(完整word版)人教版初一英語下冊各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié),推薦文檔

1、i人教版初一英語下冊各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?一、 單詞與詞組Join:表示“參加，加入”，此處指參加社團(tuán)或組織，成為其中的成員。Join the army 參軍 join the NBA 加入美國籃球協(xié)會(huì)Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 參加體育 /音樂 /英語 /象棋俱樂部X_Pay|樂器類+the| f play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano、非樂器類 + the ；play soccer/ basketball/volley

2、ball/football/tennis/badminton(英式足球/籃球/排球/英式足球，美式橄欖球/網(wǎng)球/羽毛球)Be good at+ sth./doi ng sth.擅長做某事Be good with 與相處得好Be good to 對(duì)友好=be frie ndly toBe good for 對(duì)有好處Like to do sth.特指某一次的動(dòng)作；like doing sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性的愛好。兩者都表示喜 歡做某事，在僅僅表達(dá)“喜歡”時(shí)兩者可以通用。Tell: Tell stories 講故事 tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告訴

3、某人某事 /不要做某 事 LHelp：Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth.幫助某人做某事Help yourself/sb. (to sth.肥某物(尤其是指食物 你料等)拿給自己/某人 cant help doing sth 情不自禁做某事Call at 用于打某人的電話 e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742Home：1.表示動(dòng)態(tài)概念。意思是“回家”，“到家”。前面不加介詞。這里的 home 是 副詞，表示目的地。e.g. 1)When do you go home every day?你每天

4、什么時(shí)候回家？2)He drives homeafter work.他下班的開車回家。3)She ofte n does some shopp ing on his way home.她經(jīng)常在回家途中買些東西。2. at home 表示靜態(tài)概念。意思是“在家”。這里的home 是名詞，表示具體地點(diǎn)。e.g. 1) Is she at home?她在家嗎？ 2)He left his book at home.他把書放在家里了。 Gohome 回家 get home 至嫁at home 在家廣 Also 也，而且；較正式，用于肯定句，緊跟動(dòng)詞。Y e.g. I can speak English

5、 and I can also speak Chines 我能說英文也能說中文。Too 多用于口語，放在句末。E.g. Me too.jEither 多用于否定句，放在句末。E.g. He hasntfinished, either.他也沒有完成。iiShow sb. sth. /show sth. To sb.展示給某人看3Unit 2 What time do you go to school?時(shí)間連詞：when=while 當(dāng)時(shí) then 然后 after that 在那之后at+ 時(shí)間點(diǎn) /sb. do sth. at about +寸間點(diǎn)for breakfast/l un ch/d

6、 inn er 睡覺 go to bed二go to sleep 睡覺 take a tap 午休，小睡一會(huì)兒 反: get up 起床 Time |表時(shí)間，不可數(shù)；表次數(shù)，可數(shù)。Some times 幾次 sometimes 有時(shí) some time 一段時(shí)間 sometime 某個(gè)時(shí)候 系動(dòng)詞 Ittastes/smells/looks/sounds/feel 嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來（含被 動(dòng)意味，但不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來像 eitheror 二選一neitherno

7、r 兩者都不連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的一個(gè)主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即就近原則。e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。Neither dad nor mumjs at home today.今天父母都不在家。Here 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句表位置的副詞放在句首時(shí)，如主語是代詞，不倒裝；表位置的副詞放在句首時(shí)，如主語是名詞，要用全部倒裝。e.g. Here it is! Here he comes.（代詞不倒裝）Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus.（名詞倒裝）Show

8、time 作秀時(shí)間，表演開始talk show 脫口秀（美國脫口秀節(jié)目）4關(guān)于時(shí)間的問法（1）以 when 提問，什么時(shí)候”可以是較長的時(shí)間段，也可以是較短的時(shí)間點(diǎn)51When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么時(shí)候？2My birthday is Dec. 29th.我的生日是 12 月 29 日。這里就是指一天的時(shí)間段1When do you go home? 你幾點(diǎn)回家？2I go home at 4:30 p.m.我下午 4: 30 回家.這里 when 問的是具體的時(shí)間。具體幾點(diǎn)我們通常用 what time 提問What time is it now?現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？

