小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法匯總教學(xué)PPT

1、2021/8/61一、名詞（可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞）一、名詞（可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞）二、人稱代詞二、人稱代詞三、冠詞三、冠詞四、動(dòng)詞四、動(dòng)詞五、介詞五、介詞六、數(shù)詞六、數(shù)詞七、形容詞和副詞七、形容詞和副詞八、八、there bethere be結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)九、句式九、句式1.1.肯定句肯定句2.2.否定句否定句3.3.疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句4.4.祈使句祈使句十、時(shí)態(tài)：十、時(shí)態(tài)：1. 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2. 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)3. 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)4. 4. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)十一、十一、“whwh”的特殊疑問(wèn)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全2021/8/62一、名詞名詞名詞具體名詞

2、具體名詞抽象名詞抽象名詞普通名詞普通名詞專有名詞專有名詞個(gè)體名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞集體名詞名詞名詞可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)2021/8/63英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中，名詞有兩種數(shù)的形式：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中，名詞有兩種數(shù)的形式：1）單數(shù)（表示一個(gè)人或事物）；）單數(shù)（表示一個(gè)人或事物）；2）復(fù)數(shù)（表示多于一個(gè)的人或數(shù)）。）復(fù)數(shù)（表示多于一個(gè)的人或數(shù)）。只有可數(shù)名詞才有復(fù)數(shù)形式。只有可數(shù)名詞才有復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞的數(shù)：名詞的數(shù)： 2021/8/64名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成形式形式變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則發(fā)音發(fā)音例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+s1. 清輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后清輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后s2. 濁輔音結(jié)

3、尾的名詞后濁輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后z；3. 元音結(jié)尾的名詞后元音結(jié)尾的名詞后z;books, cups, catsdogs, birds, armsdays, players以以-s,-sh, -ch, -x, -z結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞+esizbus, brush, boxes, watch,大多數(shù)以大多數(shù)以-o結(jié)結(jié)尾的名詞尾的名詞+esztomatoes, potatoes以元音字母加以元音字母加o結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞+szradios, pianos以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞把把y改成改成i再再加加eszstories, families, babies以以f和和fe結(jié)尾的

4、結(jié)尾的大多數(shù)名詞大多數(shù)名詞把把f或或fe改改成成v再加再加eszthieves, knives2021/8/65由元音字母的變化構(gòu)成：由元音字母的變化構(gòu)成： man-men, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, mouse-mice, woman-women2. 有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)的形式一樣：有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)的形式一樣： sheep, deer, fish(但也可以是但也可以是fishes)有些名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加有些名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加-en: child-children, ox-oxen不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)2021/8/66Practise peach_ 2

5、. zoo _3. glass _4. fox _5. lady _6. policewoman _7. house _8. photo _9. monkey _10. wife _11. rose _ 12. path _13. judge _ 14. map _peacheszoosglassesfoxesladiespolicewomenhousesphotosmonkeyswivesrosespathsjudgesmaps2021/8/67二、人稱代詞主格： I we you she he it they賓格： me us you her him it them形容詞性物主代詞： my

6、 our your her his its their名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 第一人稱第一人稱第二人稱第二人稱第三人稱第三人稱后跟名詞后跟名詞能夠在句子中獨(dú)立作能夠在句子中獨(dú)立作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)2021/8/68Practise_(他) is my brother.2. I had a letter from _ (她).3. Its all right; its only _(我).4. Today _(我們) went in _(我們的) car; tomorrow _(我們) are going in _(

7、他們的).5. _(我) lend _(我的) books gladly to _ (我的) friends and to _(你的).6. Can you help _(我) with _(我的) English.7. When _(你) go to see _(你的) father, please take these books to _(他).8. _(他們) found _(它) difficult to learn German.HehermeweourwetheirsImymyyoursmemyyouyourhimTheyit2021/8/69所有格所有格所有格的形式所有格的形式

8、單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加 schild-childs以以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加結(jié)尾的單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加swaitress-waitresss不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加schildren-childrens以以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加girls-girls以以-s結(jié)尾的一些人名末尾加結(jié)尾的一些人名末尾加sJames-Jamess下列情況一般用下列情況一般用 “of”結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：東西東西(沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的復(fù)合名詞時(shí)沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的復(fù)合名詞時(shí)): the book of the film2. 東西的一部分東西的一部分: the bottom

