虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí)

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)法講解附帶練習(xí)題虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望或假想，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條件， 不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的重點(diǎn)是：虛擬語(yǔ)氣的特殊形式，即用來(lái)表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意愿等的 主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬形式，含蓄條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣和表示愿望的虛擬形式等。(一) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的常見(jiàn)句型(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：A 用wish表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的愿望時(shí)，它所引起的賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞用 were)。B 用wish表示對(duì)將來(lái)的愿望時(shí)，它所引起的賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為： would,could,might+ 動(dòng)詞原形。C wis

2、h用于對(duì)過(guò)去的事實(shí)表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞或 could,would+have+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。would+動(dòng)詞原形，表示一種過(guò)去未實(shí)現(xiàn)(2)had hoped引起的賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為: 的愿望或令人失望的事。(3)would(had)rather,would as soon,would sooner禾口 would prefer所引起的從句中要求用過(guò)去式表示當(dāng)時(shí)或?qū)?lái)的情況，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的情 況，表示希望或婉轉(zhuǎn)的責(zé)備。例如：I'd rather you posted the letter right away.我倒希望你

3、把這圭寸信立刻寄出去。I would prefer he did nt stay there too Ion g.我倒希望他不要在那兒呆得太久。I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把這本書(shū)還了。It's (high,about) time that句型中that從句中要求用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，即動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式。例如：It's very late.It's time we had to go.天太晚了，我們得走了。(二) 特殊形式的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1)should(可省略)+動(dòng)詞原形用于如下結(jié)

4、構(gòu)中的that從句中。that賓語(yǔ)從句中，例如:A 用于表示意愿、建議、命令、提議、請(qǐng)求等動(dòng)詞后的He ordered that park ing be prohibited on Main street duri ng the rush hour.他下令在（交通）高峰期間禁止在大街上停車。Tom in sisted that his Leadership be recog ni zed by all the boys.湯姆堅(jiān)持讓所有男孩接受他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。這類動(dòng)詞還有：ask 要求 advise 建議 arrange 安排 beg 請(qǐng)求 comma nc命令 decide 決定 dema nd 要

5、求 desire 渴望 determine 決定 insist 堅(jiān)持 intend 打算maintain 堅(jiān)持，主張 move建議，動(dòng)員 propose 提議 object 反對(duì) order 命令 prefer 建議 require 需request 要求resolve 下決心recommend推薦 suggest 建議 stipulate 約定，規(guī)定 urge 強(qiáng)調(diào)，促進(jìn) vote 公認(rèn)，提議 decree 頒布（法令）pray 請(qǐng)求B 用于It is+ 形容詞或過(guò)去分詞+主語(yǔ)從句中，例如：It is appropriate that some time be devoted to thor

6、ough study of the results of the Apollo missio n.拿出時(shí)間對(duì)阿波羅登月計(jì)劃的結(jié)果做詳細(xì)研究是恰當(dāng)?shù)?。This is their resoluti on that extracurriculum activities be made part of theirschool life.這是他們的決議：要使得課外活動(dòng)成為他們學(xué)校生活的一部分。這類形容詞或分詞有：advisable 合理的 decided 決定的 crucial 關(guān)鍵的 appropriate 恰當(dāng)?shù)?determined 決定的 commandec命令的arranged安排的essen

7、tial緊要的，基本的complied 遵照anxious焦急的imperative 迫切的important 重要的desirable 合意的better 較好的，更好insistent 堅(jiān)持的desired 想要asked請(qǐng)求keen渴望的in credible難以置信的 adama nt堅(jiān)定不移的natural 自然的 insisted堅(jiān)持 necessary 必要的 suggested 建議 urgent 緊迫的 ordered 命令shocked震驚的vital極其重要的 possible 可能的strange 奇怪的preferable 好一點(diǎn)proposed 提議 request

8、ed 要求的 required 要求的 recommended 推薦 resolved 決定的 probable 可能的pity 可惜，憾事 shame遺憾C 表示建議、要求、命令、請(qǐng)求等含義的名詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，例如：The moti on is that the remark of the last speaker be exp un ged from the record.該提議要求把最后一個(gè)發(fā)言的人的講話從記錄上除掉。這類名詞常見(jiàn)的有：advice 忠告 decision 決定 demand 要求 desire 要求、愿望 insistence堅(jiān)持 motion 提議nece

