現(xiàn)代大學英語精讀Book unitLove is a FallacyPPT學習教案

1、會計學1 第1頁/共81頁 How do you think of some of the following viewpoints concerning love? (work in groups)uOne is half when he/she is born. He/She spends most of his/her time in search of the other half. Eventually, he/she finds his/her love. 第2頁/共81頁 Yesterday, Love was such an easy game to play, Now I n

2、eed a place to hide away, Oh, I believe in yesterday. Why she Had to go I dont know, she wouldnt say. I said, Something wrong, now I long for yesterday. Yesterday, Love was such an easy game to play, Now I need a place to hide away, Oh, I believe in yesterday. 第3頁/共81頁 Blue, blue my world is blue Bl

3、ue is my world now I m without you Grey, grey my life is grey Cold is my heart since you went away Red, red my eyes are red Crying for you alone in my bed Green, green my jealous heart I doubted you and now we re apart When we met how the bright sun shone Then love is die Now the rainbow is gone Bla

4、ck, black the night Ive known longing for you so lost and alone Gone, gone the love we knew Blue is my world now Im without you 第4頁/共81頁 第5頁/共81頁 Max Shulman is best remembered for creating the popular character Dobie Gillis, a typical American teen who frequently suffered from romantic angst, a fee

5、ling of persistent worry. The character appeared on a popular television sitcom (i.e. situation comedy情景劇) during the 1950s and was in a feature film in 1953. 第6頁/共81頁 第7頁/共81頁 第8頁/共81頁 There are two main types of arguments: deductive and inductive. A deductive argument is an argument such that the

6、premises provide complete support for the conclusion. An inductive argument is an argument such that the premises provide some degree of support (but less than complete support) for the conclusion. 第9頁/共81頁 第10頁/共81頁 1) an idea which many people believe to be true but which is in fact false because

7、it is based on incorrect information or faulty reasoning.2) a weakness and lack of logic or good sense in an argument or piece of arguing. E.g. The belief that women are always weaker than men is just a fallacy. 第11頁/共81頁 第12頁/共81頁 (Dicto Simpliciter) (絕對判斷絕對判斷）(Hasty Generalization)（草率結論）（草率結論）(Pos

8、t Hoc.)（牽強附會）（牽強附會）(Contradictory Premises)（矛盾前提）（矛盾前提） Analyze the following fallacies第13頁/共81頁 第14頁/共81頁 第15頁/共81頁 第16頁/共81頁 第17頁/共81頁 第18頁/共81頁 第19頁/共81頁 第20頁/共81頁 第21頁/共81頁 第22頁/共81頁 第23頁/共81頁 第24頁/共81頁 第25頁/共81頁 第26頁/共81頁 第27頁/共81頁 Elements of a storyAn American university Dobie Gillis intends

9、to marry Polly Espy, who is his roommate, Petey Burchs girlfriend through his suitable re-education. Protagonist: Dobie Gillis Antagonist: Petey Burch & Polly EspyThe first person point of viewLogics & Love第28頁/共81頁 Part I (4-59):Part II (60-61):Part III (62-98):Part IV (99-123):Part V (124-

10、125):Part VI (126-154):the deal between Dobbie and Peteythe first date between Dobbie and Pollythe second datethe third datethe transitional paragraph the final date第29頁/共81頁 The authors idea about this story: this essay is even freer, even more informal than the ones Lamb wrote. The authors notesTh

11、e authors idea about the purpose of this story: logic is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion and trauma.第30頁/共81頁 A long time第31頁/共81頁 NarratorPeteyPollyroommatesloversCool; logical; keen; calculating; perspicacious; acute; astute; as powerful as a dynamo; as precise as a chemists sca

12、leDumb as an ox; nice but nothing upstairs; emotional; unstable; impressionable; a faddistBeautiful; gracious; an erectness of carriage; an ease of bearing; the best of breeding; exquisite manners; unintelligent第32頁/共81頁 What did they want respectively? What happened among them?They made a dealIs a