9、 of the box3. 抽象的概念抽象的概念: the price of success4. 當(dāng)當(dāng)of短語(yǔ)中的名詞被另一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或從句修飾時(shí)：短語(yǔ)中的名詞被另一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或從句修飾時(shí)： Cant you look at the book of the boy behind you?雙重雙重2021/8/610 s結(jié)構(gòu)也可以用于結(jié)構(gòu)也可以用于 “of”結(jié)構(gòu)之后，如：結(jié)構(gòu)之后，如：a friend of my fathers , 出現(xiàn)這種情況是因?yàn)樵谝粋€(gè)名詞前通常只用一出現(xiàn)這種情況是因?yàn)樵谝粋€(gè)名詞前通常只用一個(gè)限定詞，又如：個(gè)限定詞，又如：this son of mine, a friend of

10、yours, a cousin of hers等等。等等。Isnt Frank a friend of yours?That silly uncle of Toms has told me the same Joke five times.2021/8/611冠詞不定冠詞不定冠詞a,an定冠詞定冠詞the只能用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前只能用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞零冠詞名詞前可不用冠詞名詞前可不用冠詞2021/8/612不定冠詞的用法：不定冠詞的用法：表示表示“一一”，“任何一個(gè)任何一個(gè)”或或“不管哪一個(gè)不管哪一個(gè)”的意思。的意思。 I

11、have a sister and two brothers.2. 在某些度量表示法中：在某些度量表示法中： We have PE lessons three times a week.3. 用在單數(shù)的表語(yǔ)名詞前，以表示職業(yè)、行業(yè)、宗教、等級(jí)等。用在單數(shù)的表語(yǔ)名詞前，以表示職業(yè)、行業(yè)、宗教、等級(jí)等。 George wants to be an engineer.4. 在以在以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞前。引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞前。 What a pretty girl!5. 一些常用短語(yǔ)中。一些常用短語(yǔ)中。 have a good time, half an hour, h

12、ave a headache.2021/8/613定冠詞的用法：定冠詞的用法：用來(lái)表示用來(lái)表示“獨(dú)一無(wú)二獨(dú)一無(wú)二”的意思。的意思。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 表示表示“說(shuō)話的人剛剛提到過(guò)的人或事物說(shuō)話的人剛剛提到過(guò)的人或事物”。 There is a boat in the river. The boat is made of wood.3. 用在后面跟有限定性介詞短語(yǔ)的名詞前。用在后面跟有限定性介詞短語(yǔ)的名詞前。 the letter from America, the fourteenth of April4. 用在

13、泛指的樂(lè)器名詞前。用在泛指的樂(lè)器名詞前。 He plays the piano.5. 一些常用短語(yǔ)。一些常用短語(yǔ)。 by the way, in the morning, Whats the matter?2021/8/614零冠詞的用法：零冠詞的用法：泛指的抽象名詞前。泛指的抽象名詞前。Life is very hard for some people.2. 泛指的物質(zhì)名詞前。泛指的物質(zhì)名詞前。Water is very useful.3. 泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。Books are my best friends.4. 泛指的泛指的“餐餐”名前。名前。Come to have

14、dinner/breakfast with me.5. 大多數(shù)的專有名詞前。大多數(shù)的專有名詞前。He comes from France.6. 語(yǔ)言的名詞前。語(yǔ)言的名詞前。She can speak French.7. 在季節(jié)和節(jié)日的名詞前。在季節(jié)和節(jié)日的名詞前。Winter is the best time for skating.8. 當(dāng)名詞前已有一些代詞修飾時(shí)。當(dāng)名詞前已有一些代詞修飾時(shí)。My brother is a soldier.9. 在體育項(xiàng)目的名詞前。在體育項(xiàng)目的名詞前。play basketball10. 一些常用短語(yǔ)。一些常用短語(yǔ)。 at home, go to schoo

15、l, at night2021/8/6151. There is _notebook on my desk. I use _ notebook to keep a diary.2. There is _bottle on the table. _ water in it is sweet.3. Wangs mother is _English teacher. She teaches in _ primary school.4. China is _ ancient country with _ long history.5. China has _ population of 12 hund

16、red million. _ Chinese people are _ great people.6. Her mother is _ university teacher. She is _ honest woman.7. None of _books should be taken out of _ room without _ permission of _ librarian.8. _Party always teaches us to work for _ people heart and soul.9. She studies at _No. 3 Middle School. Sh

