorrow.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None;.二、按要求完成句子。1. Both Tom and Tim are good at sports. （改為否定句）_ Tom _ Tim _ good at sports.2. I cantspeak much English. （同義句轉(zhuǎn)化）I _ speak _ English.3. There is something wrong with his e

17、yes. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _ _ wrong with his eyes?4. This answer is right. That answer is also right （同義句轉(zhuǎn)化）_ this answer _ that one are right.5. They haventvisited the village. She hasn tvisited the village either. （連成一句）_三、下列句子中各有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正。1. It is very difficult, and a few people understand it. _2. Too m

18、any work has to be done. _3. Why not buy any bread? _4. Anyone know how to do it. _5. There is not nothing wrong with the radio. _家庭作業(yè)一、單選。1. The teacher asked the boy many questions, but he only ansewered _ of them.A.someB. lotsC. eachD. few2. -I need something for cutting the paper.-Oh, you want a knife? OK, I ll get _ for you.A. itB.thatC. thisD.one3.Two places of inteerest in Beijing are well known to pe