9、or Whaf s the time?幾點(diǎn)了？It s 9:26 現(xiàn)在九點(diǎn)二十六 What time is it by your watch? 你手表幾點(diǎn)了？3What time do you get up?你幾點(diǎn)起床?Unit 3 How do you get to school?many students |是單指學(xué)生數(shù)量多：側(cè)重?cái)?shù)量many of the stude nts 是指學(xué)生中很多一部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 too太二1. too much 意為“太多”，+不可數(shù)名詞/+動(dòng)詞。e.ghad too much housework to do yesterday .昨天我有太多的家務(wù)活要干。S

10、he talks too much . 她說話太多。It s 8:36. Oh, Its 50 minu，ate 它慢了 50 分鐘I get up at 6:00 a.m.我早上 6 點(diǎn)起床。6much too 意思是“過分：太”：隱含了過分而不恰當(dāng)之意:much too+形容詞或副詞，不+動(dòng)詞。e.g.The question is much too difficult.You re walking much too fast .你走得太快了。2.too to太而不能 .e.g. You are never too young to study.同： sothat太 以至于 e.g.The

11、 river runs too quickly for boats.二The river suns too quickly to row a boat.=The river runs so quickly that people can row a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Don t eat in class.、詞組school rules 學(xué)校規(guī)章制度 break the rules 違反規(guī)章制度 make the rules 制定規(guī)章. in thehallways 在過道 in the music room 在音樂教室里 in the dining

12、 hall 在餐廳 be in bed 在床上be late for遲至 Ulisten to music 聽音樂 wash my clothes 洗衣服 make dinner 做飯 have to do 不得不做too many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)；too much +不可數(shù)名詞“太多”by ten o clock 十點(diǎn)之前 on school nights 上學(xué)的晚上on weekends 在周末go to the childre n s palace 去少年宮after school 放學(xué)后 sports shoes 運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋 gym class 體育課二、句型(1) Don t arrive l

13、ate for class.(2) We can t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.(3) -What else do you have to do?-We have to clea n the classroom.(4) -Ca n we wear hats in school?-Yes, we can/ No, we can t.(5) -Do you have to wear a uniform at school?-Yes, we do /No, we don t.(6) What ar

14、e the rules at your school?(7) 重難點(diǎn)精析：祈使句通常用來表示命令、請(qǐng)求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構(gòu)成通常有以下幾種形式。這道題太難了71)Be 型(即系動(dòng)詞原型 be+表語+其他)。如：Be quiet,please.否定句 Don t + be+表語+其他。如：Don t be an gry.2)Do 型(即系動(dòng)詞原形+賓語+其他)。如：Open you books, please.否定句 Don t +實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+賓語+其他。如：Don t eat in the classroom.3）Let 型（即 Let+賓語+動(dòng)詞

15、原形+其他）如：Let me help you.Let s go at six o clock.否定句一般在賓語后加 n ot。如：Let not watch TV.4）No+V-ing 型（此種形式通常用于公共場合的提示語中，意為“禁止做某事“）如：No smoking! 嚴(yán)禁吸煙！No talking!不許交談！No passing!禁止通行！No parking! 不許停車！Must 與 have to l.must 表主觀看法，主觀上的必要 have to 表客觀需要e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in

16、 the middle of the night. 我弟弟 病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來。（客觀上需要做這件事）He said that they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）2. have to 有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而 must 只有一種形式。3. 在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：dont have to 表示不必”；must nt 表示”禁止”。e.g. You dont have to (needn 沒必要)tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。You mustnt (can 不能)tell him about it.你一定不要把

17、這件事告訴他 On time |準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)。In time 及時(shí)，遲早e.g.We were just in time for (to catch ) the bus.我們及時(shí)趕上了公車。The train pulled in on time.車準(zhǔn)時(shí)至竝占。Unit 5 Why do you like pan das?、詞組wa nt to do sth 想要做某事wa nt sb to do sth 想要某人做某事want sth 想要某物L(fēng)et sb do sth 讓某人做某事kind8kind of 有幾分 種類 a kind of 一種(all) kinds of 各種各樣的二vari

