高中生物 第7章 第2節(jié) 現(xiàn)代生物進化理論的主要內(nèi)容課件 新人教版必修2 (34)

1、必修必修 4 Unit 1Women of achievement 重點單詞重點單詞1. _n. 成就；功績_n. 完成；成就；達成2. _n. 福利；福利事業(yè)3. _n. 學會；學院；協(xié)會4. _n. 專家；專業(yè)工作者_adj. 專門的；專攻的5. _n. 連接；關(guān)系_v. 連接；銜接6. _n. 運動；戰(zhàn)役vi.作戰(zhàn)；參加運動7. _n. 組織；機構(gòu)；團體_vt. 組織8. _vt.& vi. 舉動；（舉止或行為）表現(xiàn)_n. 行為；舉止；習性9. _n. 蔭；陰涼處vt.遮蔽光線10._ adj. 值得的；值得做的achievementachievewelfareinstitute

2、specialistspecialconnectionconnectcampaignorganizationorganizebehavebehaviourshadeworthwhile學生用書見P80 重點單詞重點單詞11. _vt. 觀察；觀測；遵守 _n. 觀察；觀測12. _adj. 直言的；坦誠13. _vt.& n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 _adj. 體面地；值得尊敬的 _adj. 尊敬的14. _vt.& vi. 討論；辯論；爭論 _n. 爭論；爭辯；爭吵15. _n. 款待；娛樂；娛樂表演 _v. 款待（客人）；請客；招待16. _n. 人群；觀眾vt.擠滿；使擁擠1

3、7. _vt. 鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示 _n. 靈感；鼓舞observeobservationoutspokenrespectrespectablerespectfulargueargumententertainmententertaincrowdinspireinspiration 重點單詞重點單詞18. _n.& vt. 支持；擁護19. _vi. 談到；查閱；參考 _n. 參考；參照；涉及20. _n. 觀眾；聽眾；讀者21. _vt. 計劃；打算 _adj. 有意的；有計劃的 _ n. 意向；意志22. _n. 突發(fā)事件；緊急情況23. _n. 一代；一輩supportreferre

4、ferenceaudienceintendintendedintentionemergencygeneration 重點單詞重點單詞24. _adj. 考慮周到的 _n. 考慮；體諒 _v. 認為；考慮 _adj. 客觀的；相當?shù)模恢档每紤]的25. _ vt. 遞送；生（小孩）；接生；發(fā)表（演說等） _n. 遞送；發(fā)送；遞送品26. _adj. 謙虛的；謙讓的；適度的considerateconsiderationconsiderconsiderabledeliverdeliverymodest 重點短語重點短語1. _ 離開；啟程；出發(fā)2. _ 過著的生活3. _ (想法、問題等)涌上心頭；

5、涌入腦海4. _ 蔑視；瞧不起5. _ 查閱；談到；參考6. _ 碰巧；湊巧7. _ (偶然)遇見；碰見8. _ 為準備9. _ 繼續(xù)；堅持move offlead a.lifecrowd inlook down upon/onrefer toby chancecome acrossbe intended forcarry on1.“only+狀語”置于句首引起倒裝Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. (教材P2)2.“it hi

6、ts me.”意為“我突然想到”Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. (教材P6)3.強調(diào)句式it is/was+被強調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分. it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. (教材P6) 重點句型重點句型主謂語一致.our group are all going to visit

7、 them in the forest. (教材P2)Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. (教材P2).our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon. (教材P2)語法要點語法要點behave vt.& vi.舉動；(舉止或行為)表現(xiàn)Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years

8、and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. （教材P2）簡研究這些黑猩猩家族已經(jīng)很多年了，她幫助人們了解了黑猩猩跟人類的行為是多么的相似。1學生用書見P81 behave oneself 舉止規(guī)矩些 behave towards sb. 對某人的態(tài)度如何 behave well/badly 舉止良好/糟糕 Do behave！ 規(guī)矩些！(2) well-behaved 表現(xiàn)好的 badly-behaved 表現(xiàn)差的(3)behaviour n.U 舉止，行為(1) I want you to behave you

9、rself while I am away.我不在家時你要守規(guī)矩些。 The little boy behaved with great courage in the face of the gunman. 在持槍歹徒面前這小男孩表現(xiàn)得極有勇氣。 Some children could be noisy and badly behaved.有些孩子會吵鬧而且表現(xiàn)差。 Much to my surprise， he behaved as if nothing had happened. In general， I was quite pleased with his behaviour.使我非常

10、吃驚的是，他表現(xiàn)得好像什么也沒發(fā)生。總之，我對他的行為非常滿意。worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得的；有價值的However， the evening makes it all worthwhile. (教材P2)不過到傍晚時分我們覺得這一切都是值得的。2 Its worthwhile doing sth. Its worthwhile to do sth. be worth+n. 值得 be (well) worth doing sth. (很)值得做某事 of sth. 值得 of being done to be done(1) 值得做(2) 值得做某事(3)be worthy