17、e goes to _ school by _ bus every day.10. My elder sister is _student of _ English. She studies at _ college.11. _ Monday before _ Spring Festival was very cold.12. Have you had _dinner? PractiseatheaTheantheanatheThe/aanthethethe/The/aaThe/2021/8/616四、動(dòng)詞四、動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞主要表示動(dòng)作，其次表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，動(dòng)詞主要表示動(dòng)作，其次表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，有時(shí)

18、態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣等形式的變化。有時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣等形式的變化。 小學(xué)階段所涉及的動(dòng)詞主要有：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、小學(xué)階段所涉及的動(dòng)詞主要有：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can等。等。2021/8/617Be動(dòng)詞am, is, arewas, werebeen2021/8/618Practise1. He _ very good at English. 2. My father and I _ going to Beijing next month. 3. _ you on duty the day before yesterday? 4. Mr. King _ in London two w

19、eeks ago. 5. There _ many kinds of animals in the zoo. 6. What _ the date yesterday? 7. Look! A little girl _ flying a kite. 8. Who _ not at school last Monday? 9. Have you ever _ to Japan?10. I _ not a nurse. I work as a doctor.isareWerewasarewasiswasbeenam2021/8/619動(dòng)詞的基本形式原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞stu

20、dystudiesstudiedstudied studyingdodoesdiddonedoinghavehashadhadhavinglearnlearnslearned/learntlearned/learntlearning2021/8/620第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式情況情況變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+sworks, learns, eats, needs, says結(jié)尾為結(jié)尾為s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses, washes, teaches, goes, fixes結(jié)尾為輔音結(jié)尾為輔音字母字母+y變y為i+escarries, studies, flies, hur

21、ries, cries 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞be和和have的第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式的第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式分別是分別是is和和has。2021/8/621動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成例詞讀音例詞讀音在動(dòng)詞在動(dòng)詞后加后加ed在以在以e結(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞尾的動(dòng)詞后加后加ed在以輔音字母加在以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，先變先變y為為i再加再加ed在重讀閉音節(jié)或在重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個(gè)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，須雙寫(xiě)輔音字母時(shí)，須雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母再加這個(gè)輔音字母再加ed在清輔音后讀在清輔音后讀tlookedwashedpassedhopedlikedstoppeddropped在元音和濁輔音在元

22、音和濁輔音后讀后讀dstayedcalledlivedstudiedtriedcarriedplannedpreferred在輔音在輔音t、d后讀后讀idtastedneededadmittedpermitted2021/8/622現(xiàn)在分詞情況情況變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+ingdoing, asking, helping以不發(fā)音的以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞去去e加加inghaving, taking, writing, living以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個(gè)輔而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞音字母的動(dòng)詞雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加字母，再加

23、ingrunning, swimming, putting, sitting2021/8/623原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式過(guò)去式現(xiàn)在分詞have givegetread sweepplay carry hashadhavinggivesgavegivinggetsgotgettingreadsreadreadingsweepssweptsweepingplaysplayedplayingcarriescarriedcarryingPractise2021/8/624五、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間和表示方式的一種動(dòng)詞形式。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間和表示方式的一

24、種動(dòng)詞形式。小學(xué)階段所學(xué)的時(shí)態(tài)有：小學(xué)階段所學(xué)的時(shí)態(tài)有： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：work/works2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are working3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：worked4. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)：am/is/are going to work2021/8/625一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)通常表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或通常表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或目前的狀態(tài)。目前的狀態(tài)。常與時(shí)間副詞連用：常與時(shí)間副詞連用：always, often, usually, every, on Sundays, twice a week等。等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句I work.We work.I dont work.We

25、 dont work.Do I work?Do we work?You work.You dont work.Do you work?They work.They dont work.Do they work?SheHe works.ItSheHe doesnt work.It sheDoes he work? it2021/8/626現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)通常表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生或通常表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作。它所表示的動(dòng)作具有進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作。它所表示的動(dòng)作具有持續(xù)性、暫時(shí)性和未完成性。持續(xù)性、暫時(shí)性和未完成性。常見(jiàn)的與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有關(guān)的詞有：常見(jiàn)的與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有關(guān)的詞有：now, t