18、ous of like to do sth/likedoing sth 喜歡做某事play with 與一起玩duri ng the day 在白天at ni ght 在夜間二、句型與日常交際用語1、-why do you like pan das?/ -Why dose he like koalas?-Because they kind of interesting.2、 Why do you want to see the lio ns? Because theye 3、-Where are lions from?-Lions are from South Africa.4、-What （

19、other） animals do you like?-I like elepha nts.5. This is a symbol of good luck. 的象征6. Have a good memory like an elepha nt.形容記憶力好7 .- How old are you?二What your age?-Im ten years old./lm ten.8.-Do you like giraffes? -Yes, I do. / No, I dontmake of 與 make from “由 組成”make of 看得出原材料，物理變化；make from 看不出原

20、材料，化學(xué)變化。e.g. We must save trees and not by things made of ivory（牙）.The paper is _made of wood.The other, others, another, othe 的區(qū)l.other 可作形容詞或代詞， 做形容詞時(shí)， 意思是“別的， 其他”， 泛指“其他的 （人 或物） ”。如：Do you have any other question（s）?你還有其他問題嗎？Ask some otherpeople .問問別人吧！ Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一只手里。2.the

21、other 指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)時(shí)， 只能用 the other，不能用 an other,此時(shí)的 other 作代詞。女口： He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the otheris a worke 他有兩個(gè)女兒， 一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是工人。 the other 后可加單數(shù)名詞，也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，此時(shí)的other 作形容詞。如： On the other side of the street there is a tall tree.在街道的另一邊，有一棵大樹。Mary is much taller than the other girls.瑪麗比其他

22、的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river.他住在河的對(duì)岸。3.others 是 other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“另外幾個(gè)”，“其余的”。在句中可作主語、 賓語。如：Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞，其余的從事體育活動(dòng)。Give me some others, please 請(qǐng)給我別的東西吧！ There are no others.沒有別的了。4. the others 意思是“其他東西，其余的人”。特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物

23、）”。是 the other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.兩個(gè)男孩將去動(dòng)物園，其余的留在家里。the others=the other 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，這9在第 2 條中已經(jīng)有所介紹。5. another二an othe，既可作形容詞，也可作代詞，只能用于三個(gè)或更多的人或物，泛 指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個(gè)”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如：I dont like this one. Please show me another 我不喜歡這一個(gè)，請(qǐng)給我看看另一個(gè)。 I have

24、three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a work 我有三 個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是教師，還有一個(gè)是工人。Let do sth , let s=let 讓我們做. 人稱代詞用賓格Let之后跟動(dòng)詞原形Let s see the par 我們看熊貓吧。Let s gc 我們走吧！Unit 6 I m watching TV.一、詞組do one homework 做家庭作業(yè) watch TV 看電視 eat dinner 吃飯；就餐 clea n the room 打掃房間talk on the

25、 phone 電話聊天thanks fo 葉 n/doing 為某事感謝某人go shopping/swimming 去購物/游泳at the pool 在游泳池 at school 在學(xué)校 in the tree 在樹上 read newspaper/a book 看報(bào)紙/看書write a letter 寫信go to the movies =go to the cin ema=watch a movie 看電影 take photos 拍照wait for 等待；等候TV show 電視節(jié)目talk about 談?wù)?e.g. What are you talking about?som

26、e of中的一些a photo of my family 我的家庭照be with 和.一起 with sb 和某人在一起in the first/last photo 在第一張/最后一張照片二、句型與日常交際用語1. -What+be+主語+doi ng?正在做什么？-主語+ be doing.正在做某事2. -Here are/is 例：Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of my family.3. -Do you want to go to the movies? -Sure.4. -When do you want to go?