13、bargain? Will you take the coat?第33頁/共81頁 第34頁/共81頁 Examples of Antithesis Para. 27, 50 Example of HyperbolePara. 4,50Para. 5, 14, 16, 21, 25, 36第35頁/共81頁 empty-headed; the corresponding British slang is “unfurnished in the upper storey”.designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her a sub

14、ject for the kind of pictures often pinned up on wallsgood, fine, excellenta young personto date someone of the opposite sex regularly and exclusivelyan occasional pleasure; not a serious commitment第36頁/共81頁 古瓷和夢中的孩子像Charles Lamb這樣快樂和富有創(chuàng)新精神的人物并不常見，他寫了古瓷和夢中的孩子這兩篇文章，這兩篇文章可以說解放了散文。第37頁/共81頁 Suggest; pr

15、oposeThe complete lack of some positive characterSound thoughtI believe following passing crazes shows a complete lack of sound judgment.Fad stresses the impulsive enthusiasm with which a fashion is taken up for a short time.Fashion is the prevailing custom in dress, manners, speech, etc. of a parti

16、cular place or time.第38頁/共81頁 闌尾炎闌尾炎One afternoon, when I went back to my dorm, Petey was lying on his bed. He wore such a depressed look that I came to the conclusion at once that he was suffering from appendicitis.第39頁/共81頁 began to work at high speed or efficiencyMy brain, which is as precise as

17、a chemists scales, began to work at high speed.Mixed metaphorBraina machine that has gearsBrainprecision instrument第40頁/共81頁 metonymyHeart-Feelings and emotionsHead-Reason and good senseShe was beautiful and attractive enough to arouse the desires and passions of men, but I would not let feelings or

18、 emotions get the upper hand of reason or good sense. I wanted Polly entirely for a carefully thought out reason.requiring the use of the intellect第41頁/共81頁 lines or shape of the bodySupply what is wantingShe was not yet fully developed like pin-up girls but I felt sure that, given time, she would f

19、ill up and become just as glamorous. glmrs . 富有魅力的;迷人的 第42頁/共81頁 To change direction; to shiftIn fact, she went in the opposite direction. This a sarcastic way of saying that she was rather stupid.第43頁/共81頁 Metaphor?Comparing the competing for friendship to an athletic event.not considered as involv

20、ed in a situationAn area where games are heldIf youre no longer involved with her (if you stop dating her) others would be free to compete for her friendship.第44頁/共81頁 His head turned back and forth (looking at the coat then looking away from the coat). Every time he looked, his desire for the coat

21、grew stronger and his resolution not to give away Polly became weaker.第45頁/共81頁 A vigorous and forceful ability to grapple with complex or obscure problems. e.g. a keen mind for distinctionA sensitivity to nuances that might escape other. E.g. an acute awareness of sthA thorough and profound underst

22、anding. E.g. an astute assessment/evaluation of sthThe most formal of these words; it stresses intensity of perception. E.g. a perspicacious remarkShrewd and cunning第46頁/共81頁 1. (of the feelings) intense, strong, deep(感情）熱烈的，強烈的，深刻的 a keen desire, interst, sense of loss 強烈的愿望、興趣、失落感keen3. (of the mi

23、nd) quick to understand （頭腦）敏捷的，精明的 intelligence 敏捷的智力He exercised keen judgment to rescue the drowning.他當機立斷，救出了那個溺水兒童2. （of the sense) highly developed.(感覺） 靈敏的，很強的理解力 sight 敏銳的視力Dogs have keen sense of smell. 第47頁/共81頁 He was regarded as a calculating man.To Kate, calculating and cold, the most i

24、mportant thing was power. 第48頁/共81頁 Having or showing great insight or judgement,有洞察力的，判斷力強的，有識別力的e.g. a perspicacious analysis of the problem對問題的精辟分析第49頁/共81頁 Dogs have an acute sense of smell.Suffer acute pain, embarrassment, remorseHe is an acute observer and thinker.His judgement is very acute.他