26、hese days, look, listen等。等。基本結(jié)構(gòu)基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句I am working.We are working.Im not working.Were not working.Am I working?Are we working?You are working.You arent working.Are you working?They are working. They arent working. Are they working?SheHe is working.ItSheHe isnt working.It sheIs he

27、working? it2021/8/627一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或通常表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，其中也包括習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。存在的狀態(tài)，其中也包括習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：yesterday, last, ago, just now, in 1998等。等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句I worked.We worked.I didnt work.We didnt work.Did I work?Did we work?You worked.You didnt work.Did you wo

28、rk?They worked.They didnt work.Did they work? She He worked. ItSheHe didnt work.It sheDid he work? it2021/8/628一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常與一些表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：常與一些表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：tomorrow, next, Be going to do表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事；也可以表示做某事；也可以表示“預(yù)見(jiàn)預(yù)見(jiàn)”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況。明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)

29、生某種情況?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句Im going to work.Were going to work.Im not going to work.We arent going to work.Am I going to work?Are we going to work?Youre going to work.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?Theyre going to work.They arent going to work. Are they going to work?SheHe is going to w

30、ork.ItSheHe isnt going to work.It sheIs he going to work? it2021/8/629Peter _ (play) basketball twice a week.2. Do you believe what he _ (say) just now?3. Look! The lazy cat _ (sleep) in the sofa.4. There _(be) a book and two pens on the desk.5. _you _(see ) a film tomorrow morning? 6. She _(not pla

31、y) the guitar at the moment.7. What _his father usually _(do) in the evening ?8. They _ ( have ) a meeting next week, arent they? 9. Both he and I _ (be) teachers. 10. I _ (not feel ) very well yesterday .11. He put on his coat and _ (go) out.12. Lei Feng often _ (help) others and he was helpful. Ne

32、xt Sunday, we _ (clean) up the park.14. Hurry! Your mother _ (wait) for you at the school gate.Practiseplayssaidis sleepingisAregoing to seeisnt playingdoesdoare going to havearedidnt feelwenthelpsare going to cleanis waiting2021/8/630六、介詞六、介詞介詞在句子中表示名詞或代詞等與其他詞之間的關(guān)系。不能單獨(dú)作句介詞在句子中表示名詞或代詞等與其他詞之間的關(guān)系。不能單

33、獨(dú)作句子成分，常位于名詞或代詞（或與之相當(dāng)?shù)钠渌~類、短語(yǔ)、從句）子成分，常位于名詞或代詞（或與之相當(dāng)?shù)钠渌~類、短語(yǔ)、從句）前面構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。介詞后面的成分作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。前面構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。介詞后面的成分作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。方位介方位介詞詞in, on, at, under, to, behind, beside, near, before, in front of, next to, between時(shí)間介時(shí)間介詞詞in, on, at, after, before, fromto, past, between 其它其它of, by, with, into, out of, for, 2021/8/

34、631Practise1. Look _ the picture. Its picture_ my school. 2. There is a school building _ my school. It has five floors._ the school building, there is a big playground. _school, the children always play ball games there. 3. My classroom is_ the fifth floor. Its big and clean. 4. Miss Li is our clas

35、s teacher. She comes _ school early every morning. She comes _bicycle. Then she does morning exercises _us. She likes sports. Tomorrow is her birthday. We will make a card _ her. We love her very much. 5. There are some apples _ the tree. 6. Wheres your study? Its next _ my bedroom.7. The car _ the

36、tree is Jacks. 8. The ball is_ the door, so you cant see it.9. _ _ _the house, there are many trees. 10. Listen! Someone is knocking _the door.11. There is something wrong _ my computer.atofinNearAfterontobywithforontounderbehindIn front ofatwith2021/8/632七、數(shù)詞 表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞 表示數(shù)目順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞表示數(shù)

37、目順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞112的基數(shù)詞的基數(shù)詞：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve1319的基數(shù)詞：的基數(shù)詞： thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen2090的基數(shù)詞：的基數(shù)詞： twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety2129的基數(shù)：的基數(shù)： twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-thre

38、e, twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine thirty-nine, forty-eight, fifty-seven.-teen-ty十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間要加連字符號(hào)十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間要加連字符號(hào)“-”2021/8/6332. 百位數(shù)百位數(shù)：one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, four hundredfive hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundr

39、ed and eight, eight hundred and one3. 千位數(shù)千位數(shù)：one thousand, four thousand, seven thousand one hundred and five百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加and。 注意注意 英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有“萬(wàn)萬(wàn)”這個(gè)單位，所以常用這個(gè)單位，所以常用thousand來(lái)表示。來(lái)表示。ten thousand, thirty thousand, fifteen thousand one hundred,five hundred and one thousand four hundred and thirty

40、-two2021/8/634英語(yǔ)序數(shù)詞第英語(yǔ)序數(shù)詞第1-19除了除了first, second與與third有特殊形式外，其余的都由有特殊形式外，其余的都由基數(shù)詞加后綴基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 注意：注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和和twelfth的拼法。的拼法。2. 十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾ty中的中的y變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閕，然后加后綴然后加后綴-eth,如：如： twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth3.十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞如果含有十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞如果含有1-9的個(gè)位數(shù)時(shí)，十位數(shù)用基數(shù)

41、詞，個(gè)位數(shù)用序數(shù)的個(gè)位數(shù)時(shí)，十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，個(gè)位數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，中間用詞，中間用“-”連字符。如：連字符。如： twenty-fourth, ninety-fifth4. 百、千、萬(wàn)等的序數(shù)詞由百、千、萬(wàn)等的序數(shù)詞由hundred, thousand, million等加等加-th,前面加有前面加有關(guān)的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成。如：關(guān)的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成。如： one hundredth, one thousandth 注意：序數(shù)詞前的注意：序數(shù)詞前的one不能用不能用a代替。代替。 one hundred and twenty-first2021/8/635Practise1. There are _ days in

42、 a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five2._people visit this museum every day.A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of3.There are two_ people in the meeting room.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred

43、s of D. hundred of4._ trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years.A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Two thousand of5. My brother is in_.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one6. We are going to learn_ thi

44、s term. A. book six B. six book C. the book six D. Book Six 7. We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this_. A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five D. seventy eight thou

45、sand six hundred and forty-fiveCDAABDC2021/8/6368. The year 1999 should be read The year_. A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine9. He will come here _ tomorrow morning.A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two D. ti

46、ll tenth 10. Every day he begins to do his homework _.A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventh D. until ten 11. We all like the_ boy.A. of ten years old B. ten-year-old C. at ten old D. of age of ten 12. There are_ months in a year. December is the _ month of the year.A. twelv

47、e; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth 13. During_ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth D. the twenty14. Jenny was born_.A. on July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. on 1987, July 10 BBABBBA

48、2021/8/637八、形容詞和副詞形容詞形容詞是用來(lái)描寫(xiě)或修飾名詞（或代詞）的詞。是用來(lái)描寫(xiě)或修飾名詞（或代詞）的詞。副詞副詞是用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全是用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句的詞。句的詞。 He is a good student.2. The film is very interesting.3. There is something wrong with the bike.4. Lucy is older than Helen. The problem is very difficult.2. He wrote the letters carefully.

49、方式副詞：方式副詞：carefully, quickly, suddenly 2. 地點(diǎn)副詞：地點(diǎn)副詞：here, there, up, down3. 時(shí)間副詞：時(shí)間副詞：yesterday, today, now4. 程度副詞：程度副詞：very, quite, much, just2021/8/638形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)情況情況比較級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)最高級(jí)一般情況一般情況+er, 如：如：taller, longer, faster, sooner+est, 如：如：tallest, longest, fastest, soonest以以e結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞+r, 如：如：later,

50、nicer, larger+st, 如：如：latest, nicest, largest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞尾的詞雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再+er, 如如: bigger, fatter雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再+est，如：如：biggest, fattest以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞把把y改為改為i再再+er, 如：如：busier, earlier把把y改為改為i再再+est, 如：如：busiest, earliest大部分多音節(jié)詞大部分多音節(jié)詞在前面加在前面加more, 如：如：more careful, more wond

51、erfully在前面加在前面加most, 如：如：most careful, most wonderfully不規(guī)則的詞：不規(guī)則的詞：good/well, many/much,farbettermorefarther/furtherbestmostfarthest/further2021/8/639比較級(jí)的用法1. 用來(lái)把彼此獨(dú)立的事和人進(jìn)行比較，表示用來(lái)把彼此獨(dú)立的事和人進(jìn)行比較，表示“比比更更一些一些”的意思，通常用一個(gè)由從屬連詞的意思，通常用一個(gè)由從屬連詞than引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示和什引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示和什么相比。為了避免重復(fù)，從句中有些成分可以省略。如：么相比。為了避免重復(fù)，從句中

