中考考前輔導(dǎo)12

1、 中小學(xué)1對1課外輔導(dǎo)專家 教育學(xué)科導(dǎo)學(xué)案教師: 葛進(jìn) 學(xué)生: 日期: 月 星期: 時(shí)段: 課 題 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)與考點(diǎn)分析學(xué)生易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：難點(diǎn)：學(xué)生易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)，狀語從句學(xué)習(xí)方法探究法、分析、對比、歸納總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容與過程回顧所學(xué)：1.Correct the following sentences:1) He went to America to take part in the Olympic Game.2) They are Germen.3) She comes from German.4) All the students and teachers are gathered togethe

2、r now.5) She gives up to look for the lost bike.6) His parents were very glad for his success in business.7) She brushed her gold hair carefully.8) This food is very good to you.9) -What grade are you in?-I'm in grade 1. 中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本had better 【誤】 You have better hurry.【正】 You had better hurry.【析】

3、had better只用過去時(shí)had，不要誤用成現(xiàn)在時(shí)have?！菊`】 You hadn't better worry.【正】 You had better not worry.【析】 had better后面加不帶to的不定式，其否定式是"had better not+動(dòng)詞原形"。half 【誤】 I had driven about half mile.【正】 I had driven about half a mile.【析】 "半小時(shí)"有兩種講法half an hour, a half hour. 而"一個(gè)半小時(shí)"應(yīng)講

4、an hour and a half或one and a half hours."半天"應(yīng)講half a day，"半鎊"應(yīng)講half a pound.但要盡量避免使用half a year，而應(yīng)用six months；不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.【誤】 Half us could go to the park.【正】 Half of us could go to the park.【析】 half用于名詞前可用of結(jié)構(gòu)也可不用of結(jié)構(gòu)，但用于代詞前則必須加of。如：More than half (o

5、f) my classmates are boys.【誤】 One and half apples are left on the table.【正】 One and half apples is left on the table.【析】 一個(gè)半one and half后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，而句中的謂語動(dòng)詞卻要用單數(shù)?！菊`】 Half of the work are done.【正】 Half of the work is done.【誤】 Half of the six apples is red.【正】 Half of the six apples are red.【析】 "ha

6、lf of+名詞"這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后面的名詞相一致，如為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，要用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞；而復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面要加與復(fù)數(shù)相對應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞。hand 【誤】 He shook hand with his teacher.【正】 He shook hands with his teacher.【析】 與某人握手要用shake hands. 與hand有關(guān)的詞組中有很多要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：change hands (轉(zhuǎn)手、易手)，in the hands of (由控制)，join hands (與人合作)。happen 【誤】 What was happened to y

7、ou last month?【正】 What happened to you last month?【誤】 An accident was happened in this street last night.【正】 An accident happened in this street last night.【析】 在英語中不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)，作為"發(fā)生"講的happen，take place和break out都不具有被動(dòng)態(tài)。happen to常用來表達(dá)一件偶然發(fā)生的事，如：If you happen to meet my sister please ask her

8、to call me.hard 【誤】 I have to study hardly.【正】 I have to study hard.【析】 hard是形容詞，如：a hard work，但它同時(shí)也是副詞。hardly是hard的又一副詞形式，但詞意截然不同，意為"幾乎不"?！菊`】 I had my leg broken last term， so I couldn't hardly study at all.【正】 I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.【析】 hardly意為"

9、;否定"，所以不要再加否定詞語了，如果hardly用于句首則應(yīng)采用倒裝語序，如：Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.have 【誤】 I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.【正】 I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.【析】 用have somebody do something還是doing something要取決句子的意思和句中的時(shí)間狀語?！菊`】 I have my bike

10、to repair.【正】 I have my bike repaired.【析】 have something done這一句型是讓某事被別人去作，請看下面兩句意義的不同：I have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行車。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把車推出去讓別人修理了。)【誤】 Could you give me some money if you have.【正】 Could you give me some money if you have any.【析】 "如果你有的話"一句譯為英文應(yīng)加上any一詞，如：I