11、 It is worthwhile improving/to improve working conditions for the workers.努力改善工人的工作條件是值得做的。 The northerner thinks it is a worthwhile journey, but I think it is worthless. 北方人認為這是一次值得的旅行，但我認為沒有價值。 In my opinion， the book is well worth reading/worthy of being read/worthy to be read.依我看來，這本書很值得讀。 Im af

12、raid the ring is worth quite a lot of money now.恐怕這枚戒指現(xiàn)在值很多錢。observe vt.觀察；觀測；遵守；慶祝She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. （教材P2）她花了多年的時間來觀察并記錄黑猩猩的日常活動。3 sth./sb. 觀察某物/某人 sb.do sth. 觀察某人做某事(全過程) sb.doing sth. 觀察某人正在做某事 that. 觀察 observation n. 觀察；觀察力 be under observation 受到監(jiān)視

13、escape ones observation 避開某人的注意（1）observe（2） I observed a stranger go/going into the office.我注意到一個陌生人進入了辦公室。 The woman was observed to follow him closely.有人看到那個女子緊跟著他。 When I was a child， I would observe the night sky.當我小的時候，我常常觀察夜空。 The police observed that the driver did not observe the traffic ru

14、les.警察注意到那位司機沒有遵守交通規(guī)則。 They will observe their wedding anniversary.他們將慶祝他們的結(jié)婚紀念日。respect vt.& n.尊敬；尊重；敬意For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. （教材P2）40年來，簡古道爾一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重這些動物的生活。4 sb./sth. 尊重某人/某物 sth.

15、doing sth. have/show respect for sb./sth. 尊重某人/某物 win/earn/gain the respect of 得到的尊重 with respect 尊敬地，尊重地 in this respect 在這方面 in all/many respects 在各個/許多方面(3)respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬的；尊重人的；有禮貌的(4)respectable adj. 可敬的；有名望的；體面的；值得尊敬的（2）(1)respect sb.for因而尊敬某人 He is highly respected by everyone for his

16、honesty.他因誠實而深受大家的尊敬。 They have a great respect for his ability.他們十分尊重他的才能。 The boy is always respectful to aged people這男孩對老人總是彬彬有禮。 It is not respectable to spit on the sideway.在人行道上吐痰是不禮貌的。argue vi.& vt.討論；爭論；爭辯；說服；用辯論證明She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used f

17、or entertainment or advertisements. （教材P2）她主張應(yīng)該讓野生動物留在野外生活，而不能用于娛樂或廣告。5 argue for. 為而爭論，為而辯護 argue against 爭辯（反對） argue with sb.on/about/over sth. 與某人爭辯某事(2)argue o/out of doing sth. 說服某人做/不做某事(3)argument n 爭論；爭辯；論點(1) He argued against smoking， and insisted that it was beyond argument that sm

18、oking was harmful to health.他反對吸煙并且堅持認為吸煙有害健康是無可爭辯的。 Its no use arguing about the question with him, for he wont change his opinion.關(guān)于這個問題和他爭論是沒有用的，他不會改變自己的觀點的。 The speaker argued that more foreigners should be admitted to the country.演講者主張應(yīng)該允許更多的外國人入境。 We argued her into attending the party.我們說服她參加

19、宴會。intend vt.計劃；打算I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside. (教材P6)我仔細地看了這篇文章，了解到那是為農(nóng)村婦女寫的。6 intend sb.to do sth. 打算讓某人做某事 to do sth. doing sth. be intended for 專供使用 be intended to do sth./for sth. 是用來(2)intend that+(should) do sth. 打算，想(3)had inte

20、nded to do sth.=intended to have done sth.過去本打算做（但未做成）(1)打算做某事 intend Where do you intend to spend your summer vacation this year?你今年打算在什么地方度過暑假? I intend that John should go and help them with their work.我的意思是要約翰去幫助他們工作。 Miss Wang had intended to catch the first bus, but she didnt get up early enou

21、gh. 王小姐原本打算乘第一趟公汽的，但是她起床不夠早。look down on/upon 蔑視；輕視；瞧不起Many people look down upon poor people. (教材P4)許多人瞧不起窮人。1look forward to 盼望;期待look into 調(diào)查；觀察;窺視look on/upon.as. 把看作look out (for.) 注意；留意；留神look through 瀏覽;仔細查看look up to 尊敬;仰視學生用書見P82 He has been looking forward to going to England for a long ti

22、me.他盼望去英國已經(jīng)好久了。 He looked upon his wife as the better half.他把妻子看做是賢內(nèi)助。 Look out for cars while crossing the road.過馬路時當心車輛。 refer to 提到，說到；參考，參閱If the word group refers to different members， use a plural verb. （教材P5）如果單詞“group”指不同的成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2 refer to.as. 把稱作 refer.to. 把提交給（以求獲得幫助） reference n. 言及，提