52、有些成分可以省略。如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He got more information than I did.He runs faster than I.2. 如果我們要說(shuō)兩個(gè)東西在某一方面是一樣的，我們就可以用如果我們要說(shuō)兩個(gè)東西在某一方面是一樣的，我們就可以用 “as+形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞+as”, 形容詞不用比較級(jí)而用原級(jí)。在作否定形容詞不用比較級(jí)而用原級(jí)。在作否定比較時(shí)，可以用比較時(shí)，可以用not asas, not soas, 也可以用也可以用lessthan，如：，如：Jimmy is as tall as his father.I dont w

53、rite as/so well as Helen.This film is less interesting than that one.2021/8/640比較級(jí)的用法3. 為了表示持續(xù)不斷的變化，我們可以用為了表示持續(xù)不斷的變化，我們可以用“雙重比較雙重比較”的方的方法，這種結(jié)構(gòu)后面不可跟法，這種結(jié)構(gòu)后面不可跟than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句。如：引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句。如：He is crying harder and harder.Our country gets more and more beautiful.Computers are getting smaller and smaller,

54、 and computing faster and faster.4. 表示兩個(gè)變化是一起發(fā)生的，可以把比較級(jí)形式和表示兩個(gè)變化是一起發(fā)生的，可以把比較級(jí)形式和the一一起用，表示起用，表示“越越，就越，就越”的意思。如：的意思。如：The higher the mountain is, the thinner the air is.The earlier you start, the sooner you will be back. 2021/8/641Practise1. Shanghai is _than Beijing. It is _ city in our country. (la

55、rge) 2. Bill isnt as _ as Mike. Tom is _ than Mike. Who is _ of the three boys? (old) 3. Mary draws as _ as Bill, and she is much _ than him at singing. (well, good) 4. Spring is coming. The weather is getting _ and _.(warm) 5. Tom, Jon and I bought a computer each last week. Johns computer is much

56、_ than Toms and mine. It is _ of the three. (expensive) 6. It is a little _ today than yesterday. (wet) 7. Mrs Brown is much _ than she was two years ago. (healthy) 8. Which do you like _, basketball, volleyball, or football? (well) largerthe largestoldolderthe oldestwellbetterwarmerwarmermore expen

57、sivethe most expensivewetterhealthierbest2021/8/642Beijingers are true _ to the world. (friend)2. Look! How _ Kitty is laughing! (happy)3. I think July is _ than any other month in our country. (hot)4. She always listens to the teacher _ in class. (care)5. The park is one of the _ parks in Beijing.

58、(beautiful)6. She speaks English, but not as _ as his brother. (good)7. I was _ by the _ sound. (frightened, frightening)8. The music sounds _. (beautiful, beautifully)9. Dont make so much noise, or you will wake up the _ boy. (sleeping, asleep)10. Yesterdays concert was wonderful. Ive never heard s

59、uch an _ one before. (excited, exciting)Practisefriendlyhappilyhottercarefullymost beautifulwellfrightenedfrighteningbeautifulsleepingexciting2021/8/643There be 的結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：肯定句： There is/was a There are/were 一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句:Is/Was there ? Yes, there is/was. No, there isnt/was. Are there? Yes, there are/were.

60、No, there arent/werent.否定句：否定句： There isnt/wasnt . There arent/werent.There be表示表示 “存在有存在有”,即當(dāng)我們告訴某人某事存在即當(dāng)我們告訴某人某事存在(或不或不存在存在)常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。其中常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。其中there是引導(dǎo)詞是引導(dǎo)詞,本身無(wú)詞義本身無(wú)詞義;be為謂為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,后面跟的是名詞后面跟的是名詞,也就是主語(yǔ)也就是主語(yǔ),也就是說(shuō)也就是說(shuō)there be結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用也就是倒裝的具體運(yùn)用。其真正的主語(yǔ)在的運(yùn)用也就是倒裝的具體運(yùn)用。其真正的主語(yǔ)在there be 之之后。后。 2021/8/644Ther