27、 Let s go at seven.5. -Where do people play basketball? -At school.6. -What s he waiting for?He waiting for a bus.7. -What s he readingHe s reading a newspaper.8. Can +do（動(dòng)詞原形）可以e.g. You can see my family at home.三、 語法現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1）現(xiàn)在在進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式：助動(dòng)詞 be（am,is,are）+動(dòng)詞-ing 形式（也叫現(xiàn)在分詞），表示 現(xiàn)在（說話的瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行

28、時(shí)的肯定句形式：主語+be（am,is,are）+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他例：I m watchi ng TV.103）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句形式：主語+be（am,is,are）+not+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他例: They are not playing soccer.4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句形式及回答：- ls（am,are）+主語+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他？- Y es,主語+is/am/are.No,主語 +isn t/aren t/am not.例: Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.5）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞 +is/am/are+主語+

29、現(xiàn)在分詞+其他？例: What is your brother doing?Unit 7 It s raning!一、詞組play computer games 打電子游戲lie on the beach 躺在沙灘上play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球in this heat 在酷暑中in picture 在圖片里 on vacation 度假 on the beach 在海邊 around the world 世界各地 =allover the world be surprised at sth./st 對(duì)某人或某人感到驚訝 be relaxed 放松 =feel rela

30、xedhave a good time 玩得很痛快 in differe nt kind of weather 在不同的天氣里 thank sbfor(doing)sth 由于某事而感謝某人 some-others 一些另一些 a group of people 一群人look at sb doing/do sth 看某人正在做某事/做了某事(事情的全過程) everyone 后只接人不跟of,相當(dāng)于 everybody; every one 后跟人或物，可跟 of。 e.g. Every one is here.每個(gè)人都在這。Every one of the stude nts likes

31、the teacher 每位學(xué)生都很喜歡這個(gè)老師。二、句型/日常交際用語(1) -HoW s the weather(地點(diǎn))？-It s rainy：. s cold and snowing.(2) -What the weather like?-The weather there is very hot.-How s it goingwith sb.)?某人最近怎樣。/How was your trip?-Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good!(4) Thanks you for joining CCTV shArWodd show!(5) -Is Au

32、nt Wang there? -Yes, she is/No, sheisnt(6) There are many people here on vacati on.(7) See you later./See you soo n.之后見 / 很快見(8) My phone isn working.我的電話壞了。Unit 8 Is there a post office near there?、詞組post office 由 E 局 pay phone 投幣式公用電話next to 在.隔壁across from 在.對(duì)面 in front of 在前面 betweenand 在.禾口.之間o

33、n a street 在街上 in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右邊/在左邊 behind 在11后面 on Green street 在格林街上near 在附近go straight 一直走 go down(along) 沿著.走 welcome to 歡迎enjoy+名詞/doing 喜歡做某事have fun 過得愉快on one s riget/l 在某人的右邊/左邊turn right/left 向右/左轉(zhuǎn)take a walk 散步 the way to去的路 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事take a taxi 打的/

34、乘出租車go through.穿過.have a good trip 旅途愉快 =have a good time.玩的開心，過得愉快arrive at (小地方)/in (大地方)到達(dá)at the beg inning of 在開始的時(shí)候at the end of 在結(jié)束的時(shí)候hope to do sth/that/for sth 希望做某事(不可以用 hope sb. to do sth)help sb.to do sth./sb. sth.幫助某人某事jn front of 與 in the front of 的區(qū)別in front of 就是指在某物的前方；in the front o

35、f 是指在某物的內(nèi)部靠前的地方。e.g. sit in the front of the classroom.指坐在教室前排的。sit in front of the classroom 指坐在教室前面（教室外面的前面）。It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moeysb. spend time on sth. /（in） doing sth./sb. spend some money 卜 花費(fèi)時(shí)間 /金錢做某事二、句型。1、Is there a .?句型. Eg:-Excuse me. Is there a hotel in /n ear the n eighbor

36、hood.-Y es, there is. No.there isnt2、Where is ？句型.Eg:-Where is the park, please?-It s behind the bar 肯定回答）-I m sorry I don t 否定回（答）3、Which is the way to + 地點(diǎn)?句型.如：Which is the way to the library?4、How can I get to + 地點(diǎn)?句型.如:How can I get to the restaura nt?,5、Can you tell me the way to +地點(diǎn)？ /Could y