11、want some books if there is any.headache 【誤】 I've got headache.【正】 I've got a headache.【析】 Headache是一個(gè)規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞，所以可以講：My mother often gets headaches. 但是"牙痛"toothache，"肚子痛"stomacheache等卻都可以用作不可數(shù)名詞，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可數(shù)名詞。hear 【誤】 He was heard sing in the next roo

12、m.【正】 He was heard to sing in the next room.【析】 hear somebody do something這一句式用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要把原來省略的不定式to還原回來。而在hear somebody doing something這一句式中則不會(huì)出現(xiàn)上述問題。如，主動(dòng)態(tài)：I heard her singing in the next room. 變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)態(tài)時(shí)為：She was heard singing in the next room. 這種用法還適用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。hear l

13、isten to hear一詞為聽見了什么，或聽到什么，強(qiáng)調(diào)其結(jié)果；而listen to則強(qiáng)調(diào)有意要聽，聽的傾向。如：I want to listen to you, but I hear nothing.但詞組hear about (of)則為"聽說過"之意，如：I heard about this. (我聽說過此事。)而hear from則為"收到某人信件"之意：I often hear from my girl friend.help 【誤】 Please help my homework.【正】 Please help me do my home

14、work.【正】 Please help me with my homework.【析】 help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something. 意為"幫某人作某事"，但在較古老的語法中不帶to的不定式表示句子的主語參加這個(gè)動(dòng)作，如：He help his mother cook the meal. 即"他和母親一起作飯。"而He help me to do my homework. 則是"他指導(dǎo)我做作業(yè)"。但在現(xiàn)代英語中這個(gè)區(qū)別則往往被取消了。所以帶to與不帶to的不定式在句中意思相同，并無區(qū)別?！菊`

15、】 When I read the play I can't help to think of my childhood.【正】 When I read the play I can't help thinking of my childhood.【析】 can't help doing something是"身不由己，情不自禁做某事"?！菊`】 Help yourself with some cakes.【正】 Help yourself to some cakes.【析】 中文中講"你自己拿蛋糕吃"，英文中要用help some

16、body to something.here 【誤】 Here the bus comes!【正】 Here comes the bus!【析】 副詞在句首時(shí)一般要用倒裝語序，即謂語動(dòng)詞的位置前移。但是，若主語如是人稱代詞，則還是要用正常語序，如：Here we are!high 【誤】 He is very high.【正】 He is very tall.【析】 英語中的兩個(gè)"高"high和tall，其中tall指人指物都是可以的，但high則只指物體的高，所以可以講This building is the highest building in the city.但t

17、all一般不用來指山脈的高低。hit 【誤】 The mother got angry and hit the boy.【正】 The mother got angry and beat the boy.【析】 hit指打到某物之上，一般指一次性打擊，如He hit his head against the wall.(他把頭撞到了墻上。)而beat則指多次性的打擊。home 【誤】 I'm tired. It's time I went to home.【正】 I'm tired. It's time I went home.【析】 home此處用作副詞，所以

18、不應(yīng)加to，又如：I arrived home at eleven thirty yesterday evening.而at home除了"在家"之意外，還有像"在家里一樣"之意。如Make yourself at home.(不要拘束就像在家一樣。)home house family home是指與親人一起居住的地方，可以講a letter from home，所以有人解釋home包括住處和家人。而house的側(cè)重點(diǎn)則在建筑物，如Many new houses were built this year. family一詞，作為整體講其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如

19、：Her family is a happy one.而作為家庭成員講時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，如：My family are all like swimming.homgwork 【誤】 I have so many homework to do today.【正】 I have so much homework go do today.【析】 homework為不可數(shù)名詞。同樣的詞還有work(work作為"著作"、"作品"、"工廠"講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞)，fun，health information等。hope 【誤】 I hope you