9、ssity 必 要 性 order 命 令 preference 偏 愛(ài) ， 選 擇 proposal提 議 pray 懇 求recommendation 推薦 request 要求 requirement 要求 resolution 決心 suggestion 勸告， 忠告(2) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于 as if(though) 引起的方式狀語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句中，其動(dòng)詞形式與 wish 賓語(yǔ)從句的形式相同。例如： She often laughs spontaneously,and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part o

10、f the sunshine above. 她常常發(fā)出發(fā)自內(nèi)心的微笑，而且她那美好的情緒像天上一道明亮的陽(yáng)光一樣，常常流露出來(lái)。They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他們交談著，就好像他們是多年的 老朋友一樣。She looks as if she would cry. 她看起來(lái)好像要哭了。(3) 由連接詞 in case,so that,unless,lost,for fear that 引起的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 要用虛擬形式，即 should(might,would)+ 動(dòng)詞原形，例如：She put a blanket o

11、ver the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那個(gè)嬰兒 的身上蓋上了毯子以免他著涼。(三) 含蓄虛擬條件句含蓄虛擬條件句是指句中沒(méi)有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是利用其他手段來(lái)暗示存在虛擬條件。常用來(lái)表示含蓄虛擬條件的手段有：(1) 介 詞 或 介 詞 短 語(yǔ) ， 如 but for,but that,without,in case of,under,under more favourable condition 等。(2)連詞，如：so that, uni ess,in case,suppos in g,lest,provided(倘若),fo

12、r fearthat(惟恐),insgroupsthat,on condition that,if only(要是就好了 )等。( 注： lest,for fear that 和 in case 引起的從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用should+ 動(dòng)詞原形，但可以不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用動(dòng)詞的陳述語(yǔ)氣形式。 ) 例如：這位外籍教師說(shuō)得很The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 慢以免我們聽(tīng)不懂。Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.

13、在使用此法時(shí)要小心謹(jǐn)慎，以免會(huì)發(fā)生溢流現(xiàn)象。練習(xí)題，自測(cè)一下：1. It's time that youhome and I'd rather youagain tomorrow.A. would go ; would comeB. went ; cameC. go ; are comingD. are going ; will come2. He insisted that he no help.A. would needB. neededC. need D. needs3. I really wish such a noise soon.D. will stopA. had

14、 stopped B. would stop C. stopped4. I you a more valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of moneyat that time.A. much have boughtB. had boughtC. would have boughtD. would buy5. If she could sew, she herself a shirt.A. had madeB. will makeC. would have made D. made6. he come, the problem

15、would be settled.A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If7. I to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind.A. would have hopedB. was hopingC. had hopedD. hoped8. It's necessary that each child the rules.A. must obeyB. still obey C. obeys D. obey9. The officer gave the order that soldiers to g

16、o out at nightA. mustn't be allowedB. not be allowedC. be not allowedD. shouldn'tallow10. His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan.A. shouldn't agreeB. wouldn't agreeC. hadn't agreed D. didn'tagree11. You to the meeting yesterday . What was the reason for you

17、r absence?A. had come B. came C. would have come D. should have come12. He the job well, but he so careless.A. hadn't done ; had beenB. could have done ; wasC. could do ; was D. had done ; had been13. There was plenty of time, she have hurried.A. wouldn'tB. needn'tC. couldn'tD. mustn

18、't14. He didn't come yesterday, or you him.A. had seenB. might have seenC. were to seeD. would see15. Li Ning acted that way as though he a foreigner.A. wereB. had beenC. should beD. is16. "Have you visited the Science Museum?" "No, but I really wish I ."A. had B. did C.