25、的判斷力很強第50頁/共81頁 He is astute and capable. 他精明強干。They are astute financiers. 他們是一些詭計多端的金融家。An lawyer， businessman第51頁/共81頁 第52頁/共81頁 第53頁/共81頁 .fashions are likely to be longer-lastingas fashionable is a complimentfadsfashion第54頁/共81頁 The result of the 1st datePollys languageDisheartening. He found o

26、ut how dumb she really was. Polly was more ignorant than he had expected. The narrator realized that he had to make a great effort to make Polly smart enough to be his wife. exclamatory words like “Gee, Oo, wow-dow” and clipped vulgar forms like “delish, marvy, sensaysh”, etc. to create the impressi

27、on of a simple and rather stupid girl.This contrasts strongly with the language of the narrator, thus increasing the force of satire and irony.第55頁/共81頁 The language in this paragraph is more formal. The narrator felt depressed after the first date with Polly. To bring this feeling out, and to creat

28、e a humorous effect, the writer uses formal phrases such as “with a heavy heart”, “gravely underestimated the size of the task”, “l(fā)ack of information”, “a project of no small dimensions, etc. 第56頁/共81頁 greatTo teach her to think appeared to be a very big task, and at first I even thought of giving h

29、er back to Petey.litotes - A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite, as in: This is no small problem. 曲言法, 間接表達法, 反語法 (以反面的否定代替肯定的詞格, 如:no easy 代替 very difficult, not bad 代替 very good 等)Appear/ to come into sight without clear f

30、orm第57頁/共81頁 A course in logicWhat did they do in this date?第58頁/共81頁 第59頁/共81頁 Please dramatize them and add some new examples to illustrate them.Marital life is very happy, so everyone wants to get married someday.Mr. Wus handwriting is terrible. Mr. Hus handwriting is also terrible and you know h

31、ow terrible mens handwriting is.The last five times Ive worn my white pants, something depressing has happened. I am not going to wear those pants again.Anyone who wants to learn to drive must have a license, but if you want to get a license, you ought to pass the driving test.第60頁/共81頁 Para 94Para

32、98What are the examples?第61頁/共81頁 Please dramatize them and add some new examples to illustrate them.Look at the 14-year-old child whos run away from home to hide her shame-pregnant, unwashed, friendless, penniless, at the mercy of our social service agencies. Can you still claim that sex should be

33、taught in the classroom?Ms Bauer is a terrible English teacher. She always wears blue jeans.In this country citizens are permitted to own guns. Therefore, if guns were outlawed, citizens would be unable to protect themselves and there would be an uncontrollable crime wave.People are like dogs. They

34、respond best to clear discipline 第62頁/共81頁 Please match them!第63頁/共81頁 Teaching Polly the course in logicWorking in a dark tunnelWhat are the similarities between them?Work, sweat, darknessPounded, clawed and scrapedA chink of light-chink got bigger- sun pouring in-all was bright第64頁/共81頁 Synecdoche

35、, human beingThere is a limit to what any human being can bear.a.部分和全體互代；b.以材料代替事物；c.抽象和具體互代；d.以個體代替整個類。 第65頁/共81頁 First she should be a proper hostess of a rich man who owns many mansions. In other words she should be good at entertaining his rich friends and clients and thus further his career. Se

36、cond, she should be a good mother and properly look after his rich and prosperous children.The narrator claimed that he loved Polly. Just as Pygmalion love the perfect woman he had fashioned, the narrator now loved Polly as his creation. Now he was ready to propose for marriage.第66頁/共81頁 Pygmalion and Galatea Professor Higgens and Doolittle第67頁/共81頁 Will you go steady with me?I will not.How did Polly reject him?What does it show?第68頁/共81頁 第69頁/共81頁 The title character in a novel (1818) by Mary Shelley. Franke