37、ou please tell me.句型.如: Can you tellme the way to the post office?6、Let me tell you the way to my house.7、Just go straight and turn left.1、 Is there a bank near here? Yes, there ist s on Centre Soe etere isn t.2、Where s the supermarket?It s next to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have

38、 fun.4、I hope you have a good trip.125、If you are hun gry,you can buy food in the restaura nt.6、Talk a walk though the park.7、I know you are arriv ing next Sun day.我知道你下周日要來。& Time goes by./time goes quickly.時(shí)間流逝/時(shí)間流逝得飛快Unit 9 What dose he look like?、詞組curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直發(fā) of m

39、edium height/build 中等高度/身體a little bit+形容詞 一點(diǎn)兒 a pop singer 位流行歌手be popular with sb 在流行notany more 不再good-looking 好看 wear glasses 戴眼鏡 have a new look 呈現(xiàn)新面貌 the captain of thebasketball team 籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)長 Nobody knows me 沒有人認(rèn)識(shí)我13、句型1) -What does he look like?-He s reallyshort. He has short hair./ He is of me

40、dium build.2) Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five?3) -She has beautiful, long black hair.-I don t think he s so great .6) stop doi ng(sth)表示停止正在干的事 如：He stop liste nin g-She n ever stops talki ng.stop to do (sth)表示停下來去做某事 如：He stops to liste n.7) I can go shopp ing and n obody knows me.8)

41、-Is he tall or short? -Hes of medium height.9) He has long straight brow n hair.描述順序：形狀大小(long/short)-年齡-顏色-國籍Unit 10 I d like some noodles.一、詞組would like+ n/to do 想要what size 什么尺寸gree n tea 綠茶a kind of 一種 some kind of 許多種a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁(不可數(shù)) some chicken 些雞肉(不可數(shù))mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐cut off

42、 切斷 cut out 切掉1)What kind of would you like?你想要?2)-What size bowl of noodles would you like? -I like a small bowl of no odles.3)We have large ,medium, and small bowls.4)I like dumpli ngs, I donlike no odles.三、日常交際用語1)-Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May I take your order?-I like some noodles

43、. please.2)-What kind of noodles would you like?-I like mutt on and potato no odles. Please.3)-Would you like a cup of green tea?-Y es, please. /No, tha nkswould like 后面還可以跟不定式.即：A: would like to do sth.想要做某事He would like to see you today.B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事What would you like me to do

44、.a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗orange juice 桔汁what kind of 表示.的種類 abowl of rice 一碗米飯 threeoranges 三個(gè)桔子（可數(shù)）threechickens 三只小雞（可數(shù)）gongbao chicken 宮爆雞丁 cutup 切碎 cut dow n 砍下 二、句型14fZif 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g. If he or she blows 從句)out all the can dies in one go, the wish will (主句)come t

45、rue. If itdoesn (從句)rain, we will (主句)play basketball.| it 作形式主語。結(jié)構(gòu)：it+be(is/was)+ (for sb.) +to do sth.(對(duì)某人來說)做某事 怎么樣e.g. Its gett ing more and more popular to have cake on your birthday.=It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday.Un it 11 How was you weeke nd?一、 詞組do

46、some reading 閱讀study for the (math) test 準(zhǔn)備(數(shù)學(xué))考試have a party/ do some sports 做運(yùn)動(dòng)practice+n/doing 練習(xí) what aout/ How about+ n/doing 做什么怎么樣stay at home 呆家里go to summer camp 去夏令營go shopping去購物go to the beach/pool 去沙灘 /游泳go to the mountains 去爬山last month 上個(gè)月three days ago 三天前yesterday 昨天the day before y

47、esteday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天look for 尋找 look after 照顧，看管 look out (for)留神，注意 look up 查找 go for a walk 散步in the morni ng/afterno on /eve ning 在早上/在下午/在晚上on Sunday morning 在某個(gè)具體一天的上午、下午用介詞onplay computer games 玩電腦游戲spend money/time on sth/(in) doing sth 花費(fèi) 做 watch sb do/doing sth 看某人做了某事/正在做某事二、 句