名詞性從句版本2ppt課件

1、定義：定義：在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句，統(tǒng)稱為名詞從句。在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句，統(tǒng)稱為名詞從句。 根根據(jù)它們在句中所起的語法作用，這類從句又可分為主語從據(jù)它們在句中所起的語法作用，這類從句又可分為主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句。句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句。1. Who will go with us has not been decided.Dont be satisfied with what you have achieved.That is what we agreed on at the meeting.No one can deny(否認否認the fact

2、 that he has made much progress.從句做主語從句做主語從句做賓語從句做賓語從句做表語從句做表語從句做從句做同位語同位語在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。名詞性從句主語從句 表語從句 賓語從句 同位語從句 連接代詞連接代詞 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever連接副詞連接副詞 how, why, when, where however, wherever連接詞連接詞that, whether, if, becauseas if /as though（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分） 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞

3、主語從句：主語從句：1. How we can raise our production remains a problem.句中句中 how引導(dǎo)的從句做主語，故被稱為主語從句。引導(dǎo)的從句做主語，故被稱為主語從句。主語從句可以直接放在主語位置，也可以用主語從句可以直接放在主語位置，也可以用“it做方式做方式主語，而將從句放在句末尤其是當(dāng)謂語較短時，主語，而將從句放在句末尤其是當(dāng)謂語較短時， that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句用引導(dǎo)的主語從句用it作方式主語尤為多見。作方式主語尤為多見。1. That light travels in straight lines is known to all.It i

4、s known to all that light travels in straight lines.2. Whether the meeting will be called off has not been announced.It has not been announced whether the meeting will be called off.在名詞性從句中一概用陳說句的語序，即使在名詞性從句中一概用陳說句的語序，即使從句表達的是疑問含義。從句表達的是疑問含義。 The problem is what he has done to the little boy. 問題是他對那

5、個小男孩做了些什么。問題是他對那個小男孩做了些什么。 Who will win the match is still unknown. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. That he stole a bike was true. 單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)方式。單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)方式。Where and when he was born has not been found.有些用有些用“it作方式主語的主語從句構(gòu)造曾經(jīng)構(gòu)成固定用作方式主語的主語從句構(gòu)造曾經(jīng)構(gòu)成

6、固定用法和譯法。常見的有下面法和譯法。常見的有下面4種：種：1It is +名詞名詞+從句從句e.g It is a fact that 現(xiàn)實是?，F(xiàn)實是。 It is good news that 。是個好音訊。是個好音訊 It is common knowledge that 。是常識。是常識2) It is +描畫詞描畫詞+從句從句e.g. It is necessary that 有必要。有必要。 It is clear that 很清楚。很清楚。 It is (un)likely that 很不能夠。很不能夠。3It is +過去分詞過去分詞+從句從句 e.g. It is said

7、that 聽說。聽說。 It is reported that 據(jù)報道。據(jù)報道。 It has been proved that 已證明。已證明。 It must be pointed out that 必需指出。必需指出。4It +不及物動詞不及物動詞+從句從句 e.g. It seems/appears that 好象是。好象是。 It happened that 碰巧。碰巧。 It follows that 由此可見。由此可見。 It has turned out that 結(jié)果是。結(jié)果是。1. Will you tell me how I can keep fit?2. I dont

8、know where Tom got the stick.3. I thought it strange that he failed in the exam.4. I dont think you are right. 5. Pay attention to what the teacher said. 6. Im afraid I cant accept your invitation做及物動詞后面的賓語做及物動詞后面的賓語做介詞后面的賓語做介詞后面的賓語某些描畫詞的賓語某些描畫詞的賓語2. 賓語從句1.)由銜接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由銜接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔(dān)任任

9、何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但有兩個以上賓語從句時,第二個分句that不可省。 . He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.2)當(dāng)主句是I/ We think (suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) 時，其后的賓語從句假設(shè)能否認方式，常把否認詞not從從句中轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中成為否認的轉(zhuǎn)移。 We dont believe that he will win the game. I dont think he will do