19、haveD. will17. he would have succeeded in the examinations.A. If he has worked hardB. If he works hardC. If he worked hard D. Had he worked hard18. What would you do if the war .A. would break out B. were to break outC. will break outD. is brokenout19. Our former maths teacher died ofcancer last ter

20、m, otherwisehenow.A. would still be workingB. would still have workedD. will still workC. should still work20. If it so hard, we'd go to town.A. isn't going to rainB. doesn't C. weren't rainingD. isn't raining21. Without your help, I the exam last term.A. failed inB. would have f

21、ailedC. wouldn't passD. would fail22. But for the Party, he of hunger 30 years ago.A. diedB. would dieC. must have dieddiedD. would have23. The doctor did everything he could so that hesave the soldier's life.A. mightB. mustC. had toD. was able to參考答案1-5 B B B C C6-10 B A D B D11-15 D B B B

22、A16-20 A D B A C21-23 B D A 高中語(yǔ)法 - 虛擬語(yǔ)氣專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English much easier.A. will beB. would have been C. could have been D. would be2. If she had worked harder, she .A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeeded3. If he , he that food. Luckil

23、y he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken4. If he me his telephone number yesterday, I able to ring him up now.A. told; would be B. had told; would be C. ha

24、d told; would have been D. told; am5. If I you, I to Australia with Mr. Smith.A. had been; would go B. were; had gone C. were; would have gone D. am; will go6. Without electricity human life quite different today.A. is B. will beC. would have been D. would be7. Our monitor was absent. Otherwise I th

25、e chair.A. would not take B. didn't take C. hadn't taken D. wouldn't have taken8. The experiment has failed! I suggest that you again.A. try B. trying C. will try D. would try9. His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan.A. didn't agree B. hadn't agreed C. wouldn&#

26、39;t agree D. not agree10. The father insisted his daughter a rich man.A. would be engaged to B. be engaged to C. should engage to D. must be engaged to11. She insisted that she ill of him behind him, but he didn't believe.A. hadn't spoken B. shouldn't speak C. wouldn't speak D. not

27、speak12. I stayed at a hotel while in New York. Oh, did you? You with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed13. I was really anxious about you. You home without a word.A. mustn't leave B. shouldn't have left C. couldn't have left D. needn't leave

28、14. There was plenty of time. She .A. mustn't have hurried B. needn't have hurried C. must not hurry D. couldn't have hurried15. I wish I you yesterday.A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see16. If my lawyer here last Saturday, he me from going.A. had been; would have prevented B.

29、had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented17. He you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give18. If it for the snow, we the mountain yesterday.A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had

30、not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb19. I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it out D. ought to write it out20. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she , she would have met my bro

31、ther.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come21. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken22. You didn't let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired.A. drove; didn't getB. drove; wouldn't getC. were driving;

32、 wouldn't getD. had driven; wouldn't have got23. She couldn't have answered the question if she a few books on world history.A. hadn't read B. hasn't read C. wouldn't read D. didn't read24. If it so hard, we'd go to town.A. isn't raining B. weren't raining C.

33、doesn't rain D. has rained25. Our former math teacher died of cancer last term, otherwise he .A. will still workB. should still workC. would still have workedD. would still be working26. The soldier died in the hospital. He if the doctor on him two hours earlier.A. might be saved; operatedB. cou

34、ld be saved; had operatedC. could have been saved; had operated D. had been saved; was operated27. It's time that you home and I'd rather you again tomorrow.A. are going; will come B. go; are coming C. went; came D. would go; would come28. I you a more valuable present for your birthday, but

35、 I was short of money at that time.A. would buy B. had bought C. would have bought D. must have bought29. I went to the meeting yesterday because I nothing about the discussion without attendingit.A. didn't know B. would know C. knew D. would have known30. It was required that each student enoug

36、h food for the public.A. bring B. brought C. would bring D. had brought31. He didn't come yesterday, or you him.A. would see B. were to see C. might have seen D. had seen32. It was suggested yesterday that a meeting to discuss the matter.A. will be held B. would be held C. should hold D. be held

37、33. It's strange that he without saying good-bye to us.A. should have gone out B. went C. should go outD. goes out34. Nothing could have saved him even if he without delay.A. would be tended B. was tended C. has been tended D. had ben tended35. The manager was angry and ordered that this work to

38、morrow.A. be finished B. finish C. was finished D. would finish36. He is talking so much about Britain as if he there.A. had been B. has been C. wasD. had gone37. The young man insisted that he nothing wrong and free.A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. do; be set D. had done; must be set38. My

39、 suggestion was that the meeting off till next week.A. to put B. be put C. should put D. would be put39. Had you listened to the doctor, you all right now.A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been40. It is requested that Li Ming at the class meeting on behalf of us.A. will speak B. speaks C. would speak D. speak41. I didn't catch the first train this morning. You the first train if you earlier.A. would catch; had got upB. c