20、 to be a good student.【正】 I hope you will be a good student.【析】 hope一詞不能接賓語再加上賓語補(bǔ)足語，但它可以接不定式作賓語，如：I hope to be a scientist.而wish卻可以接賓語加賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：I wish you to be a good student.【誤】 I don't hope you will go to the park tomorrow.【正】 I hope you won't go to the park tomorrow.【析】 hope 和think在否定句中的用

21、法不同，如"我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了"。應(yīng)譯為：I don't think you are right.即否定在前。而hope則不能這樣用。又如在答語中"我不這樣認(rèn)為"應(yīng)譯為I don't think so.或I hope not. 【誤】 I hope your help.【正】 I hope for your help.【析】 hope for為"期望某事發(fā)生"，雖然hope是及物動(dòng)詞，但表達(dá)期望某事情發(fā)生要用"hope for+名詞"這一結(jié)構(gòu)?！菊`】 I was hopeful to pass the e

22、xam.【正】 I was hopeful of passing the exam.【析】 對某事存有希望應(yīng)用"hopeful of (about)+介詞賓語"這一結(jié)構(gòu)。hospital 【誤】 My mother was in the hospital for two weeks.【正】 My mother was in hospital for two weeks.【析】 in hospital為"住院就醫(yī)"。而in (at) the hospital 為"在醫(yī)院(工作)"。如：He is a doctor in (at) the

23、 hospital.類似的用法還有很多，如："上學(xué)"為go to school，at school為"在校就讀"，go to bed為"上床睡覺"。how 【誤】 I want to know how to do.【正】 I want to know how to do it.【析】 how 是關(guān)聯(lián)副詞，要注意與關(guān)聯(lián)代詞的不同用法。如：I want to know what to do.【誤】 How do you think about it?【正】 What do you think about it?【析】 英文中表達(dá)你對某事的

24、看法如何應(yīng)用What do you think about這一句式。hurry 【誤】 Let's hurry. There is a little time left.【正】 Let's hurry. There is little time left.【誤】 Don't worry. There is little time left.【正】 Don't worry. There is a little time left.【析】 請注意英語中的慣用法："快點(diǎn)吧，沒時(shí)間了"，或"別著急還有一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。"【誤】 The c

25、ar is hurrying through the street.【正】 The car is rushing throught the street.【析】 hurry一詞只用于人而不用于物體。hundred 【誤】 There are two hundreds people here.【正】 There are two hundred people here.【誤】 There are hundred of people here.【正】 There are hundreds of people here.【析】 hundred一詞前如有數(shù)字時(shí)不論多少其后都不加s，這和thousand(

26、千)等數(shù)量詞的用法一樣，而hundreds of是數(shù)百的，這一詞組一定要加s.hurt 【誤】 I don't want to wound her feelings.【正】 I don't want to hurt her feelings.【析】 wound是指戰(zhàn)場上的刀槍傷(名詞)，或用刀槍"傷害"、"打傷"(動(dòng)詞)。語法梳理：狀 語 從 句 狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、地點(diǎn)、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、比較等意義。知識梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)！ 各類狀語從句連接詞（短語）一

27、覽表：時(shí)間when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before條件If, unless原因As, because, since地點(diǎn)Where目的So that, in order that結(jié)果So that, sothat, suchthat讓步though, although, even if, however方式As 比較than, (not)asas, 時(shí)間狀語從句：Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次來都帶個(gè)朋友。條件狀語從句：As long as I am alive, I w

28、ill go on studying. 只要我活著， 我就要學(xué)習(xí)。原因狀語從句：Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我們住在海邊，能享受到好的天氣。地點(diǎn)狀語從句：Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我們都能看到的位置。目的狀語從句：Finish this so that you can start another.把這個(gè)做完，你可以開始另一個(gè)。結(jié)果狀語從句：He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 他氣得說不出話了。讓步狀語從句：Though he