10、so. 3)銜接代詞whoever，whatever，whichever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，相當(dāng)于anyone who, anything that等。它們也可以引導(dǎo)退讓狀語從句，相當(dāng)于 no matter who/ what/ which。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 3. 表語從句引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if, because 引導(dǎo)。其根本構(gòu)造為： 主語 + 系動詞 + 銜接詞 The fact is that we have lost the game. Thats j

11、ust what I want. This is where our problem lies. That is why he didnt come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain. This is because he missed the train by one minute.需求留意的是，當(dāng)主語是reason 時，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morn

12、ing. 4. 同位語從句同位語從句闡明其前面的名詞的詳細內(nèi)容。 同位語從句普通跟在某些表示籠統(tǒng)概念 的名詞后,如 news, idea, information, fact, hope,thought, belief 等，用來闡明名詞所表示的詳細內(nèi)容， 引導(dǎo)同位語從句的銜接詞通常有that, whether和銜接副詞when, where, why, how；銜接代詞who，what，whose，which通常不引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 I have no idea when she will be back. I had no idea that you were here.Have you go

13、t the ideathatthis book gives you of life in ancient Greece？(that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,不能省略(that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略Difference: Difference: 同位語從句相當(dāng)于一個名詞，對前面的名詞起解釋和闡明作用；同位語從句相當(dāng)于一個名詞，對前面的名詞起解釋和闡明作用；引導(dǎo)同位語從句的引導(dǎo)同位語從句的thatthat不等于或不能交換前面的名詞，無實義不等于或不能交換前面的名詞，無實義不作句子成分，只起銜接作用，且不可省略。不作句子成分，只起銜接作用，且不可省略。定語從句相當(dāng)于一個描畫詞，對前面的名詞、代詞起修飾

14、限制定語從句相當(dāng)于一個描畫詞，對前面的名詞、代詞起修飾限制作用；作用；ThatThat在定語從句中就是先行詞的替身，在定語從句中不但在定語從句中就是先行詞的替身，在定語從句中不但起銜接作用，而且充任一個句子成分起銜接作用，而且充任一個句子成分, ,作賓語時可省。作賓語時可省。( )The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value.The suggestion that he made is of great value.Rule: that +完好句子完好句子 同位語從句同位語從句 that +不完好句子不完好句子 定語從

15、句定語從句定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別：定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別：1. The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.2. The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.3. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4. The suggestion that they a

16、re considering is that students should learn something practical.同位語同位語定語從句定語從句 同位語同位語 定語從句定語從句 ( ) He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart. 2. My worry is that he can get there on time. 3. The reason why he failed was because he hadnt studied hard. 4. I wonder if it is t

17、rue or not. The problem is that what we should do next. That is all what I know.whetherthatwhetherthat或或what 改成改成that 1. The photographs will show you _MET1989 A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 2.調(diào)查引導(dǎo)詞that與wh

18、at的區(qū)別高考題例示： 1. _we cant get seems better than _we have. (NMET2019)A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what2. No one can be sure _ in a million years. (MET1991)what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 3.調(diào)查it在名詞性從句中作方式主語或方式

19、賓語的用法高考題例示： 1. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET2019)A. There B. This C. That D. ItExercises:Choose the best answer Can you tell me the railway station ? A. how I can get to B. how can I get to C. where I can get to D. where can I get to 2. He asked me hi

20、s story. A. I liked B. did you like C. if did I like D. if I liked 3. Tim told his teacher that he born in 1986. A. was B. had been C. is D. has been4. It is suggested that we _ to the park later. A. will go B. went C. go D. has gone 5. Mother asked the kid with his toy car. A.what the matter was B. what was the matter C. what the matter is D. what the matter is6. She told me that she_ you in London a year before. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. has met1 -I drove to Zhuhai for air show last week. -Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where2 His health