23、及；參考，查閱 in/with reference toin connection with 關(guān)于 without reference to 與無關(guān)；不管（1） （2） look up, refer to都有“參考”、“查詢”的意思，但搭配不同。look up賓語多為word， information等，不可以是book，dictionary， sb.等。 refer to意思比較廣泛，既可作“查詢”“查找”講，又可作“談到”“提及”講。其賓語多為book， dictionary， sb.等。 You may look up the word in the dictionary if you

24、dont know its meaning.如果你不知道這個單詞的意思，你可以查一下詞典。 If you dont know the spelling of a word, you should refer to a dictionary.如果你不會拼寫某個詞，你應(yīng)當查一下詞典。 He never referred to his sisters in his letters.他在信里從未提到過他的姊妹。 All his classmates referred to him as “Blackbeard”.他的同學都稱他為“黑胡子”。 Tom is going to refer the matt

25、er to the meeting.湯姆打算把這件事提交到會議上去處理。come across（偶然）遇見；碰見By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in womens diseases. (教材P6)很偶然地，我看到了一篇關(guān)于林巧稚醫(yī)生的文章，她是一位婦科專家。3run across/intomeet by chance/accident（偶然）遇見；碰見 She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在一個抽

26、屜里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些舊照片。 They didnt know how the change had come about.他們不知道這個變化是怎樣產(chǎn)生的?！皁nly+狀語”置于句首引起倒裝Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. （教材P2）她母親頭幾個月來幫她的忙，這才使她得以開始自己的計劃。學生用書見P82(1) only在句首修飾作狀語的副詞或介詞短語時，句子要倒裝。(2) only在句首修飾狀語從句時，主句要用倒裝語序，從句不用

27、倒裝語序。(3) only在句首修飾句子的主語時，不用倒裝語序。含有否定意義的副詞或連詞，如never， not， not only， little， seldom， hardly， not until， neither， nor， no sooner等放在句首時，句子要用部分倒裝形式，即把助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或連系動詞置于主語之前。需要注意的是，在no sooner.than.和hardly.when.引導的句子中，倒裝部分常用過去完成時。 Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the

28、 end.因為有些人取消了預(yù)訂，他最后才獲得了一些票。 Only in this way can we improve our English.只有以這種方法，我們才能提高英語水平。 Only he can answer the question.只有他能回答這個問題。 Not only did he read the book， but also he remembered what he had read.他不僅看了這本書，而且他還記住了他所讀的內(nèi)容。 Hardly had the bell rung when the students rushed out of the classroo

29、m.鈴一響學生們就沖出了教室。.品句填詞品句填詞（用所給詞的恰當形式或根據(jù)語境寫一個合適的詞）1.After she has retired, she will resolve (devote) to doing the housework, especially cooking for the family. 【答案】【答案】1.to be devoted2.Jane Goodall went to Africa and made research, which showed many similar (connect) between chimps and human beings. 【答

30、案】【答案】 2.connections3.The old man came in, with two young men (support) his body.【答案】【答案】3.supporting4.Swimming across the lake for the first time is a great (achieve).【答案】【答案】 4.achievement5.Those frequently (refer) to as “white-collar workers” are really expert at professional and technical fields

31、. 【答案】【答案】referred學生用書見P846.Once she got the notion that being pretty should be proud of, she will look down those ordinary-looking kids.【答案】【答案】6.on/upon7.In (consider) of your extensive experience in the field, we are glad to appoint you as our agent.【答案】【答案】7.consideration8.Though motorcycle has

32、been strictly checked before (deliver) from the factory, there is still possibility of trouble in operation.【答案】【答案】8.being delivered9.Almost 40 years ago, a community service (organize) started providing eyes care in western India.【答案】【答案】9.organization10.If you cannot read loud something fluently

33、and correctly, how could you speak it fluently and correctly without (refer) to its written transcription? 【答案】【答案】10.referring/reference.單句改錯單句改錯（含詞匯和本單元的語法）1.Boys, behave you! It is impolite to play around talking loudly while others are taking their rest.【答案】【答案】youyourselves2.If you do not see p

34、eople you love for more than a year, then you definitely do not want to argue them.【答案】【答案】在argue后加上with3.The Student Union has made it clear that whoever is observed cheat in the exam wont get away with it.【答案】【答案】cheatcheating4.Memories crowded in him as soon as he met the friend whom he had heard

35、 nothing of for over thirty years.【答案】【答案】在in后加上on /upon5.He is the only one of the students who come from England.【答案】【答案】comecomes6.I intended to finish the program in two days, but my mother was ill and I had to stay in the hospital to take care of her.【答案】【答案】在intended前加上had或finishhave finished7

36、.I was about to leave the house when this hit me that I forgot to turn off the gas in the kitchen.【答案】【答案】thisit8.It is worthwhile sort out your thoughts before delivering a speech.【答案】【答案】sortto sort 或sorting9.There are many a boy here today who looks on war as all glory, but boys, it is all hell.【答案】【答案】areis10.In fact, none