29、 is in poor health, he works hard.雖然他身體不好，但是他工作很努力。方式狀語從句：Students do as the teachers say.學(xué)生們按照老師說的去做。比較狀語從句：The work isnt as easy as I thought.這項(xiàng)工作比我想象得難。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！易混引導(dǎo)詞while, when, as的區(qū)別： when既可以指“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,與瞬間動(dòng)詞連用，也可以指“時(shí)間段”，與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用（=while）。如：When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While)

30、we were at school, we went to the library every day.While表示時(shí)間段,因此，while 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working.As與when用法相似，但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作與從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，有“隨著”或“一邊一邊”之意。如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.隨著年齡的增長，你獲得的知識就越多。2Because,as,since 的區(qū)別：Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的問題，語氣最強(qiáng)；

31、As用于說明原因, 著重點(diǎn)在主句，常譯成“由于”；since表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實(shí)，常譯成“既然”。如：Water is very important because we cant live without it.He didnt come yesterday as his mother was ill.Ill do it for you since you are busy.3suchthat, sothat, so that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別：such是形容詞，修飾名詞; so 是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：1) such + a (n)+ 形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+th

32、at2) such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that 3) such +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that。如：This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.=He

33、is so lovely a boy that we all like him.注：在“形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)名詞前有many, much, few, little表示數(shù)量的多少時(shí)，名詞前用so。如：She made so many mistakes that she didnt pass the exam.練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！選擇合適的連接詞，完成下列句子。1.Jim spends a lot of money on books_he is not rich. 2.Kate fell into sleep _she was listening to the

34、 music.3.-Is David at school today? -No. He is at home _he has a bad cold.4.We wont have supper _my mother comes back.5.Speak to him slowly _he may understand you better.6. _ she doesnt come on Sunday, Ill go fishing by myself.7.It is four years _I had left that small village.8. _the air moves, it i

35、s called wind.9.We will go to the park _it doesnt rain tomorrow.10._little boys did _much work. 11.There are few new words in the passage _we cant understand it.12.Go back _you come from.13.He reached the station _the train had left.14.-Do you have a swimming pool? -No, we dont. At least, not _big _

36、yours.15.Give me your paper _you have finished it.16.It is raining hard, _we have to stay at home.17. _you work harder, youll never pass the final exam.18.Look after te children _I am out.19.The village is _far away _I cant get there on foot.20.That is _an interesting book _I cant stop reading it.缺詞

37、填空小練：Passage 11Today people can u 1 the phone to talk with others almost anywhere on the earth. But when you use the phone, you dont see the person you are t 2 with. That may c 3 in the future.Today some people are using a kind of telephone c 4 “Picture phone” or “Vision phone”. W 5 it, two people w

38、ho are talking can see each other. Picture phones can be useful when you have s 6 to show the person youre calling. They may have other uses in the future. One day you may be able to ring up a l 7 and ask to borrow a book. Then youll be able to read the book right over your picture phone. Or you may

39、 be able to go shopping t 8 your picture phone. If you see something in the newspaper that you think you want to buy, youll go to your phone and call the shop. People at the shop will s 9 you the thing youre interested in right over the phone. Youll be able to shop all over town and n 10 leave your

40、room. 1_2_3_4_5_6_7_8_9_10_Passage 12Henry was worried. This was his first time to go traveling by air. He did not know h 1 to find his seat, so he went to the air hostess and asked, “Could you help me? I cant find my seat.” The air hostess s 2 him the seat and told him to sit d 3 and fasten the sea

41、t belt. She told Henry not to m 4 about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Henrys ears might feel a little s 5 , but he didnt need to worry about it b 6 many people felt like that. When the plane was f 7 very high, Henry could stand up and walk round. He could e 8 read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would b 9 food and drinks. Henry could e 10 the flight and arrived home soon. 1_2_3_4_5_6_7_8_9_10_Passage 13Some of